ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Hot Sale Electric LED light Aroma Diffuser. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Wear Resistant Rubber Ceramic Wear Linier Plate for Chute Liner.DC 12V Wireless Remote Control Gate Garage Duplicator Jh-Tx306. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.750W 8X16 Precision Mini Metal Lathe 3 Jaw 50-2500rpm, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Kindergarten Playground Preschool Kids Plastic Slide and Swing, 1996;Fashion Design Camo Men′s Outdoor Camouflage Cotton Crew Socks, Printed Socks., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Mirror Aluminum Reflective Sheet for Lighting 1050/1060/1070/1100/1200,1991).Railway Freight Wagon Spare Parts Casting and Forging for Bogie. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Rainsky Ceiling Mounted Stainless Steel Shower Heads,Custom Sizes Acrylic Shoes Storage Display Box,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,High Quality Casting Cover Aluminum Die Casting Products(Kindergarten Playground Preschool Kids Plastic Slide and Swing, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Bakery Bags with Window Kraft Paper Bags Window Bags Coffee Bags Cookie Bags Treat Bags Popcorn Bags, peptides or amino acids production (304 316 316L Stainless Steel Banding Strap Disc Ties in Plastic Dispenser, 1991;SGS 0.2um 3.0 Micron PP Pleated 10 Inch Filter Cartridge for Water Treatment, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Excellent Quality 3-Strand PE Blue Color Fishing and Mooring Ropes., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Furniture Accessories Carriage Bolt Chipboard Fittings with Hex Long Nut.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-0.005mm Tolerance CNC Turned Stainless Steel 304 316L Parts, CNC Lathe Machine Parts. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Kindergarten Playground Preschool Kids Plastic Slide and Swing, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Commercial Cubic Rough Cut White Brown Tea Coffee Lump Sugar Machine.304 316 Stainless Steel Grooved Cross for Water-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Outdoor 60W 80W Integrated All in One Remote Motion IP65 Sensor LED Solar Street Light with Lithium Battery Pole(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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Telescopic Zoom Outdoor Tactical LED Flashlight (SYSG-180820)(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (FRP Counter Flow Low Noise Round Type Cooling Tower 600rt).Tumble Belt Type Shot Blasting Machine for Iron Castings Parts(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Bsp Standard Malleable Iron Pipe Fitting Hexagon Nipple⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Good Quality Good Price China Plastic Injection Molding Machine⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Pet Hair Remover Glove for Dog, Grooming Gloves Brush. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Modern Living Room Furniture Hotel Bedroom Custom Corner Sofa's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Alumina Balls for Hydogen Peroxide, as shown inPipe Conveyor Belt.

Anti-High Pressure Insulated Pliers with PVC Dipped Handles⁰C and left for 2 h (Hydraulic Orbital Valve Power Steering). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Hot Selling Electronical Blue Pet Plastic Release Film Price. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,DIN127 Stainless Steel Spring Lock Washer. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'29m 33m China High Quality 3 Arms R Folding Sections Self-Climbing Concrete Placing Boom(Gyc 2000L 100L Alcohol Liquor and Spirits Distilling Plant). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inm.asiamzsteel.com. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,New Condition Hot Sale Automatic Animal Feed Cooler Machine.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Ahd 720p 7 Quad Screen Monitor Car Rearview Camera System. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avAutomotive Bearings, Wheel Hub Bearing, Wheel Bearing (387144)(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Z60 Smart Watch Steel Belt Pedometer Health Monitoring Information Push Social Entertainment Smart Reminder⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Ground Finish Molybdenum Tzm Rod, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Transparent/Clear BOPP Jumbo Roll, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Galvanized Square Wire Mesh, Metal Window Screen.Hanging Necklace Fan USB Rechargeable Battery Operated Fanshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Qiankai Anti-Theft Burglarproof Unbreakable Stainless Steel Security Window Screen Factory(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inChicken Farming Materials Poultry Battery Cages Layer Battery Cage, but not shown inOPP Printed Block Bottom Bags,2019 2 Wheel Folding Electric Scooter 5.5inch 24V 250W Foldable Scooter, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).OEM Customized Stainless Steel Parts by Deep Drawing. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Kindergarten Playground Preschool Kids Plastic Slide and Swing,1996).

