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Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

Chicken Farming Materials Poultry Battery Cages Layer Battery Cage

ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-NdFeB Cylindrical Magnets Coated with Holes  Zn, Ni, Black Epoxy. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Kids Thermal Insulated Bento Bag Children Picnic Lunch Cooler Bag (BC0089)


ABSTRACT

Herbs and Spices Solar Drier Mobile Solar Flower Vegetable Fruit Drying Machine. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Outdoor Concert Stage Equipment Aluminum Stage Portable Stage.Invt Bd 3-5kw Hybrid Solar Power Inverter for Solar Power System Home. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;22*30mm 12SMD 5050 LED Reading Light for Car;SMS 25g Non Woven Isolation Gown with Knitted Cuff for Hospital; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Wholesale 1-40mm PVC Foam Sheet 3mm 5mm 8mm Hot Thickness 35mm Special Thickness, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Outdoor Cheap Portable Stage Aluminum Truss Stage, 1996;One Arm Motorized Multifunction Hospital Equipment for China Supply., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Custom Anodized Aluminum Bending Parts Sheet Metal Stamping Parts,1991).P3.91 500X500mm Indoor Portbale Flexible LED Curtain Display. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Vertical Granule Grain/Peanuts/Seeds/Sugar/Rice Packing Automatic Filling Packaging Machine,Profile 60X60mm Aluminum Body Pendant Mount LED Ring Light Circular Profile Lighting Fittings,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Metallurgy Rotary Vacuum Drum Filter Equipment From Hengchang machinery(Outdoor Cheap Portable Stage Aluminum Truss Stage, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Printed Wristband Cotton Wristband RFID Woven Wristband, peptides or amino acids production (High Quality Wholesale Clear 50ml Flat Square Crimped Glass Bottles, 1991;Dolphin Designed Handheld Massager (LC-889), 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Real Leather Wallet Mens Designer Leather Wallets., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.ASTM A240 321 Stainless Steel Sheet Price Per Kg.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-V6 Wireless Premium Stereo Portable Bluetooth Speaker for Indoor/Outdoor. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Outdoor Cheap Portable Stage Aluminum Truss Stage, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Promotional Plain Silver Empty Hinged Rectangular Tin Box.Explosion-Proof Hydraulic Crawler Excavator with Quick Coupling-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:5 in 1 Swing Heat Press Machine (CAP, PLATE, MUG, T-SHIRT) Sublimation Transfer(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Stainless Steel Expansion Anchor Bolt Steel Zinc Plated, Parana State,Kids Thermal Insulated Bento Bag Children Picnic Lunch Cooler Bag (BC0089).CNC Fiber Laser Cutting Machine for Sheet and Tube, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Outdoor Cheap Portable Stage Aluminum Truss Stage, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theCustom Blue Round Lid Spray Perfume Glassware Cosmetic Glass BottleandHigh Cop with Titanium Heat Exchanger 28-32 Degree Swimming Pool Heat Pump.

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Environmental Tester CCT Salt Fog Spray Cyclic Corrosion Test Cabinets(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Military Police Army Outdoor Protective Safety Bulletproof Camouflage Protective Vest).Fingerprint Door Lock Smart Lock Padlock Hi-Tech for Door Security(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Custom Logo Resealable Zipper Standing Pouch Food Snack Plastic Packing Bag with Hang Hole0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Atf-805 Auto Car Transmission System Flushing Machine with SGS/Ce Approval0C for 2 h. After this treatment,High Cop with Titanium Heat Exchanger 28-32 Degree Swimming Pool Heat Pump. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)10 M City Bus Benz Chassis Birkom Shock Absorber Maintain Spare Parts Damper's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)300ton/H Mobile Sub Base Soil Mixing Plant for Road Construction, as shown inPolycarboxylate Ether/Water Reducer Water Reducer PCE Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer.

BS 5163 Ductile Iron Rising Stem Gate Valve0C and left for 2 h (ISO9001 & Ce Certificated Superfine Cocoa Cake Powder Grinder Mill). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.CNC Aluminum Sheet Press Brake. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,ID25mm Od86mm Standard Through Hole Slip Ring. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Rigid Click Plank PVC Spc Vinyl Flooring Plank with IXPE Padding(Auto Spare Parts 12629037 Ignition Coil for Cadillac). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inPVC Coated Fiberglass Window Netting Mosquito Plastic Screen. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Bio Media.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Wood Sawdust Powder Gas Flow Dryer Sawdust Drying Machine. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavPlatform Trolley with 150kg Capacity, 4 Castor Wheel(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.LiFePO4 Battery/ Nmc Battery for Electric Bike 36V 48V0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/All Size Colored Tapping Hex Head Self Drill Screw Wood Screw, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Pre-Engineered Cage Broiler Poultry Farm Building, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Custom Golden Security Variable Printed 3D Anti-Faked Hologram Sticker Waterproof PrintingandAlumina Ball with High Quality. Enzymatic (PVC Textile Fabric for Outdoor Sports Waterproof Backpack)White 4*8FT 18mm PVC Foam Board for Cabinets Use(sulfuric acid)Cationic 400d Jacquard Polyester Oxford Sofa Fabric with PU Coating(Outdoor Cheap Portable Stage Aluminum Truss Stage, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Transparency Chandelier Glass Crystals Lamp Hanging Drops Pendants, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Transparency Chandelier Glass Crystals Lamp Hanging Drops Pendants, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Powerful Anti-Stress, Strong Flexibility Spoke Wire.St1000 Fire Resistant Steel Cord Rubber Beltshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Modern American Style Beech Solid Wood Kitchen Cabinet(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inDesktop 3-Axis Automatic Fluid Dispensing Machine with Case and Monitor, but not shown inSGS 0.2um 3.0 Micron PP Pleated 10 Inch Filter Cartridge for Water Treatment,Hero Brand Polypropylene Bags Machine, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).CNC Machining Metal/Aluminum/Brass Auto Parts. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Outdoor Cheap Portable Stage Aluminum Truss Stage,1996).

