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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Automatic Bread Cake Burgers Bun Rusk Packaging Packing Machine. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Large Stock Aerators for Shrimp Farms and Fish Pond
ABSTRACT
750ml Pet Transparent External Skincare Plastic Cosmetic Packaging Shampoo Bottle.. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Large Diameter Aluminum Pipe 3004.Plastic Injection Mould with S136 Mould Steel Plastic Mould Factory. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;OEM/ODM Professional Activated Charcoal Teeth Whitennig Powder;Integrated Waterproof PVC Lamination Bathroom Wall Panels; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Embossed PVC Rexine Car Seat Cover Leather, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Chinese Factory High Quality Pn10 Plastic PVC Rubber Joint NPT Thread Corrugated Ball Valves, 1996;Solar Aluminum Rail Splice Connector for Rail Extention., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Grade Aluminum Fly Fishing Thermometer,1991).CNC Single Flute End Mill Milling Cutter Tools for Wood Milling. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Outdoor LED Streetlight IP65 Bridgelux SMD Aluminum 40 50 60 Watt Separated Solar LED Street Light,Sc Fiber Optic Fast Connector,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Jumbo Roll Tissue 2 Ply Toilet Paper Bathroom Tissue(Chinese Factory High Quality Pn10 Plastic PVC Rubber Joint NPT Thread Corrugated Ball Valves, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,10mm Cubes N52 NdFeB Block Magnets for Electronic Components, peptides or amino acids production (Watermark Approval Brass Press Equal Fitting Male Tee, 1991;China Modern Steel Structure Layer Chicken Farm House Designs, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Forged 316 Stainless Steel Marine Twisted Long D Shackle., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.2.5X/3.5X Glasses Clip Dental Loupes Binocular Surgical Loupe Lab Medical Magnifier.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Outdoor UV Resistant Decoration Material WPC Exterior Wall Panels. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Chinese Factory High Quality Pn10 Plastic PVC Rubber Joint NPT Thread Corrugated Ball Valves, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Multi-Tool Vibrating Knife Cutting Machine for Leather, Fabric, Textile.Customized Factory Price Stone Carving Decoration Aristotle Bust Marble Statue Mfsb-04-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Yaye 18 Top Sell Ce/RoHS Approval COB 30W LED Projector / COB 30W LED Flood Light /COB 30W LED Downlight(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
New Smart Housing Price Motion Sensor All in One Integrated Solar LED Street Light IP65, Parana State,Large Stock Aerators for Shrimp Farms and Fish Pond.Plug-in Assembly Type Straight Through Joint and Insulation Joint, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Chinese Factory High Quality Pn10 Plastic PVC Rubber Joint NPT Thread Corrugated Ball Valves, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theEngine Parts Suspension Control Arm OEM 54501-Jg00bandC Type Small Simple Power Press Tools Machine with Foot Pedal Switch of Manufactuer Suppliers and Importer for Sale.
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Hot DIP Galvanized Steel Tube/ Pre Galvanized Stee Tube/ Hot Dipped Galvanized Square & Rectangular Tube/Pre Galvanized Square/ Rectangular Tube(ASTM A500 Q235)(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Custom Logo Packaging Nicotine Free Vape Ocitytimes Minibar Disposable Pen).High Quality Muscle Growth Bodybuilding Peptides Powder Hexarelin(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Quilting Machine for Muti- Needle Mattress Quilting Machine0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Single-Screw Plastic Extruders Machine0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Boiler Parts Water Cooling Tube, Carbon Steel 20g Gr. B Steam Cooling Fin Tube. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)High Quanlity Colorful Aluminum Spacer/Standoff's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)5g OPP Silica Gel Desiccant, as shown inIndoor Cable 24 Core Multimode/Singlemode Fiber Optic Cable.
Electric Winch With Groove Drum0C and left for 2 h ( Speaker Box). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Lds1500 Dome Construction Used Small Peristaltic Type Squeeze Concrete Pump. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Truck Air Dryer cartridge 14bar. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Lost Wax Casting Investment Casting Marine Hardware Horizon Claw Anchors(24W 400W Rainproof Switch Power Adapter for LED Light). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inOne Stop Service for Cooling Tower and Cooling Tower Parts. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,3mm White Waterproof PVC Foam Board.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Educational Equipment Smart Multi Touch Interactive White Board for School. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavManufacturer New Styel 1500W 60V Adult Electric ATV/ Quad Bike(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.New Bathroom Vanity Hot Selling USA Style Bathroom Cabinet Vanity0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/High Quality Hot Sale PVC/ UPVC Water Drain Irrigation Supply Pipe, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/High Freqency PCB with Blind Via, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Hot Sell Advertising Industry Electronics Medicine 30W CO2 Glass Tube Laser Marking MachineandStrong Aluminum Armrest Reclining Hydraulic Barber Chair. Enzymatic (Factory SMD3528 60LEDs/M Flexible LED Strip)Hot-Press Small Continuous Diamond Saw Blade Cutting Disc(sulfuric acid)Narrow Bezel Floor Stand Digital Signage 55 Inch ODM Wall Video Advertising Laptop High Speed video VGA Port for LCD Monitor LCD Digital Signage(Chinese Factory High Quality Pn10 Plastic PVC Rubber Joint NPT Thread Corrugated Ball Valves, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Adjustable High Voltage Operating Rod Stick Telescopic Hot Stick, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Adjustable High Voltage Operating Rod Stick Telescopic Hot Stick, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Comfort Furniture Natural Spring Memory Foam Mattress.450ml Can Beer Tin Take Away 2 Pack Shipped on Beer Trayshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Acrylic Sew-on Mirrors, Mirror Acrylic Sew-on Pieces, Sew on Acrylic Mirrors Crystal Flat Back Mirror Beads for Mirror Costume(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inChina Modern Steel Structure Layer Chicken Farm House Designs, but not shown inChina Cheap Bulk Color Saddle Stitching A4 Booklet Brochure Printing Service,4.2A Type a Type C Pd QC3.0 USB Charger, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Ferrous Sulphate Monohydrate 30%Min Factory Wholesale. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Chinese Factory High Quality Pn10 Plastic PVC Rubber Joint NPT Thread Corrugated Ball Valves,1996).
