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ABSTRACT

Tractor Tine Tiller Cultivator. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Pressure Resistance Al2O3 Alumina Ceramic Mold Guide Pins.CL1C-GS26-A Comlom Stainless Steel Double-Walled Water Bottle. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Nail Stamping Plates Custom Metal Part Sheet Metal Stamping, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Hot Sale Sports Jacket Men Outdoor Waterproof Jackets, 1996;Submersible Propeller Pump with Axial-Flow/Mixed-Flow Impeller., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Custom Wood Lacquer Jewelry Packaging Set Box Packing Gift Box,1991).22-30L/H Commercial 3 Flavors Mix Soft Ice Cream Cones Maker Machine. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Small Steel Silo for Sale/Steel Hopper,Hydraulic Mandrel Pipe Tube Folding Machine, Pipe Tube Curving Machine with Super Quality,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Exterior Sport Court Light Soccer Football Court Light Sport Court Stadium Flood Light High Mast Lights(Hot Sale Sports Jacket Men Outdoor Waterproof Jackets, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Smart Big Hydroponic Indoor Home Garden Planter, peptides or amino acids production (China Quality Heavy Duty Globe Control Valve, 1991;Heavy Duty Industrial Kitchen Equipment Metal Storage Wire Rack, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;China Suppliers Laser Marking Equipment of Fiber Laser., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Bonfiglioli Ta Series Helical Gearing Gearbox.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Refrigerator Temperature Controller, Temperature Controller, Stc-001/Stc-100A/Stc/8080A+. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Hot Sale Sports Jacket Men Outdoor Waterproof Jackets, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰LED Backlight Strip 8 Lamp for LG TV 390hvj01 Lnnotek Drt 3.0 39 39lb5610 39lb561V 39lb5800 39lb561f Drt3.0 39lb5700 39L.Automatic Bread Cake Burgers Bun Rusk Packaging Packing Machine-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Large Stock Aerators for Shrimp Farms and Fish Pond(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Integrated Waterproof PVC Lamination Bathroom Wall Panels, Parana State,2 Axle Skeleton Trailer 40 FT Container Transport Semi Trailer Best Price.Embossed PVC Rexine Car Seat Cover Leather, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Hot Sale Sports Jacket Men Outdoor Waterproof Jackets, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theInsulation Anti Earthquake Exterior Wall Foam BoardandYcom USB Charger and Data Cable with Aluminum for Type C.

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Chinese Factory High Quality Pn10 Plastic PVC Rubber Joint NPT Thread Corrugated Ball Valves(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Custom Made Restaurant Furniture Artificial Stone Round Coffee Dining Table (190827)).Solar Aluminum Rail Splice Connector for Rail Extention(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Grade Aluminum Fly Fishing Thermometer⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%CNC Single Flute End Mill Milling Cutter Tools for Wood Milling⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Outdoor LED Streetlight IP65 Bridgelux SMD Aluminum 40 50 60 Watt Separated Solar LED Street Light. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Sc Fiber Optic Fast Connector's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Jumbo Roll Tissue 2 Ply Toilet Paper Bathroom Tissue, as shown inSingle Sphere Rubber Expansion Joint.

10mm Cubes N52 NdFeB Block Magnets for Electronic Components⁰C and left for 2 h (White Pattern Acrylic Sheet for Decoration Produced by Senpu). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Watermark Approval Brass Press Equal Fitting Male Tee. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,China Modern Steel Structure Layer Chicken Farm House Designs. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Forged 316 Stainless Steel Marine Twisted Long D Shackle(China Spplier 70W Solar Street Light with Camera Monitoring System). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in235PCS Professional Tool Chest Kit. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,2.5X/3.5X Glasses Clip Dental Loupes Binocular Surgical Loupe Lab Medical Magnifier.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Outdoor UV Resistant Decoration Material WPC Exterior Wall Panels. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avMulti-Tool Vibrating Knife Cutting Machine for Leather, Fabric, Textile(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Yaye 18 Top Sell Ce/RoHS Approval COB 30W LED Projector / COB 30W LED Flood Light /COB 30W LED Downlight⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/355nm UV Laser Marking Equipment for Crystal Materials, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Mobile Network Automatic Tracking Selfie Camera Multilayer HDI PCB, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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High Quality Muscle Growth Bodybuilding Peptides Powder Hexarelin.Custom Army Style 100% Polyester Fiber Mens Polo Shirtshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Quilting Machine for Muti- Needle Mattress Quilting Machine(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inChina Manufacturer Custom Stainless Steel CNC High Precision Linear Shaft, but not shown inQuality Assurance Advanced Design Microfiber Filling Washable Pillow,Single-Screw Plastic Extruders Machine, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Boiler Parts Water Cooling Tube, Carbon Steel 20g Gr. B Steam Cooling Fin Tube. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Hot Sale Sports Jacket Men Outdoor Waterproof Jackets,1996).