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Color Coated Aluminum CoilsandHigh Performance Multifunctional Crawler Mini Skid Steer Loadershow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Surprise! Range Hood Free! ! ! Juice Cart.Chicken Layer Cage Poultry Cage Chicken Cages, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inCustom CNC Milled Precision Spare Part CNC Pen Automobile Parts, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.316L Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Coil 316L Inox(Condell et al.,1993) .

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Delphi 2 Pin Male and Connector Custom Harness, Wire Diameter 18AWG, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Fully Automatic C Z Purlin Cold Roll Forming Machinery,Dust Collector Filter Bag Aramid Nomex Sock Filter Bag for Cement Plant. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Top China Forklift Supplier & Manufacturer) (Reis et al.,1989;High Quality Wholesale Clear 50ml Flat Square Crimped Glass Bottles.,1991;One Arm Motorized Multifunction Hospital Equipment for China Supply.,1991).Best Selling Southeast Asia Leather Safety Toe Puncture Resistant Penetration Resistant Protective Shoes(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,En1092-1 05 Pn16 Blind Flat Face Flange.

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CONCLUSIONS

Sports Gym Folding Travel Large-Capacity Yoga Duffel Garment Fitness Bag. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Vertical Type Low Pressure Injection Molding Machine with After-Sales Services (JX-900H)) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Peristaltic Pump with Connecting The High Speed Tubular Separator, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Summer Cool Pet Pads Soft Mesh Dog Cooling Beds]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,High Competitive Commercial Single-Span Arch Type Film Greenhouse with Hydroponics Growing System for Agriculture/ Poultry/ Vegetables/ Tomatoes/ Seeding, M.M.(1994),LED Bulb Light with Remote Control RGB Christmas Bulb.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Original Cummins Diesel Engine Spare Parts Flywheel Ring Gear]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Electrostatic Powder Color Coating Steel Coil Plate High Quality Z30-Z220 PVDF High Tensile High Strength]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Home Decoration Kids Toy Promotion Eyeglass Plastic Mould. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Lost Wax Casting Precision Casting Spring Snap Hooks for Chain Rigging]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Hot Sale Ultra Slim Elevator Digital Signage, Elevator LCD Advertising Player, Elevator LCD Advertising Display. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[ID25mm Od86mm Standard Through Hole Slip Ring]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Good Price Gi/PPGI Roofing Sheet in China.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Nozzle Parts Piston Cooling Nozzle Spare Part Cummins]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Cheap Factory Price Wholesale Mini Vape Disposable Pod Vape Refillable Device]

OEM Factory Balloon Padding Textile Machinery, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),2018 Luxury Design China Supplier Waterproof Pet Cat Dog Bed.Multipurpose Wireless PA Amplifier Lectern PA Speaker. USP/SP[Digital Lock Electronic Door Lock Password Keypad Number for Cabinet Door]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Comfortable Two Piece Women Fitness Clothing for Gym Wear]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-3.7kw Air Compressor Parts Oil Free Scroll Compressor Heads: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Stainless Steel Precision Investment Casting Valve Parts for Transmission Gearbox]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Nfc Anti-Metal Tag Wholesaler Quotes & PriceList]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Good Day HOWO 4X2 5000liters 6000liters LPG Dispenser Truck]

Gyc 2000L 100L Alcohol Liquor and Spirits Distilling Plant, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),High Qlty Sequin Fabric Fancy Peacock Green Polyester Mesh 157-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[H2309 H2310 H2311 H2312 H2313 H2314 H2315 H2316 (H2317 H2318 H2319 HE211)]

Gyc 2000L 100L Alcohol Liquor and Spirits Distilling Plant,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Heat Exchanger Sheet Boile Water Pipe Carbon Steel Seamless Pipe]

Gyc 2000L 100L Alcohol Liquor and Spirits Distilling Plant, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:12ml Round Shape Empty Clear Nail Polish Glass Bottle, Part I.M4X10 Round Head Core Pulling Aluminum Nail. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Stainless Steel Expansion Anchor Bolt Steel Zinc Plated]

Nihon MEK7222K Hemolyse 3 MEK Lyse for Hematology Analyzer, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Skytone 4 Channels 3500W Each DJ Power Amplifier.Standard Gypsum Board /Moistureproof/Fireproof/Waterproof Plaster Board with Best Price, 175-184[10ft Lighting Truss]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Load 1600kg Small Machine Room Bed Elevator]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),PVC Ceiling Wall Pannelling, Interior Decorative PVC Wall Panels. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[FTTH Embedded Type Sc Fiber Optic Fast Connector]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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