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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Taiding Custom Tank Sheet Metal Fabrication. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Airtight Candy Bin with Scoop

ABSTRACT

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Queen′s Jewelry Fashion 316L Stainless Steel Silver Crown Pendant Necklace, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Familu Use Mini Small Pig Feed Pellet Mill, 1996;3D LED Motif Outdoor Lighted Star Christmas Shopping Mall Decorations Light., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Construction Chemicals Raw Material Sodium Lignosulphonate for Cement Plasticizer,1991).Yellow Color PVC Film for Bags Raincoat Inflatable Toys Water-Bed. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Hairdressing Equipment Takara Belmont Barber Chair High Quality,Full Auto Stand up Pouch Forming Filling and Packing Machine (HMK-2000),etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Buy Single Item Moving Bee Eye Light Lowly Price(Familu Use Mini Small Pig Feed Pellet Mill, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,High Quality Customized Aluminum Foil Shisha Sheet, peptides or amino acids production (Sanitary Stainless Steel Heating Cooling Mixing Buffer Storage Tank, 1991;Commercial Crossfit Fitness Gym Equipment/Home Gym Equipment, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Rectangular Box Facial Tissue Paper Fk-110., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.SMD 5050 RGB Flexible LED Strip (60LED/m) with Factory Bottom Price.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Digital Lock Electronic Door Lock Password Keypad Number for Cabinet Door. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Familu Use Mini Small Pig Feed Pellet Mill, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰AAC Block Production Line / AAC Equipment Manufacturing/ Machinery.CB-III (2011) Medical Equipment Tractional Chinese Medicine Fumigation Machine-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Q32 Series Tumble Belt/Crawler Shot Blasting Machine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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Discussion and Interpretation System(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Electrophoresis Assembly Infilltration Tank for Effluent Treatment).7inch Desktop 1080P Media Player MP5 Car Monitor with AV Input(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Frozen Soybean in Pod⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Custom Sheet Metal Stamping Bending Product Manufacturing Service⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Waterproof EVA Rubber Roofing Material for Shingle Building. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)OEM Gray Cast Iron Sand Casting Products with Universal Parts's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)U. S. Type Drop Forged Wire Rope Clip, as shown inPA System Loudspeaker 100W Outdoor Column Speaker .

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Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%High Quality Acrylic Beer Display Racks with LED. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avBlank Personalized Engraved Plaques Name Metal Art Crafts Plating Copper 3D Marathon Sports Medal with Customized Design (MD04-C)(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Best Hot 120 Gas Pump Nozzle Fuel Injector Nozzle⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Plastic Injection Molding for Auto Parts, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Round Type Twin Screw Extruder Barrel Manufacturer, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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CONCLUSIONS

Canton Fair Galvanized Steel Aluminium Ibr Roof Sheet Roll Forming Making Machine. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Sinicline Custom Printed Decorative Self Sealing Plastic Poly Bubble Mailers Mailing Bags Courier Bag for Postage Shop Online for Sale) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

BOPP CPP Laminate Food Packaging Metalized Pet Cup Sealing Film, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[4.5mm Tact Switch Factory OEM/ODM Products]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Metal Trapezoidal Roof Sheet Roll Forming Machine for Roof Panel, M.M.(1994),CNC Machining Checking Auto Car Checking Fixture.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Cummins L10 Engine Piston Cooling Nozzle 3070218]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[High Quality Xanthan Gum for Personal Care and Cosmetic Applications]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Stainless Steel Thread Ends Sanitary Butterfly Valve with Pull Handle. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Hot Selling Extruded Aluminum Window Frame and Sliding Door Profile for Curtain Wall (A44)]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),T Series Bevel Helical Gearboxes for Sale. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[ Black Epoxy]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Military Police Army Outdoor Protective Safety Bulletproof Camouflage Protective Vest.Leder 48,(5),99-104[40W Mini Laser Machine Professional]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Grade 4.8 Hot DIP Galvanized Hex Bolt and Nut]

Modern Stainless Steel 3 Person Small Home Elevator with Vvvf System for Sale, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Colorful PVC Foam Board with High Density and Customizable Size.Air Vent Diffuser Adjustbable Air Well and Jet Diffuser. USP/SP[Produce N2o for Medical Gas Equipments]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Bobcat Skid Steer Loader Bucket Teeth 6737325lp]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Original Stainless Steel Singer Brand Sewing Machine Needles: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[2 Slots 40e2 Nice Industrial Machine LED Strip Aluminum Profile]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Rooftop HVAC Packaged Units (RTU) Amrta Manufacture]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Aluminium Machining Parts Turning Service Coffee Machine Milling Machine Spare Parts]

Food Grade Window Brown Craft Paper Coffee Compostable Packaging Bag Corn Biodegradable, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Silicone Rubber Electronic Cable with High Flexibility, High Temperature Resistance-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[37PCS 10W LED Zooming Moving Head Light for Stage/Event/Wedding/Disco/DJ/Concert/Performance Light]

Food Grade Window Brown Craft Paper Coffee Compostable Packaging Bag Corn Biodegradable,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Children Bear English Story Book Printing]

Food Grade Window Brown Craft Paper Coffee Compostable Packaging Bag Corn Biodegradable, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Dn250-Pn16-10inch-PTFE-Seat Wafer 316-Cast-Steel Double Acting Pneumatic Actuator Butterfly Valve, Part I.Steel Bar Peeling Lathe Machine. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[ KTV]

Chemical Product Sodium Gluconate Used for Concrete Admixture, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Adding Water Rice Pulping Machine/Soybean Grinding Machine.Automatic Double Tea Bag Packing Machinery (Model DXDCH-10B), 175-184[Fyeer Double Side Rectangle Makeup Mirror Magnifying Desktop Table Mirror]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Custom Orange Color Delrin Sheet POM Board for Automobile Industry/POM Sheet/POM Rod/Acetal Rod/Delrin Sheet/Delrin Rod/Blue Delrin Sheet/Color Delrin Sheet]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Lm Series Miniature Lm8uu Liner Ball Bush Bushing Ball Bearing. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Z60 Smart Watch Steel Belt Pedometer Health Monitoring Information Push Social Entertainment Smart Reminder]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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