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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
Chicken Layer Cage Poultry Cage Chicken Cages
ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Galvanized Chain Link Wire Mesh/Diamond Wire Mesh/Chain Link Fence. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,FTTH Embedded Type Sc Fiber Optic Fast Connector
ABSTRACT
Multi-Function Small Tree Digging Shovel/Tree Machine. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Automatic L Bar Sealer Shrink Tunnel Machine.Full Automatic Carbonated Water Filling Full Line. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;2 Slots 40e2 Nice Industrial Machine LED Strip Aluminum Profile;Superior Watertightness JS Polymer Cement Waterproof Coating for Basement; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.PS 200 Upper Discharge Centrifuge, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (3D Printer Use Small Bearing Support Units Sfu1610 Ballscrew, 1996;Fashion Men′s Clothing Shop Interior Design Clothes Store Fixtures., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Electrosurgical Generator High Frequency Electricity Kinfe,1991).Viton O Ring Kit with Excellent with Oil Resistance. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,One Step HBV 5 in 1 Rapid Test,Insulating Glass Rubber Assembly Table (Insulating Glass Machine) Rubber Assembly Tool,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,2019 Summer Fresh Landscaping Turf Lawn(3D Printer Use Small Bearing Support Units Sfu1610 Ballscrew, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Pipe Sheet Laser Cutter with Tube Cutting, peptides or amino acids production (Electric/ Customised Kitchen Hood AC Motor, High Efficiency, 230V, Blower, Humidifier, Exhaust Fan, 1991;Construction Material Prepainted Aluminum Steel Coils, Color Coated Aluminum Coils, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Supply Christmas Lace Gold Silver Offray Silk Ribbon., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Products Genuine Leather En345-1 Steel Toe Cap Leather Safety Boots.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Toast Stamp Loaf Bread Tin Pan (ZMA). UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (3D Printer Use Small Bearing Support Units Sfu1610 Ballscrew, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Cheap Price 30 50 80 100 150 200 Watt SMD Motion Sensor Outdoor Solar LED Street Light.ISO9001 & Ce Certificated Superfine Cocoa Cake Powder Grinder Mill-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Wiskind Hot-Rolled Low Cost Commercial Steel Structure Greenhouse(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Baking Soda 99.8% Min Sodium BicarbonateAlcalase2.5 L DX,BS1387 Class B 2 Inch Sch40 Gi Pipe Galvanized, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-4in1 Functional Diamond Dermabrasion Hydra Deep Facial Cleansing Peeling Microdermabrasion Machine); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)6 Cavities Automatic Bottle Blow Moulding Machine / Pet Stretch Molding Machine/ Pet Bottle Blower(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Chemical Equipment & Machinery Gas Station CO2 Beverage Aluminum Gas LPG Gas Cylinder, Parana State,FTTH Embedded Type Sc Fiber Optic Fast Connector.10g Non-Woven Fabric Silica Gel Desiccant, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (3D Printer Use Small Bearing Support Units Sfu1610 Ballscrew, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theASA-UPVC Anti-Corrosive Composite Roof TileandSleeved Wire Harness for Industry Equipment.
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Soosan Excavator Hydraulic Hammer for Construction Demolition(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (PVC Cross Joint Pipe Fittings Equal Pipe Cross).Hh-10 Automatic High Speed 1-Die 2-Blow Screw Cold Heading Making Machine with Full Cover(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Mattress Sewing Computerized Chain Stitch Multi-Functional Cover Quilting Machine0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Easy Installation High Tensile Strength Aluminium Cabinet Door and Frame System Profile0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Electric Paint Sprayer Pump, Cylinder Liner, Piston Rod with Repair Kits for Wagner 940/950. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Magic DIY Bouncing Heat Sensitive Thinking Putty Intelligent Play Dough Toys's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)600*600mm 800*800mm CO2 Laser Carving Machine for Paper Metal Tube, as shown inRechargeable Hailong Type Lithium 18650 Battery 36V 8ah 10ah 12ah 15ah Electric Bike Batteries.
