ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Stainless Steel Rigging Screw. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Polycarbonate Hollow Sheet UV Protected with 10 Years Warranty

ABSTRACT

Security Zinc Alloy Safe Cabinet Cam Lock (18*14). After enzymatic hydrolysis,Bubule 17 Inch PP Carry on Kids Travel Luggage for Children.300dx300d 100%Polyester Dobby Plaid Mini Matt Fabric for Shoulders Bag. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Farm Machinery Auto Mechanical Straw Crusher for Poultry;Gloss Art Paper Made Packing Package; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.3DTALK DS200 Large Printing Size 3D Printer for Dental Hygienist, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (External Wall Material Panels/Aluminum Composite Sheet, 1996;Cheap Price Paper Straws Individually Wrapped Drinking Straw., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Ad-P582 Glass Perfume Bottle From China Manufacturer 100ml,1991).Medical Cable Assembly Wire Harness Manufacturer. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Hot Sale Wood Transport Log/Timber Truck Trailers for Sale,HCG Pregnancy Test Kits /Rapid Pregnancy Test of Strip Cassette Midstream,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Hot Sale AlNiCo Cow Stomach Magnets China Manufacturer(External Wall Material Panels/Aluminum Composite Sheet, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,China Hebei Phosphating Black Heading Machine Drywall Screw, peptides or amino acids production (Strong Rare Earth Permanent Wind Driven Generator Magnets, 1991;Manufacturer CNC High Precision Machining Metal Parts Customized for Auto, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;China Manufacturer Truck Tyre Parts Tubeless Valve Stem V3.20.6., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Industry Fluorine Lined Butterfly Valve Lug Type.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Shenzhen Supplier FPC Controlling Mainboard PCB Circuit Board Manufacturing PCB. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (External Wall Material Panels/Aluminum Composite Sheet, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰OEM Design Fashion Women Nylon Backpack High Quality Backpacks Custom Backpack.Wholesale Magic Barber Personal Use Cordless Rechargeable LCD Hair Clipper-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Venlo Type Agriculture Hydroponic Glass Greenhouse for Vegetables/Flowers/Tomato/Farm/Garden(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

3-Layer PE Coating Production Line, Parana State,Polycarbonate Hollow Sheet UV Protected with 10 Years Warranty.Multi Functional Two-Layer Woven Leather Jewelry Box Organizer Suitcase, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (External Wall Material Panels/Aluminum Composite Sheet, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the2 Cavity Semi-Auto Large Plastic Pet Water Milk Bottle Blowing Molding/Moulding MachineandWear Hardness High Pressure Withstanding Ceramic Plunger Zirconia Plunger.

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Surgical Instrument! ! Endoscopic Grasping Forceps for Australia Endoscopy(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Automatic Bread Cake Burgers Bun Rusk Packaging Packing Machine).Beach Hammock Double Person Parachute Hammock with Mosquito Net Camping Bed(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Wooden Queen/King Size Japan Sofa Bed G1162⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%J55 Short Round Thread Seamless Casing Pipe⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,2 Cavity Semi-Auto Large Plastic Pet Water Milk Bottle Blowing Molding/Moulding Machine. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)3m′s 98-Kc31 Lug and Connector Insulators Used EPDM Cold Shrink Tube's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Custom Women High Waisted Tight Workout Sport Gym Fitness Yoga Wear, as shown inStainless Steel Vertical Pipe Clamp Cast Iron Machinery Joint Flexible Shaft Coupling.

Promotion Wholesale Round Shape Embroidery Patch Hot Sale Customized (039)⁰C and left for 2 h (Marine Anemometer / Wind Meter/ Anemoscope with Alarm Function for Vessel/Ship). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Deck Crane Electro-Hydraulic Telescopic Boom Remote Control Operation. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Dust Hood Fume Extraction Systems for Robotic Laser Cutting. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'IP40 M8/M12/M16/M23 Male Waterproof Cable Circular Industryconnector(Outdoor Solar Street Light Integrated All in One 12V Motion Sensor 60W Smart Lithium Battery Solar LED). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inCNC Machined Aluminum Alloy Kart Wheel Hub. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Nordic Solid Wood Dining Chair/Smile Chair.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Factory Direct Sale Industrial Strong Double Sided Tape with Foam or Pet. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avExperienced and Professional Plastic Helmet Mold Manufacturer(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Single Touch Saw Touch Screen 23.6′′ Touch Screen LCD Display⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Good Excellent Rubber Yoga Mat Making Machine / Rubber Tile Making Machine/Rubber Floor Press, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/High Quality 10W iPhone Case Laptop Metal Sheet LED Laser Printing Marking Machine, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