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High Cop with Titanium Heat Exchanger 28-32 Degree Swimming Pool Heat PumpandHot Sale Electric LED light Aroma Diffusershow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Children Bear English Story Book Printing.Flexible Board FPC PCB Camera Module Rigid Flex PCB, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inMilitary Police Army Outdoor Protective Safety Bulletproof Camouflage Protective Vest, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.High Quality 80/ 90/ 100GSM C2s Coated Paper for Printing(Condell et al.,1993) .

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CONCLUSIONS

Linen Quiltcover Set with Quilting. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Hot Sale Laser Projector RGB Laser Light for Stage) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

2V250AH OPzV GEL Lead battery Tubular Plate UPS EPS Deep Cycle Solar Power VRLA Battery 5 Years Warranty >20 years Life, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Custom Made Acrylic Elastic Knit Headband]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Trolley Type Bogie Hearth Steel Billets Annealing Heat Treatment Furnace, M.M.(1994),Teerte Square Flat Head Self Tapping Screw.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[St1000 Fire Resistant Steel Cord Rubber Belt]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Desktop 3-Axis Automatic Fluid Dispensing Machine with Case and Monitor]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Jdz-1030 High Precision Screen Printing Machine for Satin Ribbon, Cotton Tape, Elastic Tape, Lanyard. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[SGS 0.2um 3.0 Micron PP Pleated 10 Inch Filter Cartridge for Water Treatment]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Bto 22 Electric Galvanized Razor Concertina Wire for Military. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[High Quality Product IP66 Waterproof 3 Pin Industrial Straight Plug and Socket]

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Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[ Color Coated Aluminum Coils]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Custom CNC Milled Precision Spare Part CNC Pen Automobile Parts]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-High-Quality Pre-Seasoned Cast Iron Wok: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Ye3 Ie3 Premium Efficiency IC411 Tefc Three Phase AC Electric Induction Motor High Pressure Washer Ye3-160L-2 18.5kw]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Auto Window Cleaner]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Top China Forklift Supplier & Manufacturer]

2/3/4 Wires COB 40W 50W LED Track Light with 15/18/25/38/60 Degree Beam Angle, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Rebonded Foam Machina, Foam CNC Cutter, Foam CNC, Foam Cutting Machine CNC Wire Cutting Machine, Tape Edge Cutting Machine-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Custom Printed Paper Cardboard Slidie Jewelry Gift Packing Box]

2/3/4 Wires COB 40W 50W LED Track Light with 15/18/25/38/60 Degree Beam Angle,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Hot Sale Laser Projector RGB Laser Light for Stage]

2/3/4 Wires COB 40W 50W LED Track Light with 15/18/25/38/60 Degree Beam Angle, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Marine High Visibility Solas Reflective Tape, Part I.24L Thermoelectric Cooler and Warmer Car Mini Car Fridge. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Original Cummins Diesel Engine Spare Parts Flywheel Ring Gear]

Nubuck Leather Safety Shoe with EVA&Rubber Outsole (SN5444), J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Top Quality Waterproof IP66 Aluminum Die Cast Junction Box.Magic Tape Hook and Loop Fasteners, 175-184[Cnc Laser Cutter Steel]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Electrostatic Powder Color Coating Steel Coil Plate High Quality Z30-Z220 PVDF High Tensile High Strength]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Watch Back Case Battery Cover Opener Wrench Screw Remover Repair Tool. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Lost Wax Casting Precision Casting Spring Snap Hooks for Chain Rigging]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

ID25mm Od86mm Standard Through Hole Slip RingAuthor for correspondence