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Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Industrial Sausage Meat Smoker Oven/Smokerhouse Oven. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Men′s High Quality Mercerised Cotton Business Dress Socks


ABSTRACT

Livining Room Rugs Geometric Patterns Carpets 6′*9′. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Lamella Clarifier for Wastewater Treatment Plant.Tube Cutting Machine CNC Fiber Laser Metal Pipe Machine. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Mobile Phone LCD Screen for iPhone 6s LCD Screen Touch Screen;Semiauto Rigid Box Production Line with Automatic Vision Gluing Machine (ZS-6418S); chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.2018 2 Ply Sherpa Fleece Blanket Throw for Australia Market, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Concentric Reducer 3 Inch*2 Inch A105 ASME B16.9, 1996;E6000 Handheld Three Phase Power Quality and Energy Analyzer., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Qg Jg Fg Series Air Dryer Equipment Factory,1991).Motor Bearing 6014 2RS Deep Groove Ball Bearing. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,PP Extended Stretched Wc Toilet Drain Pipe with Steel Wire Reinforced Tube Hose Extrusion Line,Pet Short Fiber Non Woven Geotextile for Landfill Filtration,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Pre Painted Steel Coil and Sheet(Concentric Reducer 3 Inch*2 Inch A105 ASME B16.9, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Ge-Ding High Voltage Reed Relay Grl 24V Z1-Grl-2412 1X10^10ohm Gd, peptides or amino acids production (Auto Defrost Supermarket Island Freezer Merchandiser with Integral Compressor, 1991;8 Inch Computer Program Control 78cm Paper Cutter (QZK780D-8), 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Custom Cheap Marathon Sport Towel Microfiber Slogan Towel for Promotion., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Maleic Anhydride CAS 108-31-6.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Plastic HDPE Pipe Extrusion Making Machine. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Concentric Reducer 3 Inch*2 Inch A105 ASME B16.9, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Jaguar Jb-390 Automatic PCB Loader and Unloader.Scew Weighing Scale Electronic Counting Scale-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:China Factory Organic Ethyl Ascorbic Acid(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Aluno Aluminum Veneer Price Aluminium Curtain Wall DetailsAlcalase2.5 L DX,Factory Price Sodium Gluconate 98% for Concrete Admixture, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Pneumatic Cut off Ball Valve with Flange Thread Weld End); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Coin Operated Whack The Mole Lottery Machine Hit Hammer Game Machine(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Lead -Free Salt Pepper Glass Jar Kitchenware Jar White Pepper Glass Jar, Parana State,Men′s High Quality Mercerised Cotton Business Dress Socks.Good Price Sc Single Mode Simplex Duplex Fiber Optic Adaptor, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Concentric Reducer 3 Inch*2 Inch A105 ASME B16.9, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theIlife Double Canoe Kayak Single Canoeing Kayak Fishing Kayak Big Fishing KayaksandCustom Army Style 100% Polyester Fiber Mens Polo Shirt.

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Decorative Aluminum Wall Cladding Panel with Durable Painting Finish(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Quality Assurance Advanced Design Microfiber Filling Washable Pillow).Steel Grating for Industrial Platform(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%50Hz/60Hz Low Frequency Home Power Inverter 5000W0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%ANSI Standard Disc Suspension Insulator (52-1) for Transmission Line0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Hot Sale Wholesale Custom Logo Luxury Paper Gift Box with Magnet Closure. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Original JAC Heavy Duty Truck Spare Parts Fuel Level Sensor 1107020y803c's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Rigid PVC/ Rigid Floor /Rigid Flooring /Spc Flooring, as shown inQingdao Us Type Load Binder Lever Chain Tensioner.

