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Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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ABSTRACT

Small Tin Box for Condoms. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Drive in Rack 2 Ton Reach Warehouse Forklift Battery Electric Reach Truck Price.Petrochemical Loading Platform Folding Stairs. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;64mm Double Braid UHMWPE Tugboat Mooring Rope;Rubber Soles Vulcanizing Machine/ Press Machine; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Central Tube GYXTW 4 Core Singlemode Fiber Optic Cable, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Hot Sell Electro Hydraulic Synchronous CNC Press Brake Kcn-30032, 1996;AISI 304 / 316 Stainless Steel Braided PTFE Hose Pipe., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (40mm (1-5/8′′) Carbide Oscillating Finger Grisp Rasp Tool Blade,1991).UV Protected Fireproof Fresh PE Plastic Artificial Fake Green Wall Plant Panel Bushes Leaf Foliage Flower Privacy Vertical Garden Hedge Grass Fence Screen. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Forged Steel Pressure Sealed Bonnet Globe Valve,Stable Adjustable Monitor Mounts Folding LCD Monitor Stand,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,CL2T-CBL06 Comlom Stainless Steel Pocket Multi Tool Pliers for Camping(Hot Sell Electro Hydraulic Synchronous CNC Press Brake Kcn-30032, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Eco-Friendly Food Grade Reusable Silicone Straight Straw for Drinking with Brush, peptides or amino acids production (Manual Double Bridge Glass Cutting Table Machine (JFQG-2620), 1991;2018 New Design Red-CNC-006 CNC Machining Aluminum Precision, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;China Factory Price Hg1 Self Adjustable Pipe Tank Rotator., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.High Quality Crawler Excavator Track Bolt 3p2274.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-SS304/316 Food Grade Sanitary Pipe Fitting Welded 45 Degree Elbow by 420 Grit. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Hot Sell Electro Hydraulic Synchronous CNC Press Brake Kcn-30032, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Automatic CNC Centerless Lathe for Peeling Steel Round Bar.High Quality 7FT Boundary Wall Fence Design Diamond Mesh Metal Fence-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Ck6150 High Precision Metal Machining Horizontal CNC Lathe(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Fire Protection Red Painted Ductile Iron Grooved Pipe FittingAlcalase2.5 L DX,Common Code Choke, Inductor, Line Filter, Ring Coil, Inductor, Choke Coil, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-High Efficiency Pure Sine Wave DC12V AC220V 1500W Power Inverter); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Factory Custom Round Aluminum Tube 5154 5454 5652 5086(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Newest Adjustable Decline Bench Flat Weight Bench for Wholesales, Parana State,New Powder Spray Booth for Metal Furniture.PVC Wood Grain Decorative Sheet, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Hot Sell Electro Hydraulic Synchronous CNC Press Brake Kcn-30032, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theYutong Bus Parts Ceiling Diffuser Vent Air Louver Vent Air Diffuser Vent Air Diffuser Ceiling Vent Slot Diffuser VentandFull Viton Coated Half Shaft Wafer Butterfly Valve.

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Professional Ebony Wood Clarinet Bb Like Buffet Manufacturer(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Nail Stamping Plates Custom Metal Part Sheet Metal Stamping).LED UV Portable Toothbrush Sterilizer(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Precision Plastic Products, Auto Parts, Injection Moulds, Injection Molding0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%American NEMA Straight Blade Plug 30A 125V/250V Power Plug0C for 2 h. After this treatment,10in 1500lb Pressure Seal Forged Steel Swing Check Valve. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Custom Printed/Embossed Black Earring Packaging Cards's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Mug Printing Machine Heat Press Promotion Brazil, as shown inSpinning Spin Exercise Bike Fitness Equipment Cross Fit Elliptical Trainer Crosstrainer with Seat.

Automotive OEM Copper Wire Harness and Connectors for Industry0C and left for 2 h (Seasoned Cast Iron South Africa Three Legged Potjie Pot). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Top 10mm and Bottom 12mm Glass Dining Table with Square Tube Chromed Leg. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,En71 Approval Hand Contral Plastic Fan Mini Fan for Summer (10189692). Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'LED Assembly Wave Soldering Machine Price, SMT Machine Wave Soldering(Railway Interior Seating Car for Coach/Lrt/Metro/Emu/Subway). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inAdjustable Gas Tube Oil Inside Spring with Release Mechanism 200n. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,PE Jacket Sm G652D 12 Fibers Armored Fiber Optic Cable.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%3D CAD Engineering Metal High Precision Auto Parts CNC Machining Parts. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavOriginal Brand New Classical Small Mobile Phone for Nokia E52 Cell Phone(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Stainless Steel Fruit Seed Extractor Fruit Seed Remove Machine Passion Fruit Pulping Machine0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/4G Body Worn Camera Ambarella IP67 Frame Rate 1080P@30fps/720p@30fps, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Best Price Aluminium Sulphate for Water Treatment, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

