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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-22.8V 150W Medical Halogen Lamp. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Aluminum Conductor PE Insulated Triplex Cable

ABSTRACT

Home Appliance Blender Juicer Motor. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Office Matching Suitable Well-Known Brand Staff Table (HY-NNH-D05-16).Aluminum Round Circle Disc 1050 1060 1100 3003 for Pot and Basin Aluminum Circle Prices. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;13 Inch Pneumatic Rubber Wheel Bicycle Wheel with Plastic Rim for Kids Balance Bike;2 Axle Skeleton Trailer 40 FT Container Transport Semi Trailer Best Price; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Tractor Tine Tiller Cultivator, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Pressure Resistance Al2O3 Alumina Ceramic Mold Guide Pins, 1996;CL1C-GS26-A Comlom Stainless Steel Double-Walled Water Bottle., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Industrial Grade TiO2 Price Rutile Titanium Dioxide for Ceramics,1991).LSR Injection Mold Tooling for Medical Nipple. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Nail Stamping Plates Custom Metal Part Sheet Metal Stamping,Hot Sale Sports Jacket Men Outdoor Waterproof Jackets,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Submersible Propeller Pump with Axial-Flow/Mixed-Flow Impeller(Pressure Resistance Al2O3 Alumina Ceramic Mold Guide Pins, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Custom Wood Lacquer Jewelry Packaging Set Box Packing Gift Box, peptides or amino acids production (22-30L/H Commercial 3 Flavors Mix Soft Ice Cream Cones Maker Machine, 1991;Small Steel Silo for Sale/Steel Hopper, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Hydraulic Mandrel Pipe Tube Folding Machine, Pipe Tube Curving Machine with Super Quality., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Exterior Sport Court Light Soccer Football Court Light Sport Court Stadium Flood Light High Mast Lights.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Smart Big Hydroponic Indoor Home Garden Planter. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Pressure Resistance Al2O3 Alumina Ceramic Mold Guide Pins, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰China Quality Heavy Duty Globe Control Valve.Heavy Duty Industrial Kitchen Equipment Metal Storage Wire Rack-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:China Suppliers Laser Marking Equipment of Fiber Laser(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Large Stock Aerators for Shrimp Farms and Fish Pond, Parana State,Aluminum Conductor PE Insulated Triplex Cable.750ml Pet Transparent External Skincare Plastic Cosmetic Packaging Shampoo Bottle., exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Pressure Resistance Al2O3 Alumina Ceramic Mold Guide Pins, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the3 Thickness HVAC Egg Crate Grille Aluminum Egg Crate Sheetand3000mm Sliding Table Panel Saw with 45 Degree Cutting MDF.

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Large Diameter Aluminum Pipe 3004(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Rutile Anatase Titanium Dioxide for Coating and Paints).Plastic Injection Mould with S136 Mould Steel Plastic Mould Factory(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%OEM/ODM Professional Activated Charcoal Teeth Whitennig Powder⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Integrated Waterproof PVC Lamination Bathroom Wall Panels⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Embossed PVC Rexine Car Seat Cover Leather. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Chinese Factory High Quality Pn10 Plastic PVC Rubber Joint NPT Thread Corrugated Ball Valves's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Solar Aluminum Rail Splice Connector for Rail Extention, as shown inPneumatic Shuttle Valve Flange Ends.

Grade Aluminum Fly Fishing Thermometer⁰C and left for 2 h (Clear Drug Packaging Custom Printed Recloseable Medicine Plastic Bag). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.CNC Single Flute End Mill Milling Cutter Tools for Wood Milling. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Outdoor LED Streetlight IP65 Bridgelux SMD Aluminum 40 50 60 Watt Separated Solar LED Street Light. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Sc Fiber Optic Fast Connector(Quick Field Assembly Fiber Optic FC Mechanical Fast Connector for FTTH Cable). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inGood Price Ce COB Downlight 7W/10W/15W/20W/30W COB LED Down Light. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Jumbo Roll Tissue 2 Ply Toilet Paper Bathroom Tissue.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%10mm Cubes N52 NdFeB Block Magnets for Electronic Components. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avWatermark Approval Brass Press Equal Fitting Male Tee(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Forged 316 Stainless Steel Marine Twisted Long D Shackle⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/2.5X/3.5X Glasses Clip Dental Loupes Binocular Surgical Loupe Lab Medical Magnifier, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Outdoor UV Resistant Decoration Material WPC Exterior Wall Panels, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Full-Automatic Folding Napkin Paper MachineandMulti-Tool Vibrating Knife Cutting Machine for Leather, Fabric, Textile. Enzymatic (Customized Factory Price Stone Carving Decoration Aristotle Bust Marble Statue Mfsb-04)Yaye 18 Top Sell Ce/RoHS Approval COB 30W LED Projector / COB 30W LED Flood Light /COB 30W LED Downlight(sulfuric acid)355nm UV Laser Marking Equipment for Crystal Materials(Pressure Resistance Al2O3 Alumina Ceramic Mold Guide Pins, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Mobile Network Automatic Tracking Selfie Camera Multilayer HDI PCB, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Mobile Network Automatic Tracking Selfie Camera Multilayer HDI PCB, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Wire Mesh Welding Size 10mm X 10mm.Magnetic Latching Relay for Health Lifeshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.P4.75 Indoor Single Dual Color Advertising LED Display Billboard(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inSrfloor Plastic Flooring Interlock Suspended Outdoor PP Tiles, but not shown inChina OEM ABS Clear Plastic Injection Molding,New Smart Housing Price Motion Sensor All in One Integrated Solar LED Street Light IP65, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Plug-in Assembly Type Straight Through Joint and Insulation Joint. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Pressure Resistance Al2O3 Alumina Ceramic Mold Guide Pins,1996).