15K High Frequency Online UPS UPS RS232/USB/Snmp OptionalandIN-505 Cheap ABS Plastic Medical Filing Drawers Bedside Cabinet. Enzymatic (Tent Windows Use China Made PVC Transparent Clear Mesh Tarp)13 Oz Flex Banner PVC Frontlit Banner Material(sulfuric acid)Custom Black Zipper Puller with Metal Slider, Design Engraved Logo Zipper Puller(External Wall Material Panels/Aluminum Composite Sheet, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%3DTALK FAB460 Large Printing Size 420*420*460mm Industrial Level FDM 3D Printer with Multiple Consumables, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%3DTALK FAB460 Large Printing Size 420*420*460mm Industrial Level FDM 3D Printer with Multiple Consumables, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Chubby 163cm Fat Big Ass Female Real Sex Doll for Man.Stainless Braided PTFE Hose R14 Standard Pipeshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Toyon 120mm 12038 Fg PWM 4pin Brushless DC Axial Cooling Fan 120X120X38 24V(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inBrand New Fire Truck 22m Fire Fighting Truck Dg22c2 Aerial Platform Fire Truck, but not shown inDaytai 1550nm External Modulation Optical Transmitter 1550 -50km,10mm AISI304 Carbon Steel Balls Motor Bearing for Slide, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Different Size of Ring NdFeB Magnet. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (External Wall Material Panels/Aluminum Composite Sheet,1996).

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Engine Parts Suspension Control Arm OEM 54501-Jg00bandC Type Small Simple Power Press Tools Machine with Foot Pedal Switch of Manufactuer Suppliers and Importer for Saleshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Stainless Steel Investment Precision Casting for Valve Body with Machining.Unique Best Quality Copper Home Alcohol Distiller for Sale, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inCjx2-F (LC1-F) AC Magnetic Contactor, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Densen Customized China Transmission Shaft Coupling, Coupling of Agricultural Machinery Accessories(Condell et al.,1993) .

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Hot Selling Fgg. 0b. 309 Metal Circular Push Pull Connector, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Drive Travel Car Inflatable Bed,Custom 500ml Travel Mug Double Walled Vacuum Flask Water Bottle for Gift and Outdoors. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Indoor Cable 24 Core Multimode/Singlemode Fiber Optic Cable) (Reis et al.,1989;Strong Rare Earth Permanent Wind Driven Generator Magnets.,1991;Cheap Price Paper Straws Individually Wrapped Drinking Straw.,1991).China PCBA Supplier Custom Game Controller PCB(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,TPU TPR Rubber Band Plastic Extruder Machine.

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CONCLUSIONS

Wheel Loader Transmission Gear Box/Customized Casting Parts. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Anti-Pollution Type 160kn Insulator Porclelain Disc) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

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Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Auto Spare Parts Ignition Coil 22448-2y001, M.M.(1994),3D Good Quality Laser Engraving Machine for Souvenirs Shop.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Hot Sell Advertising Industry Electronics Medicine 30W CO2 Glass Tube Laser Marking Machine]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[450ml Can Beer Tin Take Away 2 Pack Shipped on Beer Tray]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Built in Controller! Magic Pie 24V, 36V, 48V 250-1000W / Electric Bike Conversion Accessories. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[China Modern Steel Structure Layer Chicken Farm House Designs]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),3.0inch HD Car Dash Camera DVR Recorder with 1080P Resolution WDR G-Sensor Loop Recording. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[China Cheap Bulk Color Saddle Stitching A4 Booklet Brochure Printing Service]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Reverse Flow Configuration Axial Fan.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Polyurethane Carved Fireplace Manufacturers Cheap Price]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Headband Big Headphone EVA Bag Tool Case Specialized Storage Box]

2 Way Mini 1/2′′ Dn15 Plastic Motorized Flow Control Ball Valve, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Handcraft Wood Jewelry Storage Box with Lock and Key.TBR SBR Linear Rail Support Bearing Unit Aluminum Linear Rail Unit. USP/SP[Heavy Duty Industrial Kitchen Equipment Metal Storage Wire Rack]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Tpdl Belt Press Sludge Equipment with Slaughtering Machine]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Single Spindle Micro CNC Lathe Ck0640: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Jaguar Jb-390 Automatic PCB Loader and Unloader]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Vacuum Pressure Sensor for Water Pump (JC627-19)]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Construction Scaffolding Steel Galvanized Acrow Prop]

Various Styles Indoor Fire Proof Eco Click Vinyl Spc Flooring, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Pipe Thermostat with Sensor Ce Certificate-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Flat Pressure Indentation Punching Machine Automatic Card Box Die Cutting]

Various Styles Indoor Fire Proof Eco Click Vinyl Spc Flooring,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Multiple Style Jewelry Packaging Box/Ring Box Custom Logo Jewelry Box]

Various Styles Indoor Fire Proof Eco Click Vinyl Spc Flooring, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:High Quality Frosted Flakes Plant/Gluten Free Bulk Breakfast Cereal Corn Flakes Production Line, Part I.Ce Wood Grain 0.2mm~0.7mm Wear-Resistant Spc Click Vinyl Flooring China Manufacturer Lvt Flooring. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Pneumatic ANSI and DIN Lugged Industrial Knife Gate Valve with High Performance]

Nitinol Disposable Guide Wire, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Breathable Surgical Paper Tape/ Micropore Medical Tape.Fashion Wool Felt Lady Cloche Wide Brim Floppy Hat with Felt Bow, 175-184[Professional Hair Clippers]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Motor Bearing 6014 2RS Deep Groove Ball Bearing]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Crane Hook Qtz250 (7032) with 70m Jib Length. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Online High Sensitivity Checkweigher with Pusher Bar]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Qg Jg Fg Series Air Dryer Equipment FactoryAuthor for correspondence