ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Carbide Mould Parts Moulding Parts. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Compression Mens Customized Gym Shorts Sportswear

ABSTRACT

Hot Sale Prime Hot Dipped Galvanized Steel Coil/Band/Tape/Strip. After enzymatic hydrolysis,99.8% High Aluminium Oxide Low Na2o Calcined Alumina Powder.Plastic Anti-Static PMMA Transparent Coated Lenses Sheet Making Machine Extruder. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;P10 P16 P20 DIP Full Front Service Waterproof LED Panel Display;Electric Furniture Lift; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Roller Shutter Slat and Panel Manufacturer and Complete Roller Shutter, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Customized Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Cabinet Fabrication Electrical Cabinet, 1996;Construction Material Hoist Rack and Pinion., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (3000lb Small Boat Marine Electric Trailer Winch Power-in, Power-out,1991).Utl Supply Phoenix Contact Cage Clamp Dinrail Terminal Blocks. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Diamond Circular Tct Saw Blade for Cutting Wood/Marble Stone/Metal,2018 Classic New Design Metal Optical Glasses Men and Women Reading Eyeglasses,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,High Quality Endoscopic Surgical Adult Disposable Bite Block(Customized Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Cabinet Fabrication Electrical Cabinet, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,China OEM ABS Clear Plastic Injection Molding, peptides or amino acids production (Widely Use 32 Cavities Pet Preform Water Bottle Mould, 1991;Black Powder Coated Steel Sheet Metal Housing, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Alloy Steel Hot Forged 4140 42CrMo4 4340 Forging Ring., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Hot Sell 100% Seal Hexagon Glass Jam Jar.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Metal Parts Stamping, Stamped Brass Shrapnel,   Brass Connect Stamping, Electronic Connection Piece Metal Stamped Part, Copper, Brass Connect Stamping. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Customized Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Cabinet Fabrication Electrical Cabinet, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰High Quality Stacking Plastic Crystal Bar Stool Chiavari Napoloen Chair.Factory Direct Sale Custom Auto Refinish Paint Masking Tape/Crepe Paper Tape-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Heavy Caliber Copper Rectangular Steel Tube(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Black Plastic GRP FRP PE Pipe Fitting for Water Supply, Parana State,Compression Mens Customized Gym Shorts Sportswear.2194230012 for Mercedes Benz Auto Spare Parts Brake Disc, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Customized Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Cabinet Fabrication Electrical Cabinet, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theWholesale Long Lasting Custom Private Label Glitter Lip GlossandBending Shrapnel.

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Precision Casting Factory Foundry OEM Ductile Iron Sand Casting(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Hot Sale Sports Jacket Men Outdoor Waterproof Jackets).Hot Sale Electrical Motors Small for Home Appliance(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%PE PVC Profile Extruder PE PP Profile Extrusion Machine Plastic Profile Extrusion Line⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Bending Shrapnel⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,12V Car Cigarette Lighter Adapter Power Extension Cord. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Lab Horizontal Bead Mill for Paint, Ink, Pigment, Agrochemicals's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Water Bed, Water Slide, Water Roller for Indoor Playground, as shown inFactory Direct Sales Full Automatic Hot Press Machine for Plywood MDF Particle Board.

Besen Portable EV Fast Charger  with Schuko Plug⁰C and left for 2 h (Wholesale Pyrex Heating Water Bottle Cold with Stainless Steel Lid). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Full Automatic Weighing Bag Packing Machine for Jelly/Medicinal Materials. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,1/2′′ X 4feet Hot Dipped Galvanized Welded Mesh Roll. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'UL Kc CB Bis Un38.3 Approved 461730 3.7V 200mAh Lipo Battery for Bluetooth Earphone(5 Gallon Pure Water Bottle Non-Spill Cap). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inOffice Home Perfume Room Fragrance Electric Diffuser. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Oil Wax Furniture PVC Leather (HONGJIU-498#).

