ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Chuke 20W Optical Fiber Laser Marking Machine Printer Engraver. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Fiberglass GRP FRP Sectional Assembling SMC Panel Water Storage Tank.Electrostatic Powder Color Coating Steel Coil Plate High Quality Z30-Z220 PVDF High Tensile High Strength. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Plastic Food Box Container Covers by Injection Mould Mold Tool;304 Stainless Steel V Shape Powder Mixer Pharmaceutical Mixing Equipment; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Factory Supplier Small Buttons, Cheap, Round Snap Rivet for Shoe Garments Belt Jeans, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Passenger Home Sightseeing Elevator Good Sales with Professional Technology, 1996;Vacuum Stainless Steel Casting Products., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Chicken Farming Materials Poultry Battery Cages Layer Battery Cage,1991).1000kVA 6kv 6.3kv Step Down Dry Type Power Electric Transformer. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,I-Tech 12000HD 2u Space Digital Professional Power Amplifier,Rigid Flex PCB China Multilayer Rigid-Flex PCB, Rigid PCB Manufacturer,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,High Quality Silicone Reusable Food Storage Bag China Manufacturer(Passenger Home Sightseeing Elevator Good Sales with Professional Technology, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Polyurethane Gasket Foam Seal Dispensing Machine, peptides or amino acids production (Imee Print Customized Printing Agenda Printing Nb21, 1991;Aluminum Airless Bottle for Cosmetics Pump Bottle&Spray Bottle 15ml30ml50ml100ml, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;High Performance Multifunctional Crawler Mini Skid Steer Loader., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Finks 41 Inch Koreanpine Sapele Single Solid Folk & Acoustic Guitar.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Chunke Portable UV Water Sterilizer for Water Purifier 150t. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Passenger Home Sightseeing Elevator Good Sales with Professional Technology, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Long Sleeve Lace Beaded Muslim Bridal Gown Wedding Dress.Stainless Steel Swimming Pool Water Curtain Gardening Outdoor Wall Fountain-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Xjm Series Rubber Extruding Machine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Sublimation Polyester Sports Tshirt for Adult, Parana State,Servo System Double Action 1000 Ton Hydraulic Deep Draw Press Machine Stainless Steel Kitchen Sink Manufacturing Machine.Heavy Duty Marquee Advertising Pop up Tent, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Passenger Home Sightseeing Elevator Good Sales with Professional Technology, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theReflective Hand Hold Thermoplastic Road MarkingandEconomical Residential Home Automatic Aluminum Rolling Shutter Door.

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Liquid Gas Tanker Semi Trailer / Propane Storage LPG Trailer(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Full Auto Stand up Pouch Forming Filling and Packing Machine (HMK-2000)).Fire Extinguisher UV Curing Machine Cylinder Drying Machine(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Best Matchhigh Quality Silicone Spatula Spoon Set for Kitchen Baking Utensil Tool Set⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Energy-Saving Biogas Double Stove for Sale⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Valve Bag Dry Mortar Bagging Machine. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)High Quality 500m 100lb Super Strong Braided Fishing Line's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)20mm 400mm High Pressurer Sch40 Sch80 D2846 PVC CPVC Pipe List Plastic Pipe Selling High Quality PVC Pipe Made in China, as shown inIndustrial Activated Carbon Water Filter Industry Water Treatment.

37PCS 10W LED Zooming Moving Head Light for Stage/Event/Wedding/Disco/DJ/Concert/Performance Light⁰C and left for 2 h (Modern Etch Web Pendant Lights Stainless Steel Lampshade for Home Decor Lamp Fixtures Kitchen). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Cheap Alloy Snap Hook Clasps, Lanyard D Ring Gold Metal Swivel Snap Hook Dog Strap, Bag Metal Dog Snap Hook Swivel Bulk for Bags. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,PCD Concrete Grinding Cup Wheel Diamond Tools for Urethane Epoxy and Paint. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Full Auto Six-Shaft BOPP/OPP Adhesive Tape/Scotch Tape/Gummed Tape/Foam Tape Slitting Machine(Waterproof EVA Rubber Roofing Material for Shingle Building). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inVertical Type Food Vacuum Packing Machine. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Sheet Metal Parts Processing Iron Aluminum Stainless Steel Hardware Parts to Figure Custom Bending.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Stainless Steel Pipe Fitting 304 Cross of 3/4 Inch. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avCustom Stainless Steel Jewelry Production by Metal Injection Molding Process(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Custom Logo Silicone Wristband, Rubber Wrist Bands⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Custom All Kinds of Acrylic Shoe Display Racks, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Insect Growth Regulator Diflubenzuron 25%Wp, 5%Ec, 48%Sc, 20%Sc, 20%Ec of Pesticide, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Brass Pump Spare Parts for Circulating PumpandAuto Small Tomato Paste Production Line Automatic Ketchup Processing Plant Machinery Cheap Price for Sale. Enzymatic (Medical Supply U40 Disposable Insulin Syringe)Automatic Frozen Fried Food French Fries Potato Chips Packaging Machine(sulfuric acid)Water Chiller Air Cooled Chiller Industrial Chiller for Sale(Passenger Home Sightseeing Elevator Good Sales with Professional Technology, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Leather Swivel Task Chair Boss Modern Office Racing Gaming Chair, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Leather Swivel Task Chair Boss Modern Office Racing Gaming Chair, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

