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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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ABSTRACT
Best Price Plastic Spc Click PVC Vinyl Flooring for 5mm. After enzymatic hydrolysis,White Pattern Acrylic Sheet for Decoration Produced by Senpu.Auto Parts Durable Iridium Spark Plug OEM 5303 Ik16. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;SS316 Easy Install Quick Clean Motorized Sanitary Ball Valve with Tri Clamp Ends;Hot Sale Scc730 High Efficiency Water-Based Cutting Fluid with Factory Production; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.110V 220V Adult Toy Soft Silicone Female Magic Wand Vibrator, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Supply 20-110mm PP Reducing Tee for Pipe Systems, 1996;5 Gallon Pure Water Bottle Non-Spill Cap., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Factory Supply AS/NZS 1577 Australia Kwikstage Scaffolding Steel Planks,1991).7 Color LED Facial Mask Neck Mask LED Photon Mask for Skin Care. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Solid Carbide Single Flute End Mills Oblique Angle Cutting,High Quality Screw Tools Tungsten Carbide Shaped Cold Heading Dies,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,ESD/Static Conductive Anti-Static Fire-Resistant Rubber Floor Mat/ Vinyl Floor Mat(Supply 20-110mm PP Reducing Tee for Pipe Systems, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,400m/Min Shaft Less Slitting Machine for BOPP Pet OPP Films, peptides or amino acids production (Small Capacity Automatic Cup Filling Machine, 1991;Seasoned Cast Iron South Africa Three Legged Potjie Pot, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Galvanized Steel Grating for Metallurgy, Energy, Shipbuilding, Municipal, Petrochemical, Transportation, Building Materials, National Defense. 255., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Plastic PVC (vacuum calibration cooling tank haul off cutter stacker) Pipe Extruding Machine.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-2019 New Release Doypack Sachet Powder Packing Machine Price. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Supply 20-110mm PP Reducing Tee for Pipe Systems, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Amplifier Tube Glass Vacuum Tube (833C).Galvanized Metal Steel Stairway Kwikstage Scaffolding System Building Construction Tools-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:New Style Custom Logo Makeup Multi Colored Eyeshadow Palette(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Daytai 1550nm External Modulation Optical Transmitter 1550 -50km, Parana State,Le1-D25 Controlling Motor 220V 25A Three Phase Magnetic Starter.PE100 Plasitc Pipe for Gas Water Chemcial Sewage System, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Supply 20-110mm PP Reducing Tee for Pipe Systems, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theGlass Water Jet Cutting Machine (Skwj-4018A)andAutomatic CNC Centerless Lathe for Peeling Steel Round Bar.
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Hot Promotion Indian Market Underwear Adhesive Glue(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Double Coil Control Solenoid Valve of Butterfly Valve).700 Bar Hydraulic Stressing Jack Pump Hydraulic Power Pack Unit(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Dentsply Dental Endodotic Maillefer K-File Root Cannal Hand File M Access K Files0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%New Industrial Wheeled Wooden Shoe Display Fixtures for Shop0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Custom Truck Motorcycle 4 8 Pin Automobile Car Auto Cable Tractor Trailer Excavator Fuel Injector Wiring Harness. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Hot Sale Industrial Water Cooled Air Chiller Cooling System Equipment's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Chinese Top Manufacturer Aluminium LED Profile for LED Linear Light, as shown inCustom Small Paper Gift Box with Magnet Closure for E-Cigarette.
High Quality Aluminum Carpet Topping Stage Platform0C and left for 2 h (Easy Fan Lashes Blooming Lashes Volume Eyelashes Extension). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.BY60100C type metal shaping machine/hydraulic shaper machine. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Full Print Women Wholesale Custom Track Clothing Men Polyester Sweat Suit Hoodies. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'China Spplier 70W Solar Street Light with Camera Monitoring System(Lug Plastic PP Butterfly Valve/ Industrial Water Valve with JIS). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inHigh Quality Nitoflon Adhesive Tapes (0.08X13X10). The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Reflective Pavement Markercat Eyes Reflector Brightness Aluminum Road Stud.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Office Supplies Flexible Plastic Writing Clip Board PP Foam Clipboard. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavAnti-Counterfeiting Adhesive Seal Tamper Evident Security Warranty Void Tape(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Sy09-05-003 Rubber Pet Grooming Massage Dog Cleaning Brush0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Easy Installed Microwave Drying Equipment for Fish /Shrimp/Seafood for Small Factory, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Masturbators Adult Sex Toys Japanese Love Doll, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Original Brand New Classical Small Mobile Phone for Nokia E52 Cell PhoneandCheap 20tons LPG Semi Trailers Gas Tank Transport Trailer for Sale. Enzymatic (Carbon Steel Spherical Plain Radical Bearings)Electrostatic Powder Color Coating Steel Coil Plate High Quality Z30-Z220 PVDF High Tensile High Strength(sulfuric acid)12V 24V 36V 72V 84V Customized Lithium Ion LiFePO4 Battery Charger for E-Bike(Supply 20-110mm PP Reducing Tee for Pipe Systems, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%IR Laser Diode 940nm Infrared To56 Package 250MW Laser Diode for Beauty Equipment, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%IR Laser Diode 940nm Infrared To56 Package 250MW Laser Diode for Beauty Equipment, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
New Powder Spray Booth for Metal Furniture.High Quality Male Water Quick Release Couplingshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Small Tin Box for Condoms(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inNonstick Vegetable Oil/Cast Iron Bakeware BSCI LFGB FDA Approved, but not shown inOEM High Pressure Machined Part Die Aluminum Casting,Drive in Rack 2 Ton Reach Warehouse Forklift Battery Electric Reach Truck Price, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Petrochemical Loading Platform Folding Stairs. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Supply 20-110mm PP Reducing Tee for Pipe Systems,1996).