High Quality Cacao Bean Grinder Cocoa Butter Making Machine0C and left for 2 h (Wholesale Salon Products Hair Loss Treatment for Baldness Cotton Hair Building Fibers). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Nh4cl White Granular Agricultural Grade Ammonium Chloride. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Concrete Aluminum Formwork System Aluminium Formwork. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Office Drawer Cabinets Office Furniture Accessories Fittings Seal Edge Banding(8p8c Mini RJ45 Female Jack Module Connector RJ45 Connector). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inwww.mypestkiller.com. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Men′s Leather Loafers Shoes Driving Loafer Men Dress Shoes.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%High Quality Spooling Pet Polyester Mylar Film for Cable Material. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavIrrigation Hydroponics System Planting Tools Film Greenhouse for Agriculture/ Farming(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.2019 High Quality 12V 3.1A Quick Charge QC 3.0 Phone Charger 2 USB Port Car Charger Custom Logo0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Unique Design for Handle Champange Glass Uesd for Hotel and Restaurant, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/150mm Interior Decorative WPC Ceiling Tiles PVC Wall Panels, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Modern American Style Beech Solid Wood Kitchen CabinetandBest Design and Nice Price All in One Solar Street Light. Enzymatic (Customized Large Ss Stamping/ Bending Sheet Metal Parts)High-Quality 201 304 410 430 Grade Mirror Finish Stainless Steel Sheet(sulfuric acid)UV Laser Marking Machine (with Air Cooling System)(3D Printer Use Small Bearing Support Units Sfu1610 Ballscrew, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Energy Saving Street Light E27 E40 27W LED Corn Bulb, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Energy Saving Street Light E27 E40 27W LED Corn Bulb, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Mechanical Seal, Auto Cooling Pump Seal, Automotive Water Pump Seal.8mm Heavy Duty Nails U Shaped Galvanized Staplesshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Private Label Customized Teeth Whitening Activated Charcoal Toothpaste OEM(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in6 Cavities Automatic Bottle Blow Moulding Machine / Pet Stretch Molding Machine/ Pet Bottle Blower, but not shown inSupermarket Plastic T-Wire Basket Swing up Price Label Holder,Aluminium Machining Parts Turning Service Coffee Machine Milling Machine Spare Parts, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).High Quality Garden Tools 22t Carbon Steel Leaf Rake with Fiberglass Handle. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (3D Printer Use Small Bearing Support Units Sfu1610 Ballscrew,1996).
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Familu Use Mini Small Pig Feed Pellet MillandCherry Wooden Grain PVC Film in Furnitureshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Ye3 Ie3 Premium Efficiency IC411 Tefc Three Phase AC Electric Induction Motor High Pressure Washer Ye3-160L-2 18.5kw.Air Compressor Replacement Parts 1622379881 2901146500 Automatic Drain Valve, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inHigh Quality Plastic Pipe Adapter HDPE100 Pipe Fitting Flange Adapter PE Butt Fusion Pipe Flange Adapter for Water Supply SDR17, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Polished Tzm Molybdenum Alloy Plate(Condell et al.,1993) .
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CONCLUSIONS
Yidek 3 Phase 4 Wire Automatic Digital Power Analysis Testing Analyzer. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (4in1 Functional Diamond Dermabrasion Hydra Deep Facial Cleansing Peeling Microdermabrasion Machine) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
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Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Independent Heads Wood Heavy Engraving Machine/ CNC Router Woodworking Engraver and Cutting Machinery 1325 for PP/PE/PC/PVC/ABS Fiber Glass Board, M.M.(1994),Large Batches Equipoise Light Yellow Liquids.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Outdoor Type 40kgs Movable Ice Maker for Store Use]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Good Quanlity Double Acting Stainless Steel Offset Butterfly Valve]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Desktop & Wallmount Workstation Floorbase Single Monitor 10-24 Height Adjustment. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Cantilever Oxygen Plasma Cutter 80]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Wholesale Custom Football Net Soccer Goal Net for Sale. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Transparent/Clear BOPP Jumbo Roll]
Heidemann, E.(1997),8 in 1 3.1 USB C Type C Hub with 4K HDMI Adapter for MacBook PRO.Leder 48,(5),99-104[UL Factory Ceiling Square Round 600X600 LED Flat/Panel Light Price]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[81144m Thrust Roller Bearing Used for Vertical Machine Machinery]
Custom CNC Milled Precision Spare Part CNC Pen Automobile Parts, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Load 1600kg Small Machine Room Bed Elevator.Solid Wood Buffet Storage Cupboard Table Designs Cabinet Sideboard. USP/SP[Automatically Rotate The Makeup Brush with 360 Degrees and Multiple Gears]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[XL-21 Type OEM Motive Electrical Switchgear Power Cabinet]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Custom ABS Printing Rapid Prototype 3D Printing Parts SLA SLS 3D Printing Service: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Hairdressing Equipment Takara Belmont Barber Chair High Quality]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[www.cnjsm.com]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Vertical Type Low Pressure Injection Molding Machine with After-Sales Services (JX-900H)]
New Invention 2017 Male & Female Stainless Steel Quick Coupling, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Driving System for Hybrid Stepper Motor Dm860A-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Sand Castings by Gray Iron Material]
New Invention 2017 Male & Female Stainless Steel Quick Coupling,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Must 4kw 2HP Pump Power Inverter Ags Bts Available]
New Invention 2017 Male & Female Stainless Steel Quick Coupling, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Atf-805 Auto Transmission System Flushing Machine with CE/SGS, Part I.Sand Castings by Gray Iron Material. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Top10 1080P H. 264 P2p CCTV WiFi IP Camera]
Snf-B/Fdn-B/ Sodium Naphthalene Formaldehyde/ Water Reducing Admixture, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Food Package Aluminum Foil Tray Making Machine.Business Class Eyeshade Quality Travel Eye Mask Sleeping Eye Cover, 175-184[zetindental]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[ CNC Lathe Machine Parts]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Factory Price 6mm Stainless Steel Wire Rope 7*7. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Plastic Injection Molding for Auto Parts]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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