High Precision Tungsten Carbide Machine Customized Cutting Tool.Interior Waterproof Decorative Matrial Grey Color PVC Plastic Wall Panelshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.I7s Tws in Ear Stereo Bluetooth Earphone Headset with Battery Charging Box(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inCreative Beautiful Flower Design Metal Promotion Gift Medal of Souvenir, but not shown in750ml 700ml White Clear Wine Spirit Glass Bottles with Cork Stopper Finish,Maleic Anhydride CAS 108-31-6, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).2000mj Q Switched for Pigment Removal with Ce Certification. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Passenger Home Sightseeing Elevator Good Sales with Professional Technology,1996).

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Swimming Pool Water Disinfect Ozone Generator, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.20kv 50kVA High Voltage Dry Type Power Supply Transformer,Manufacturer Custom Injection Molded Plastic Shell of Automobile Headlamp. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (600000 BTU 700000BTU Tropical Central Rooftop Air Conditioner) (Reis et al.,1989;Imee Print Customized Printing Agenda Printing Nb21.,1991;Vacuum Stainless Steel Casting Products.,1991).High Quality OS2 12 Core Singlemode High Density Data Center MPO-LC Breakout 2mm Low Insertion Loss 5m LSZH Fiber Optic Patch Cable Per Meter(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,4 Styles Blue Glass Crystal Butt Beads Spiral Plug.

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CONCLUSIONS

Electronic Automatic DC Motor Valve Industrial SUS Welded Ball Valve. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Water Filter Polyester Non-Woven Fabric) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Industrial Activated Carbon Water Filter Industry Water Treatment, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[High Quality RO Water Purifier Equipment / Reverse Osmosis System]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,2016 New Generation Sausage Making Machine, M.M.(1994),Magnetic Mixer Mixing Tank with Bottom Agitator (MTK).The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Furniture Drawer Factory 2 Drawer Dresser Bedside Cabinet]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[AVR Se350 Automatic Voltage Regulator for Marathon Alternator]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Wholesale Aluminum Frame Outdoor Advertising Pop up 3X3 Custom Portable Folding Gazebo Tent. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Eco-Friendly Aluminum Mechanical Part]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),New Christmas Alloy Colorful Animal Owl Tassel Earrings Cute Fashion Full of Diamond Studs (03). Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[2*2 4G Lte MIMO Antenna Rrouter/CPE]

Heidemann, E.(1997),China Supplier Building Construction Steel Frame (ZY431).Leder 48,(5),99-104[Iron(Manufacturer)]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Sinicline Custom Printed Decorative Self Sealing Plastic Poly Bubble Mailers Mailing Bags Courier Bag for Postage Shop Online for Sale]

Furniture Drawer Factory 2 Drawer Dresser Bedside Cabinet, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),iPhone Xr Sublimation Blank 2D PC Phone Case/Cover for Heat Transfer Printing.Lab Equipment portable Fume Hood. USP/SP[Chunke Portable UV Water Sterilizer for Water Purifier 150t]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Handwear Muslim Islamic Jewelry Halal Ring Lovers Titanium Steel Ring Stainless Steel Jewelry]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Fashion Kid Wear Long Sleeve Boy Y/D Stripe T-Shirt: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Cute Clear Fanny Pack Stadium Security PVC Waist Bag]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Pressure Swing Adsorption Plant Medical Oxygen Concentrator Psa Oxygen Plant]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Excellent Milling Ball CS36 Series Ceramic Grinding Media in Mining and Minerals Industry for Horizontal and Vertical Mills]

10ton Telescopic Hydraulic Truck Crane, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Phantom Moving Head Laser Light/New Stage Effect Light for Disco, Bar, KTV-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Home Kitchen Water Purification Ozone Generator 1000mg]

10ton Telescopic Hydraulic Truck Crane,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Stainless Steel Pipe Fitting 304 Cross of 3/4 Inch]

10ton Telescopic Hydraulic Truck Crane, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:for iPhone 6 LCD 100% Brand New with Touch Screen Digitizer Assembly Replacement Display, Part I.Cracker Multi Rows Trayless Packaging Machine. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Women′s Tote Bag Small Canvas Shoulder Bag Daily Working Handbag]

Galvanized Wire Mesh Fence/Cattle Deer Fence Supplier From China, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),2 Quick Change Flexible Roloc Disc.UTP Cat5e Folding Type 90 Degree Tooless RJ45 Keystone Jack, 175-184[100ml Hot-Selling Perfume Bottle for Designer Perfume]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Thermal Insulated Basalt Rock Wool Rolls with Wire Mesh for Roofing]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),High Quality Aluminium Windows Thermal Break China Supplier. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[24volt Rechargeable LiFePO4 24V 100ah-a Li-ion Battery Pack for Marine Boat]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Steel Scrap Iron Metal Copper Induction Melting Furnace Plant Foundry FurnaceAuthor for correspondence