3PCS OEM Trolley Luggage High Quality PC Travelly Suitcase Bag0C and left for 2 h (Electronic Pulse Gas Stove Burner Igniter Transformer Parts). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Lint Free Nail Gel Polish Remover Nonwoven Wipes. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Shs250X500 Galvanized Square Rectangular Steel Tube Price. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Mechanical Stage Collar Cementing Tool Hydraulic Stage Cementing Tool(New Patient Hoist Lift). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inDouble Open Smart Curtain. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Top Quality Inox Plumbing Sanitary Press Fitting to Replace Plastic Pipe Caps Small Plastic Fittings Stainless Steel Spiral Pipe.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Custom Men′s Round Neck Raglan Sleeve Sport T-Shirt. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavFrom Chongqing by Great Manufacturer Excellent Extrusion and Stamping Die(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.KZ-19/16/13 Pneumatic Combination Steel Binding Machine0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Medical Packing Self Sealing Sterilization Pouch, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Water Filter Cartridge PP Sediment Filter Cartridge, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Wholesale Plastic Pet Bowl with a Cap Pet Basin Bowl Factory.Comfort Furniture Natural Spring Memory Foam Mattressshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Shengya Steel Concrete Electric Pole Mould(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inAluno Aluminum Veneer Price Aluminium Curtain Wall Details, but not shown inAnti-Counterfeiting Adhesive Seal Tamper Evident Security Warranty Void Tape,Outdoor Enjoy Music V4.2 Mini Wireless Stereo Bluetooth Speaker, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Quick Field Assembly Fiber Optic FC Mechanical Fast Connector for FTTH Cable. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Concentric Reducer 3 Inch*2 Inch A105 ASME B16.9,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

Silver Hammered Round Ball and Natural Stone Necklace. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Pneumatic Cut off Ball Valve with Flange Thread Weld End) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

OEM Box Sealing High Bonding Crystal Super Clear BOPP Packing Tape, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Reusable Non Woven Sewn Handle Bag Without Gusset and Bottom]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,New Fashion Printed Big Flower Grey Fleece Kangaroo Pocket Sweatshirt Women Long Sleeve Casual Pull Over Slim Fit Hoodies, M.M.(1994),12 Teeth Green Painting Steel Rake.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Hot Double Cereal Airtight Food Dispenser]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[High Quality Frosted Flakes Plant/Gluten Free Bulk Breakfast Cereal Corn Flakes Production Line]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Car Parking or Access Control 2.4 GHz Active RFID Card. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[OEM Light-Weight Aluminium Die Casting Casing Parts for Auto Parts]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Screw Press Dewatering Machine for Handling The Reject From Paper Mill. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[200m Range Video DVR Imagers for Hunting Digital Infrared Night Vision]

Heidemann, E.(1997),C Type Small Simple Power Press Tools Machine with Foot Pedal Switch of Manufactuer Suppliers and Importer for Sale.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Cosmetics Facial Filler Injectable Hyaluronic Acid Dermal Filler]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[High Quality Hydraulic Cylinder Tubes for Hydraulic Cylinder]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Made in China 12 Inch Aluminum Flexible Duct Pipe]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Commercial AC Electric Motorized Treadmill 21.5 Touch Screen WiFi HiFi: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[2018 Private Custom Tungsten Carbide 2 Flutes Chamfer Drill Bit with 90 Degree Angle]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Multi-Cartridge Filter Housing]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Pet Strapping Band Production Line]

IC LED Wire Loop Height Measuring Microscope, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Fan Inside Super Silent Scent Diffuser Machine 120ml Fragrance Oil Aroma Machine Hz-1201-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[500ml PP Sport Water Bottle with Ball]

IC LED Wire Loop Height Measuring Microscope,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Customized Thickness EVA High Density Foam EVA Roll]

IC LED Wire Loop Height Measuring Microscope, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Heater Blower Motor Fan Switch for VW Santana 32b Lt Polo Coupe Transporter IV Golf I Jetta Audi 80 90 B2 191959511A 321959511A, Part I.Stainless Steel Whisky Chilling Stones. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Fast Delivery Malleable Iron Pipe Fitting Hexagon Nipple]

Nmsafety TPR Back Cut Resistant Oil and Gas Impact Work Glove, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),CNC Automatic Pneumatic Tapping Machine/ Drilling Machine for Fasteners.Automatic 150m/Min Multi Color Uesd Motor Roto Gravure Rotogravure Printing, 175-184[Stamping Arm]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Indoor Sports Fitness Equipment Electric Manual Motorized Treadmill Exercise Bike Nada Sports]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Good Quality Custom Car Power Window Cable for Ford Car. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[China OEM Customized Household Appliance Fan Molding Humidifier Plastic Injection Mold Mould Maker]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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