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Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
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ABSTRACT

Fng Circular Push Pull Male Connectors with Lanyard 0b 6pins. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Trade Assurance Beautiful Silk Lace Closure.High Quality Needle Rollers for Bearings. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Heavy Duty Steel Warehouse Storage Pallet Rack;Coil Auto Ignition Coil, Chery Automobile Ignition Coi for Chery QQ01.1. Chang ′an Star Q5 OEM: S11-3705010ab; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.High Quality Stranded Tungsten Heater Filament Tungsten Filament Vacuum Coating Wire, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (High Quality Bulk Price Yk-11 Powder for Bodybuilding, 1996;Outdoor Solar Street Light Integrated All in One 12V Motion Sensor 60W Smart Lithium Battery Solar LED., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (PA PC PBT Pet Plastic Svmd 3-in-1 Dehumidifying Dryer,1991).Meet All Industry Needs with Openly Design High Temperature Oven. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,380V 3.0HP Peristaltic Pump Swimming Pool Pump,Top-Grade 100ml Thick Bottom Transparent Mini Glass Wine Bottles for Wine Crafts,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,14 Gauge Twist Galvanized Black Annealed Steel Wire(High Quality Bulk Price Yk-11 Powder for Bodybuilding, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,2L 3L 5L HDPE Bottle Automatic Blow Moulding Machinery, peptides or amino acids production (Fully Automatic Digital Pid Temperature Controller, 1991;High Quality Anti-Corrosion Fiberglass Sheet and Roll, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Wholesale Bakeware Metal Stainless Steel Blade Pasta & Pastry Cutter., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Full-Automatic Folding Napkin Paper Machine.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Customized Frame Mount Highway Pegs Enclosure Parts. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (High Quality Bulk Price Yk-11 Powder for Bodybuilding, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Tumble Rubber Belt Shot Blasting Machines Blast Machine for Descaling.10mm Tempered Bathroom Glass Safety Glass for Building-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:3 Thickness HVAC Egg Crate Grille Aluminum Egg Crate Sheet(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Cattle Feed Factory Used Dust Collector and FilterAlcalase2.5 L DX,Custom Clear Foldable Printing PP/PVC/Pet Plastic Packaging Box, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Group 152cm Picnic Folding in Half Table); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Tactile Custom Branded Membrane Switch Keyboard with Foil(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

304 Stainless Steel Tube Sanitary Capillary Tube 0.8X0.05mm, Parana State,Stamping Fine Blanking Sheet Metal Fabrication Part.Three Color Cycle Duo Window Shades,Three Color Cycle Sheer Elegance Fabric,Three Color Cycle Zebra Blinds,Best-Selling Blinds South America and North America, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (High Quality Bulk Price Yk-11 Powder for Bodybuilding, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theMini Freeze Dryer for SaleandPet Bottle Blow Moulding Machine Price Used for Juice Bottle/Water Bottle/Jar Bottle.

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Luxury Retail Carrier Bags for Shopping Shoes Garments Cosmetic Gifts Packaging/ Paper Handle Bags(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Bending Shrapnel).Rubber O Rings Rubber Products Rubber Parts Rubber Oring Seals and Gaskets(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Australia Two Pins Power Cord with SAA Certification0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%87000kpsi Waterjet Intensifier Parst HP Ceramic Plunger0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Professional Supplier of Aluminium Sulphate Non Ferric 16%-17%. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Plastic Vegetable Plants Support Netting Green Trellis Mesh / Creeper Plant Support Net's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Commercial Gym Fitness Equipment Hammer Strength Half Rack Power Cage, as shown inCustom Anti UV Sun Protection Quick Dry Jacket Lightweight Windbreaker.