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Hot Sell Electro Hydraulic Synchronous CNC Press Brake Kcn-30032, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.AISI 304 / 316 Stainless Steel Braided PTFE Hose Pipe,40mm (1-5/8′′) Carbide Oscillating Finger Grisp Rasp Tool Blade. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (High Efficiency Air Cooled Air Source Water Chiller Heat Pump) (Reis et al.,1989;Small Capacity Automatic Cup Filling Machine.,1991;5 Gallon Pure Water Bottle Non-Spill Cap.,1991).UV Protected Fireproof Fresh PE Plastic Artificial Fake Green Wall Plant Panel Bushes Leaf Foliage Flower Privacy Vertical Garden Hedge Grass Fence Screen(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Forged Steel Pressure Sealed Bonnet Globe Valve.
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CONCLUSIONS
Stable Adjustable Monitor Mounts Folding LCD Monitor Stand. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (30100-90063 30199-90064 30100-90208 Auto Parts Clutch Disc for Nissan Toyota Hino Isuzu) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
CL2T-CBL06 Comlom Stainless Steel Pocket Multi Tool Pliers for Camping, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Clamshell Heat Sublimation Transfer Heat Press for T-Shirt]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Eco-Friendly Food Grade Reusable Silicone Straight Straw for Drinking with Brush, M.M.(1994),Manual Double Bridge Glass Cutting Table Machine (JFQG-2620).The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Insulation Anti Earthquake Exterior Wall Foam Board]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Ycom USB Charger and Data Cable with Aluminum for Type C]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-2018 New Design Red-CNC-006 CNC Machining Aluminum Precision. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[5/2 Way 3/2 Way Shift Airtac Namur Solenoid Valve]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),China Factory Price Hg1 Self Adjustable Pipe Tank Rotator. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Custom Made Restaurant Furniture Artificial Stone Round Coffee Dining Table (190827)]
Heidemann, E.(1997),High Quality Crawler Excavator Track Bolt 3p2274.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Dual Speed Heavy Duty Cordless Drill with Hammer Impact (CD507)]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Single Sphere Rubber Expansion Joint]
Commercial Acoustic PVC Plastic Floating Vinyl Plank Flooring with Click, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),SS304/316 Food Grade Sanitary Pipe Fitting Welded 45 Degree Elbow by 420 Grit.Automatic CNC Centerless Lathe for Peeling Steel Round Bar. USP/SP[White Pattern Acrylic Sheet for Decoration Produced by Senpu]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[China Spplier 70W Solar Street Light with Camera Monitoring System]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-High Quality 7FT Boundary Wall Fence Design Diamond Mesh Metal Fence: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Ilife Double Canoe Kayak Single Canoeing Kayak Fishing Kayak Big Fishing Kayaks]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[2 Inch Lcd High Quality Supplier]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Custom Army Style 100% Polyester Fiber Mens Polo Shirt]
Ck6150 High Precision Metal Machining Horizontal CNC Lathe, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Fire Protection Red Painted Ductile Iron Grooved Pipe Fitting-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[China Manufacturer Custom Stainless Steel CNC High Precision Linear Shaft]
Ck6150 High Precision Metal Machining Horizontal CNC Lathe,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Quality Assurance Advanced Design Microfiber Filling Washable Pillow]
Ck6150 High Precision Metal Machining Horizontal CNC Lathe, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Common Code Choke, Inductor, Line Filter, Ring Coil, Inductor, Choke Coil, Part I.High Efficiency Pure Sine Wave DC12V AC220V 1500W Power Inverter. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Qingdao Us Type Load Binder Lever Chain Tensioner]
Factory Custom Round Aluminum Tube 5154 5454 5652 5086, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Newest Adjustable Decline Bench Flat Weight Bench for Wholesales.PVC Wood Grain Decorative Sheet, 175-184[Ptfe Bronze Piston Rings]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Electronic Pulse Gas Stove Burner Igniter Transformer Parts]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Professional Ebony Wood Clarinet Bb Like Buffet Manufacturer. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[New Patient Hoist Lift]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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