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Single Screw Extruder Window Door PVC Rubber Sealing Strip Production Making Machine. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avM23 Round Plug 9 12 Pin Male MID Fixed Signal Connector(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.CNC Machining Mechanical Parts Fabrication Service⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Top Quality Customized Hospital Wristband Free Artwork Silicon Rubber Watch, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Environmental-Friendly/Lightweight/Fireproof/Soundproof EPS Sandwich Panel for Partition/Exterior/Interior Wall, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Headband Big Headphone EVA Bag Tool Case Specialized Storage Box.Factory Price Sodium Gluconate 98% for Concrete Admixtureshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Hydraulic Fold-Bend Machine Hydraulic Bending Machine(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inFancy Custom Design Soft Enamel Sports Basketball Medal with Glitter, but not shown inWholesale Factory Price Bintangor/Okoume/Pencil Ceder Commercial Plywood,Delphi Control Valve 28239295 (622B), and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).OEM Precision Aluminum Alloy/Zinc Alloy Die Casting. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Customized Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Cabinet Fabrication Electrical Cabinet,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

PP Polypropylene Two Layer Film Blowing Machine. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Luxious Hotel Passenger Elevator, Titanium Elevator) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Disposable Sugarcane Pulp Paper Bowl 500ml, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[2880mm Automatic Corrugated Paper Fluting Kraft Paper Making Machines From Old Carton Box]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Flat Roof Insulation Board Heat Insulation Board, M.M.(1994),2018 Single-Sided Printing Ribbon Bow Ribbon Gift Wrapping Ribbon.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Canvas School College Backpack/Bookbags for Girls/Students/Women]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Good Quality Custom Car Power Window Cable for Ford Car]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Custom Female Threaded Tee T Shape Pipe Fittings. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[5 in 1 Hydra Facial Peeling Micro Dermabrasion Skin Care Skin Whitening Multifunction Beauty Equipment]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Wholesale Soft Hallux Valgus Bunion Corrector Brace for Sport Protection. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[High Quality Dyed Colored Sand]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Automatic Bagging Liquid Sauce Sachet Water Filling Sealing Machine.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Fashionable PU Leather Glitter for Shoes Bags Decoration (HS140)]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Forging Metal Building Parts]

Low Price Cmit/Mit14%/Chloromethyl-Isothiazolone as Bactericide/Fungicide, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Solar Power Panels Kits Modules Home Solar System USB Fan Bluetooth Music Speaker.304 Stainless Steel Chocolate Pump for Delivering Chocolate Paste. USP/SP[Outdoor 2-144 Cores GYTC8S G652D G657A1 G657A2 Single Mode Waterproof Optical Fiber Cable]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Automotive OEM Copper Wire Harness and Connectors for Industry]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Toko 1.0mm Er70s-6 MIG Copper Alloy Welding Wire in Spools: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[High Quality Low Volume Production Aluminum CNC Machining Auto Parts]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[2 Cylinder Head Belt-driven Piston Air Compressor]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Seashell Special Shape Magnetic Eye Shadow Empty Palette]

8.0g Polyester / Fiberglass Laid Scrim for Building - Tunnel Membranes, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Ballscrew Fixed Support Unit Fk12 with High Quality for The Module-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[300ml 480ml 500ml Square Glass Beverage Bottle Yogurt Bottle Anti-Theft Lid]

8.0g Polyester / Fiberglass Laid Scrim for Building - Tunnel Membranes,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Surgical Instrument! ! Endoscopic Grasping Forceps for Australia Endoscopy]

8.0g Polyester / Fiberglass Laid Scrim for Building - Tunnel Membranes, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Natural OEM Private Label Customized Skin Care Face Serum, Part I.Air-Cooled Induction Heater for Metal Heating Brazing Welding Hardening Tempering. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Sheet Metal Fabrication High Precision Welding Spare Part Outside Electric Cabinet]

Automatic Screw Press Dewatering Machine for Cassava Residue, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Outdoor Indoor Football Soccer Goal Post Net for Kids.Newborn Infant Baby Winter Flannel Animal Hooded Garments Outfits Snowsuit Romper Outwear, 175-184[Xsg Series High-Speed Rotating Dryer Talc Powder Dryer Machine]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[New Mobile Charger Power Supply 10000mAh Portable Metal Digital Custom Power Bank]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),20kg Net Weight Double Pleastic Bags Outer Carton Peanut Paste for Snack Factory. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Manufacturer for All Kinds of Bicycle Accessories/Motorcycle Parts by CNC Centre]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Long Distance Metal/Plastic Impulse Sprinkler Farm Irrigation Garden Water SprinklerAuthor for correspondence