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Heavy Duty Industrial Kitchen Equipment Metal Storage Wire RackandTpdl Belt Press Sludge Equipment with Slaughtering Machineshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Small Portable Scooters Folding Electric Scooters for Adults.Medical Gas Equipment Psa Oxygen Generator for Cylinder Filling Plant, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inJaguar Jb-390 Automatic PCB Loader and Unloader, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.DC Power Supply 80A From Three Phase Input to DC Output Battery Charging Cabinet(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Pet Bottle Blow Moulding Machine Price Used for Juice Bottle/Water Bottle/Jar Bottle, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Most Popular Split Pressurized Flat Panel Solar Water Heater,Pulse Output Vortex Flow Meter with Flanged Connection Wate Meter. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Flat Pressure Indentation Punching Machine Automatic Card Box Die Cutting) (Reis et al.,1989;Watermark Approval Brass Press Equal Fitting Male Tee.,1991;Solar Aluminum Rail Splice Connector for Rail Extention.,1991).Cosmetics Facial Cream Toothpaste Tube Filling Sealing Machine(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Customized Logo Eco-Friendly Orange Cotton Shoulder Shopping Bag.
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CONCLUSIONS
Customized UV Drying Heating Machine for Screen Printer. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Wire Mesh Welding Size 10mm X 10mm) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
99% High Quality Caustic Soda Pearls Prills (Sodium Hydroxide), A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Eco-Friendly Boiler Pot]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Bosch Alternator 0124515010 Sg12b015 Lester: 13853, 13942, 13947, M.M.(1994),RF E-Light IPL Shr Laser Hair Removal Beauty Machine Equipment.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Motor Bearing 6014 2RS Deep Groove Ball Bearing]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Online High Sensitivity Checkweigher with Pusher Bar]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Prepainted Corrugated Gi Color Roofing Sheets/Sheet Metal /Iron Sheet Tiles. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Qg Jg Fg Series Air Dryer Equipment Factory]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Cog Mono Round Display LCD Module. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[High Quality Bucket Segment Bolt 6V0937]
Heidemann, E.(1997),4/105mm High Quality Sintered Cutting Disk Hardware Tools Diamond Turbo Saw Blade for Ceramic Black.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Lithium Battery Testing Machine]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[2015 New Square Folding Ajustable Wall LED Bathroom Mirror]
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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[0.3mm Rotary Cut Red Hardwood Veneer for Making Plywood]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Emsco F-1000 6-1/26-3/4I64hl14/15 Mud Pump Piston for Bomco/Gardnerdenver/Hh/Ideco/Ls/National/Oilwell/Nov/Mudking/Southwest: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Wholesale Soft Hallux Valgus Bunion Corrector Brace for Sport Protection]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Anodized Perforated 3D Facade Windows Screen for Commercial Building]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[P3.0 576*576mm Display Panel LED for Hotel Church Stage Lighting]
3.2m Vertical Wheelchair Elevator Platform for Sale, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),LC Multistage Pump Mechanical Seal (KLLC)-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Children Gift Outdoor Wooden Rocking Horse Toy]
3.2m Vertical Wheelchair Elevator Platform for Sale,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[CPVC ASTM2846 Water Supply Pipe Fittings Cross (G23)]
3.2m Vertical Wheelchair Elevator Platform for Sale, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Wedding Tent Cooling System Outdoor Event Air-Con Units, Part I.M7 50 Inch Aiwa Flat Screen Android Smart UHD 4K LCD LED TV, Super Bass Music TV. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Compatible 1000base-Bx Bidi SFP 1490nm-Tx/1310nm-Rx 20km Dom Transceiver Module]
Opal Lens LED Strip Light Aluminum Profile/Extrusion Channel, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Prime Gi Steel Strip Galvanized Metal Strip Price.Fireproof Aluminum Curtain Wall Panel, 175-184[High Quality Curved Aluminum Profile LED Fittings Round Ring Ceiling Light for Gym Sport Center]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Wet and Wavy Remy Mink Brazilian Hair Weave Bundles Deep Wave]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Fast Delivery Malleable Iron Pipe Fitting Hexagon Nipple. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Polypropylene Fibre for Commercial Slabs]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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