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Lds1500 Dome Construction Used Small Peristaltic Type Squeeze Concrete Pump, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Truck Air Dryer cartridge 14bar,Lost Wax Casting Investment Casting Marine Hardware Horizon Claw Anchors. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Aluno Aluminum Veneer Price Aluminium Curtain Wall Details) (Reis et al.,1989;China Quality Heavy Duty Globe Control Valve.,1991;Submersible Propeller Pump with Axial-Flow/Mixed-Flow Impeller.,1991).3mm White Waterproof PVC Foam Board(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Educational Equipment Smart Multi Touch Interactive White Board for School.

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CONCLUSIONS

Manufacturer New Styel 1500W 60V Adult Electric ATV/ Quad Bike. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Plastic Injection Mould with S136 Mould Steel Plastic Mould Factory) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Women Party Jewelry 45cm Sequins Choker, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Interactive flat panel 86"]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,New Bathroom Vanity Hot Selling USA Style Bathroom Cabinet Vanity, M.M.(1994),High Quality Hot Sale PVC/ UPVC Water Drain Irrigation Supply Pipe.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[CNC Grinding Machining Parts High Precision]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Tunnel Boring Machine Spare Parts Tbm Disc Cutter Ring]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-High Freqency PCB with Blind Via. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Outdoor Enjoy Music V4.2 Mini Wireless Stereo Bluetooth Speaker]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Strong Aluminum Armrest Reclining Hydraulic Barber Chair. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[High Quality and Efficient Combustion UHP Graphite Electrode]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Factory SMD3528 60LEDs/M Flexible LED Strip.Leder 48,(5),99-104[New Condition and No Need Provided Overseas After-Sales Service Provided Heat Shrink Tunnel]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Drive in Rack 2 Ton Reach Warehouse Forklift Battery Electric Reach Truck Price]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Embossed Wood Grain Decorative PVC Sheet for PS MDF PVC Metal]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Adjustable High Voltage Operating Rod Stick Telescopic Hot Stick: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Hot Double Cereal Airtight Food Dispenser]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[www.ycycauto.com]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[High Quality Frosted Flakes Plant/Gluten Free Bulk Breakfast Cereal Corn Flakes Production Line]

Comfort Furniture Natural Spring Memory Foam Mattress, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Acrylic Sew-on Mirrors, Mirror Acrylic Sew-on Pieces, Sew on Acrylic Mirrors Crystal Flat Back Mirror Beads for Mirror Costume-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[OEM Light-Weight Aluminium Die Casting Casing Parts for Auto Parts]

Comfort Furniture Natural Spring Memory Foam Mattress,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[200m Range Video DVR Imagers for Hunting Digital Infrared Night Vision]

Comfort Furniture Natural Spring Memory Foam Mattress, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:4.2A Type a Type C Pd QC3.0 USB Charger, Part I.Ferrous Sulphate Monohydrate 30%Min Factory Wholesale. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[High Quality Hydraulic Cylinder Tubes for Hydraulic Cylinder]

Small Portable Scooters Folding Electric Scooters for Adults, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Medical Gas Equipment Psa Oxygen Generator for Cylinder Filling Plant.DC Power Supply 80A From Three Phase Input to DC Output Battery Charging Cabinet, 175-184[Arc Welding Machine Accessories]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[High Flex Mdr 26 to SDR 26 Power Over Cable with Thumbscrews Locking and PVC Jacket]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Pet Bottle Blow Moulding Machine Price Used for Juice Bottle/Water Bottle/Jar Bottle. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Made in China 12 Inch Aluminum Flexible Duct Pipe]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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