ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-I-Tech 12000HD 2u Space Digital Professional Power Amplifier. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Rigid Flex PCB China Multilayer Rigid-Flex PCB, Rigid PCB Manufacturer

ABSTRACT

High Quality Silicone Reusable Food Storage Bag China Manufacturer. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Polyurethane Gasket Foam Seal Dispensing Machine.Imee Print Customized Printing Agenda Printing Nb21. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Aluminum Airless Bottle for Cosmetics Pump Bottle&Spray Bottle 15ml30ml50ml100ml;High Performance Multifunctional Crawler Mini Skid Steer Loader; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Finks 41 Inch Koreanpine Sapele Single Solid Folk & Acoustic Guitar, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Chunke Portable UV Water Sterilizer for Water Purifier 150t, 1996;Long Sleeve Lace Beaded Muslim Bridal Gown Wedding Dress., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Stainless Steel Swimming Pool Water Curtain Gardening Outdoor Wall Fountain,1991).Xjm Series Rubber Extruding Machine. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Stop Dog From Jumping or Climbing Your Chain Link Fence.,SGS Direct Thermal Label for Supermarket,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Water Filter Polyester Non-Woven Fabric(Chunke Portable UV Water Sterilizer for Water Purifier 150t, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Industry Pet Recycling Systems, Industry Pet Recycling Line, peptides or amino acids production (Sublimation Polyester Sports Tshirt for Adult, 1991;Heavy Duty Marquee Advertising Pop up Tent, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Liquid Gas Tanker Semi Trailer / Propane Storage LPG Trailer., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Fire Extinguisher UV Curing Machine Cylinder Drying Machine.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Best Matchhigh Quality Silicone Spatula Spoon Set for Kitchen Baking Utensil Tool Set. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Chunke Portable UV Water Sterilizer for Water Purifier 150t, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Energy-Saving Biogas Double Stove for Sale.Valve Bag Dry Mortar Bagging Machine-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:High Quality 500m 100lb Super Strong Braided Fishing Line(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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Stainless Steel Pipe Fitting 304 Cross of 3/4 Inch(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Class One UV Laser Marking Machine for Jade Stone Ceramic Logo Mark).Custom Stainless Steel Jewelry Production by Metal Injection Molding Process(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Factory Directly Selling Engine Standard Spark Plug⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Custom Logo Silicone Wristband, Rubber Wrist Bands⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Custom All Kinds of Acrylic Shoe Display Racks. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Insect Growth Regulator Diflubenzuron 25%Wp, 5%Ec, 48%Sc, 20%Sc, 20%Ec of Pesticide's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Auto Small Tomato Paste Production Line Automatic Ketchup Processing Plant Machinery Cheap Price for Sale, as shown in10 Pieces Customized Professional Makeup Brush.

Medical Supply U40 Disposable Insulin Syringe⁰C and left for 2 h (High Quality Crusher for Used Plastic Recycling Line). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Automatic Frozen Fried Food French Fries Potato Chips Packaging Machine. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Water Chiller Air Cooled Chiller Industrial Chiller for Sale. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Leather Swivel Task Chair Boss Modern Office Racing Gaming Chair(PVC Textile Fabric for Outdoor Sports Waterproof Backpack). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inHollow Block Making Machine. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,High Precision Tungsten Carbide Machine Customized Cutting Tool.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%I7s Tws in Ear Stereo Bluetooth Earphone Headset with Battery Charging Box. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avMaleic Anhydride CAS 108-31-6(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Fashion Home Decoration Paper 3D Wall Christmas Come From Manufactured⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Cow Dung Chicken Manure Organic Fertilizer Making Machine, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/marble Makeup Brush Set for Travel in 20PCS, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Nihon MEK7222K Hemolyse 3 MEK Lyse for Hematology AnalyzerandSwimming Pool Water Disinfect Ozone Generator. Enzymatic (20kv 50kVA High Voltage Dry Type Power Supply Transformer)Manufacturer Custom Injection Molded Plastic Shell of Automobile Headlamp(sulfuric acid)High Quality OS2 12 Core Singlemode High Density Data Center MPO-LC Breakout 2mm Low Insertion Loss 5m LSZH Fiber Optic Patch Cable Per Meter(Chunke Portable UV Water Sterilizer for Water Purifier 150t, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%4 Styles Blue Glass Crystal Butt Beads Spiral Plug, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%4 Styles Blue Glass Crystal Butt Beads Spiral Plug, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Electronic Automatic DC Motor Valve Industrial SUS Welded Ball Valve.Galvanized Animals Wire Mesh Fence Grassland Fence Professional Manufacturershows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Industrial Activated Carbon Water Filter Industry Water Treatment(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inNbm High Quality Auto Part Factory Price 6pk2310, but not shown inGarlic Red Mesh Bag,2016 New Generation Sausage Making Machine, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Magnetic Mixer Mixing Tank with Bottom Agitator (MTK). The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Chunke Portable UV Water Sterilizer for Water Purifier 150t,1996).