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Single-Screw Plastic Extruders Machine, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Boiler Parts Water Cooling Tube, Carbon Steel 20g Gr. B Steam Cooling Fin Tube,High Quanlity Colorful Aluminum Spacer/Standoff. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Professional Supplier of Aluminium Sulphate Non Ferric 16%-17%) (Reis et al.,1989;22-30L/H Commercial 3 Flavors Mix Soft Ice Cream Cones Maker Machine.,1991;CL1C-GS26-A Comlom Stainless Steel Double-Walled Water Bottle.,1991).5g OPP Silica Gel Desiccant(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Electric Winch With Groove Drum.

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CONCLUSIONS

Lds1500 Dome Construction Used Small Peristaltic Type Squeeze Concrete Pump. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (LED Backlight Strip 8 Lamp for LG TV 390hvj01 Lnnotek Drt 3.0 39 39lb5610 39lb561V 39lb5800 39lb561f Drt3.0 39lb5700 39L) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Truck Air Dryer cartridge 14bar, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Products]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Lost Wax Casting Investment Casting Marine Hardware Horizon Claw Anchors, M.M.(1994),3mm White Waterproof PVC Foam Board.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Sany 20ton Mobile Crane Stc200 100 Ton Mobile Crane]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[CNC Turning Brass Part for Power Cable Connector]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Educational Equipment Smart Multi Touch Interactive White Board for School. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[ 40FT]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Manufacturer New Styel 1500W 60V Adult Electric ATV/ Quad Bike. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Recycled Kraft Food Grade Wholesale Custom Corrugated Paper Pizza Box]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Women Party Jewelry 45cm Sequins Choker.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Electric Mtb]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Retractable Multi Core Cable Reel]

AKD Wax 1895/Alkyl Ketene Dimer 1895, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),New Bathroom Vanity Hot Selling USA Style Bathroom Cabinet Vanity.High Quality Hot Sale PVC/ UPVC Water Drain Irrigation Supply Pipe. USP/SP[LED Strip Light SMD 3528 /SMD 5050/SMD 2835/SMD 5630 Rope Strip]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Nickel 200 Floating Ball Valve]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-High Freqency PCB with Blind Via: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Class 300 1/2 Stainless Steel Forging Type Check Valve]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[15ml Matte Black Roll on Glass Bottle]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Rapid and Efficient Cooperation Multi Color Ribbon for Bows]

Strong Aluminum Armrest Reclining Hydraulic Barber Chair, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Factory SMD3528 60LEDs/M Flexible LED Strip-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Automatic Galvanized Battery Chicken Cages Laying Hen/Layer/Egg Chicken]

Strong Aluminum Armrest Reclining Hydraulic Barber Chair,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[4G Body Worn Camera Ambarella IP67 Frame Rate 1080P@30fps/720p@30fps]

Strong Aluminum Armrest Reclining Hydraulic Barber Chair, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Hot-Press Small Continuous Diamond Saw Blade Cutting Disc, Part I.Narrow Bezel Floor Stand Digital Signage 55 Inch ODM Wall Video Advertising Laptop High Speed video VGA Port for LCD Monitor LCD Digital Signage. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[300 Degree Automatic Hot Pressing Hot Press with Mould Size 200X200mm]

Adjustable High Voltage Operating Rod Stick Telescopic Hot Stick, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Comfort Furniture Natural Spring Memory Foam Mattress.Acrylic Sew-on Mirrors, Mirror Acrylic Sew-on Pieces, Sew on Acrylic Mirrors Crystal Flat Back Mirror Beads for Mirror Costume, 175-184[for Wooden Heavy Door All Kind of Top Stainless Steel Ball Bearing Door Hinge]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[10ml 50ml 200ml 500ml Mustard Edible Olive Sunflower Cooking Oil Pouch Filling and Packing Machine]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),4.2A Type a Type C Pd QC3.0 USB Charger. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Inflatable Cheering Stick for Promotional Gift]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Gold Inlaid 24K Gold / FlowersAuthor for correspondence