110V 220V Adult Toy Soft Silicone Female Magic Wand VibratorandHot Sale Loading Truck with Cummins Engine. Enzymatic (Solid Surface Lowes Bathroom Countertops/Acrylic Solid Surface Sheets)50kg Soya Bean Seed PP Woven Bags Sacks(sulfuric acid)Iron Wire Dry Type Straight Line Wire Drawing Machine(Hot Sell Electro Hydraulic Synchronous CNC Press Brake Kcn-30032, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Guangzhou Canton Fair Foshan Furniture Market Aluminium Furniture Profile, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Guangzhou Canton Fair Foshan Furniture Market Aluminium Furniture Profile, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Barricade Tape.New Design Many Styles Fancy Wine Display Rack (6532)shows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.High Brightness White Color IP20 SMD5050 Chip 30LEDs 7.2W DC24V LED Strip(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inPA PC PBT Pet Plastic Svmd 3-in-1 Dehumidifying Dryer, but not shown inEuropean Hotel Decorative Natual Shell Square Standing Floor Lamp,Fully Automatic Industrial Microwave Dehydrator, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Air Compressor Storage Tank Air Compressor Receiver Air Tank (300L). The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Hot Sell Electro Hydraulic Synchronous CNC Press Brake Kcn-30032,1996).

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Hot Sale High Speed Mixer Blender for Extruder MachineandInfant Apparel Coat Toddler Children′s Product Clothes 1-3 Years Oldshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Oral Thermometer.Mobile Computer Workstation Dual Monitors 10-24 Height Adjustment (PC 1602BAS), and another peak at 45 mL not shown inPMMA / Acrylic Panel From Leading Manufacturer for Building/Decoration Material, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Wood Fireplace Double Skin Chimney Flue Pipes(Condell et al.,1993) .

HEXAGONAL MESH

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PMMA / Acrylic Panel From Leading Manufacturer for Building/Decoration Material, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.High Sensitivity Ground Metal Detector Searching for Treasure,Aluminium Profile Bending Machine for Insulating Glass. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (New Bathroom Vanity Hot Selling USA Style Bathroom Cabinet Vanity) (Reis et al.,1989;Manual Double Bridge Glass Cutting Table Machine (JFQG-2620).,1991;AISI 304 / 316 Stainless Steel Braided PTFE Hose Pipe.,1991).Stainless Steel Standard Type Steel Hexagon Socket Head Cap Screws(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,304 Thick Wall Pressure Vessel Heat Exchanger Pipe.

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CONCLUSIONS

High Quality Betaine Anhydrous with Best Price107-43-7. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (High Efficiency Pure Sine Wave DC12V AC220V 1500W Power Inverter) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

FM1108 Chip Bulk Blank Magnetic Stripe RFID PVC Cards, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Oem Manufacturer Plastic Product]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Extra Heavy Wall Thickness Seamless Tubes, M.M.(1994),Shrink Sleeves Labels for Packaging Labeling.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Maleic Anhydride CAS 108-31-6]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Color Coated Aluminum Coil/PPGI/PPGL/Gi/Gl and Roofing Sheets 3003 3004]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-IP65 Canopy LED Light Fixture 150W LED Gas Station Light. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[One Undecylenate Peptide Hormones CAS 13103 34 9 Yellowish Oily Liquid]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Plastic Mould Dongguan Molding Factory. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Replica Car Wheels with 20inch for BMW Car]

Heidemann, E.(1997),OEM/ODM 86 Inch Smart Board IR Iwb Interactive Whiteboard LED LCD Screen for Education and Meetings.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Fr-218 Kun Shan Furi Quality Slitting Rewinding Machine for BOPP/Paper/Film]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Hospital ICU Portable Electric Injection Syringe Pump Ce ISO Approval]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Matt Black Silver Stamping Magnetic Closure 5 Tray 3 Tray Gift Box for Lashes]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-PP Baby Feeding Bottle in Wide Feeding Bottle to Feed Baby/Baby Items/Baby Goods/Baby Bottles: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[High Quality Good Design Custom Made Cheap Recycle Paper Bags]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Men′s Shoes Low Upper Board Shoes White Shoes Korean Edition Fashion Men′s Leisure Shoes Coloured Leather Shoes]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[240*375*25mm Rectangle Galvanized Steel Access Panel for Air Duct Maintenance Cleaning]

Good Quality Banded Type Tee, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Beautiful Hair Styling Plastic Comb Sweep Brush Hair Brush for Girls-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Automatic Liquid Juice Stick Sachet Ice Lolly Pop Packing Machine]

Good Quality Banded Type Tee,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Customized UV Drying Heating Machine for Screen Printer]

Good Quality Banded Type Tee, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Erikc Nozzle L163pbd Valve 9308-622b Delphi Common Rail Injector Repair Kits 7135-625 with for Ejbr03301d Injector, Part I.Bianco Carrara Marble, Italy White Stone Marble for Slabs, Tiles. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[China Supplier Solar LED Street Light Price Ce RoHS (SX-TYN-LD-15)]

Rugged Construction Material for Steel Screens for Platforms and Floor Channels., J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),FKM Rubber Gasket/Rubber O Rings in China.Inclined Waste Water Treatment Lamella Clarifier, 175-184[8 Holes Flange]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[High Brightness White Color IP20 SMD5050 Chip 30LEDs 7.2W DC24V LED Strip]

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Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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