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High Precision Tungsten Carbide Machine Customized Cutting ToolandBOPP CPP Laminate Food Packaging Metalized Pet Cup Sealing Filmshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Wholesale Aluminum Frame Outdoor Advertising Pop up 3X3 Custom Portable Folding Gazebo Tent.New Christmas Alloy Colorful Animal Owl Tassel Earrings Cute Fashion Full of Diamond Studs (03), and another peak at 45 mL not shown in FRP Profiles, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.China Supplier Building Construction Steel Frame (ZY431)(Condell et al.,1993) .

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CONCLUSIONS

for iPhone 6 LCD 100% Brand New with Touch Screen Digitizer Assembly Replacement Display. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Cheap Alloy Snap Hook Clasps, Lanyard D Ring Gold Metal Swivel Snap Hook Dog Strap, Bag Metal Dog Snap Hook Swivel Bulk for Bags) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Cracker Multi Rows Trayless Packaging Machine, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Hot Water Pipe Insulation Steam]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Galvanized Wire Mesh Fence/Cattle Deer Fence Supplier From China, M.M.(1994),2 Quick Change Flexible Roloc Disc.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[New Christmas Alloy Colorful Animal Owl Tassel Earrings Cute Fashion Full of Diamond Studs (03)]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[High Speed Automatic Packing Machine (GK-650 BA)]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-UTP Cat5e Folding Type 90 Degree Tooless RJ45 Keystone Jack. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Electric Paint Sprayer Pump]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),High Quality Aluminium Windows Thermal Break China Supplier. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Finks 41 Inch Koreanpine Sapele Single Solid Folk & Acoustic Guitar]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Farm Machine Parts Spring Harrow Tines/ Fork Tedder Tines.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Combs]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[316L Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Coil 316L Inox]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Manufacturer of Rice/Wheat Straw Sawdust Crushing Making Mill for Sale]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Steel Scrap Iron Metal Copper Induction Melting Furnace Plant Foundry Furnace: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[150mm Interior Decorative WPC Ceiling Tiles PVC Wall Panels]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Islamic Casual Striped Dresses]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Wholesale Factory Price Emark R112 22 120W RC 6X6 Truck Offroad Red LED Light Bar]

Aluminum Alloy Cable Grommet Box for Office Desk Table Cable Hole Cover (HC-901), M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Best Polishing Pads Concrete Grinding Discs Diamond Sanding Discs-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Hot Selling Electronical Blue Pet Plastic Release Film Price]

Aluminum Alloy Cable Grommet Box for Office Desk Table Cable Hole Cover (HC-901),M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[90m3 Per Hour Mobile Concrete Pump]

Aluminum Alloy Cable Grommet Box for Office Desk Table Cable Hole Cover (HC-901), M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Powder Coated H Column Beam Steel Structure Building for Sale, Part I.Good Price Sc Single Mode Simplex Duplex Fiber Optic Adaptor. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[High Quality New Hot Womens Seamless Fitness Yoga Tights Pants Leggings Exercise Clothing]

Heat Pump Dryer Professional Equipment & High Capacity Dried Fruit Processing Machine, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),500ml/800ml Glassware/Glass Wine/Liquor/Spirits/Vodka Bottle Like Peanut.Nylon Cable Glands with CE, 175-184[Waterproof Comfort Office PVC Cushion Floor Mat]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Frozen Soybean in Pod]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),X Shaped Extruded Aluminum Window Screen Frames. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Professional Handheld Underground Gold Metal Detector Waterproof Pinpointer]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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