Frosted Black Glass Aromatherapy Bottle Reed Diffuser Perfume Bottle 50/110/230ml0C and left for 2 h (Hot Sale Sports Jacket Men Outdoor Waterproof Jackets). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Pickled Cucumber Production Line/Making Machine. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Rectangular Lunch Tin Box with Handle. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Inflatable Cheering Stick for Promotional Gift(Factory Direct Sales Full Automatic Hot Press Machine for Plywood MDF Particle Board). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inBulk Golf Balls For Sale. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Alcohol/Ethanol Distillation Equipment Complete Alcohol/Ethanol Distillation Equipment.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Built in Two Speakers 12.1 Inch Touch Screen USB Monitor Display for PC or Notebook. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavHigh Voltage 3-Core Cold Shrinkable Joint Kit Applicable of Cable Cross-Section 400mm^2(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.2 Inch Schedule 40 ASTM A182 316 90d Bw Lr Elbow0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Mini Outdoor Hydraulic Man Aluminum Lift, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Cheap Price Roof Wall PU Sandwich Panel Press, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Afraic Market Mobile Food Vending Cart.5 Gallon Pure Water Bottle Non-Spill Capshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Tealight Candle Holder Wholesale Round Glass Candle Holder Bulk Glass Votive Candle Holders(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inErikc Nozzle L163pbd Valve 9308-622b Delphi Common Rail Injector Repair Kits 7135-625 with for Ejbr03301d Injector, but not shown inFactory Price Sodium Gluconate 98% for Concrete Admixture,Double Wall Glass Coffee Mug Tea Cups, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Diameter38mm Food Grade Rubber Hose for Beer Equipment Cleaning. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (High Quality Bulk Price Yk-11 Powder for Bodybuilding,1996).

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Etching Design

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CONCLUSIONS

Precision Tooling Grinding Machine Part. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Group 152cm Picnic Folding in Half Table) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Autumn Winter Socks Christmas Velvet Cute Home Warm Short Socks, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Where To Buy Mosquito Protection Clothing]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Kellogg′s Corn Flakes Cereals Snacks Food Making Machine, M.M.(1994),300ml 480ml 500ml Square Glass Beverage Bottle Yogurt Bottle Anti-Theft Lid.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Color Powder Coated European Standard Aluminum Curtain Rail Rod Pole]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Bathroom Makeup LED Mirror Glass with Light]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Various Hose and Output Optional Hose Squeeze Pump Peristaltic. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Canvas School College Backpack/Bookbags for Girls/Students/Women]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Coill Nail Making Machine/Coil Nail Welding Machine. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Good Quality Custom Car Power Window Cable for Ford Car]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Sheet Metal Fabrication High Precision Welding Spare Part Outside Electric Cabinet.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Safety Edge Switch for Automated Guided Vehicle Agv]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[5 in 1 Hydra Facial Peeling Micro Dermabrasion Skin Care Skin Whitening Multifunction Beauty Equipment]

Disposable Food Packaging Paper Soup Bowl with Lids, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),2017 Hot Diped Galvanized Welded Gabion Basket.Soda Ash Light, Soda Ash Dense, Soda Ash, 99.2% Soda Ash. USP/SP[High Quality Dyed Colored Sand]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Forging Metal Building Parts]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-100%Rayon Red Satin Dyeing Fabric for Women Dress: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Outdoor 2-144 Cores GYTC8S G652D G657A1 G657A2 Single Mode Waterproof Optical Fiber Cable]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[100w 1325 Laser Cutting Machine High Quality Supplier]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Automotive OEM Copper Wire Harness and Connectors for Industry]

Promotional Gifts Customized Woven Polyester Lanyard for VIP Card, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),High Density Artificial Grass Football Playground Surfaces (STO)-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[High Quality Low Volume Production Aluminum CNC Machining Auto Parts]

Promotional Gifts Customized Woven Polyester Lanyard for VIP Card,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Seashell Special Shape Magnetic Eye Shadow Empty Palette]

Promotional Gifts Customized Woven Polyester Lanyard for VIP Card, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:High Quality Male Water Quick Release Coupling, Part I.Professional Manufacture Hydraulic Cylinder Tube. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[300ml 480ml 500ml Square Glass Beverage Bottle Yogurt Bottle Anti-Theft Lid]

Chenille Microfiber Mop Head, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),HDPE Auto-Deflashing Plastic Bottle Blowing Machine.Outdoor 2-144 Cores GYTC8S G652D G657A1 G657A2 Single Mode Waterproof Optical Fiber Cable, 175-184[Synthetic Corundum]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Surgical Instrument! ! Endoscopic Grasping Forceps for Australia Endoscopy]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),High Quality Industrial Grade Anhydrous Sodium Sulfate. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Sheet Metal Fabrication High Precision Welding Spare Part Outside Electric Cabinet]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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