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Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Humizone Seaweed Customized Organic Liquid Fertilizer. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Zipper Fabric Travel Passport Wallet Organiser


ABSTRACT

Hot Sale Instax Mini Camera Korea Style Photo Album. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Aluminum Low Profile Adjustable Bracket.Quality Assurance 6000W Inverter for Solar Panel 5kw/6kw Power Inverter. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Baby Feeding Chair Plastic Chair for Feeding Hebei China, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Best Hot 120 Gas Pump Nozzle Fuel Injector Nozzle, 1996;Plastic Injection Molding for Auto Parts., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Round Type Twin Screw Extruder Barrel Manufacturer,1991).ASA-UPVC Anti-Corrosive Composite Roof Tile. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Fabricated Steel and Heavy-Duty Sheet Weigh Bench for Ventilation System,Sexy Mesh Transparent Female Running Tank Top with Hood Custom,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Color Cardstock Color Paper Manufacturer(Best Hot 120 Gas Pump Nozzle Fuel Injector Nozzle, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Custom High Precision Aluminum/Stainless Steel/Brass CNC Machining Car Spare Parts, peptides or amino acids production (Home and Office PVC Vinyl Flooring Conductive Plank Flooring, 1991;Precision Engineering Parts Bearing Support Unit for Ball Screw, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;LED Table Lamp LED Desk Lamps LED Table Light 5W DC5V 1200mAh Modern Fashion LED Baby Study Light Lighting Eye Protection., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.165cm Realistic Full Solid TPE Sex Doll Big Breast Love Doll for Man.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Silicone Cake Mold Sinle Cupcake DIY. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Best Hot 120 Gas Pump Nozzle Fuel Injector Nozzle, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Plastic Pipe Clamp for Refrigeration Pipe System Pipe Fitting.10g Food/Pharmaceutical Desiccant Silica Gel for Moisture Absorbing-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Cross Stripe Sleeveless Yoga Wear(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Canton Fair Galvanized Steel Aluminium Ibr Roof Sheet Roll Forming Making Machine, Parana State,Zipper Fabric Travel Passport Wallet Organiser.BOPP CPP Laminate Food Packaging Metalized Pet Cup Sealing Film, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Best Hot 120 Gas Pump Nozzle Fuel Injector Nozzle, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theFashion European 925 Sterling Silver Butterfly Flower Crystal Engagement RingandQuality Assured High Tenacity and Hightly Stretchable Nn Nylon Rubber Conveyor Belt.

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Metal Trapezoidal Roof Sheet Roll Forming Machine for Roof Panel(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Alumina Ball with High Quality).CNC Machining Checking Auto Car Checking Fixture(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Stainless Steel Thread Ends Sanitary Butterfly Valve with Pull Handle0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%T Series Bevel Helical Gearboxes for Sale0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Military Police Army Outdoor Protective Safety Bulletproof Camouflage Protective Vest. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Colorful PVC Foam Board with High Density and Customizable Size's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Air Vent Diffuser Adjustbable Air Well and Jet Diffuser, as shown in Automotive Water Pump Seal.

Original Stainless Steel Singer Brand Sewing Machine Needles0C and left for 2 h (Multicore Underground Aluminum Conductor Steel Tape Armored Power Cable). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Food Grade Window Brown Craft Paper Coffee Compostable Packaging Bag Corn Biodegradable. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Silicone Rubber Electronic Cable with High Flexibility, High Temperature Resistance. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Dn250-Pn16-10inch-PTFE-Seat Wafer 316-Cast-Steel Double Acting Pneumatic Actuator Butterfly Valve(Best Polishing Pads Concrete Grinding Discs Diamond Sanding Discs). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in10cbm High Frequency Vacuum Wood Dryer Machine. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Steel Bar Peeling Lathe Machine.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Chemical Product Sodium Gluconate Used for Concrete Admixture. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavAdding Water Rice Pulping Machine/Soybean Grinding Machine(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Lm Series Miniature Lm8uu Liner Ball Bush Bushing Ball Bearing0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Hot Sale 8 Inch Wheelchair Rubber Wheel Solid PU Small Tire, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Hanging Necklace Fan USB Rechargeable Battery Operated Fan, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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120W Ultra Light Solar Blanket Panel for Camping, Caravan, Motorhome.Eco-Friendly Recycling PS Foam Container Production Lineshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Effluent Treatment Ferrous Sulphate Heptahydrate 98%(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inMedical Packing Bags, but not shown in Strong Flexibility Spoke Wire,Rechargeable 9V Li Ion Battery with Micro USB Charging Port, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Transport System China Manufacturer for Table Belt Conveyor. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Best Hot 120 Gas Pump Nozzle Fuel Injector Nozzle,1996).

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Ferrite Core for Power Transformer (Ee16e), Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Aluminium Unitized Curtain Wall for Office Building, Gymnasium and Hotel,China Manufacturer Wallpaper House Decoration Wall Paper. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (High Quality Mini LED Flood Light SMD Flood Light 50W) (Reis et al.,1989;Home and Office PVC Vinyl Flooring Conductive Plank Flooring.,1991;Plastic Injection Molding for Auto Parts.,1991).Flexible Magnetic Rubber Sheet Soft Magnetic Tape(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Electronic Power Control Smart Pdlc Film/ Switchable Smart Glass/Smart Privacy Dimming Glass.

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CONCLUSIONS

Electric Wine Bottle Opener K020. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Black Steel ASTM A192 Seamless Pipe Sch120) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Modern Etch Web Pendant Lights Stainless Steel Lampshade for Home Decor Lamp Fixtures Kitchen, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Tungsten Bolts/Screws/Nuts]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,China Battery Factory Direct Sale OEM 36V 2.6ah Lithium Battery, M.M.(1994),China Factory Wholesale Custom Cheap Football Fan Scarf (M-NF19F10010).The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[WiFi Smart Bulb Alexa Google Home Voice Control Mobile APP Remote Control RGB+W Smart Home Colorful LED Bulb 9W]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Customizable Oxygen Concentrator 20 Lpm Pressure Swing Adsorption Plant]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Spine Shape Landscaping Artificial Turf Grass. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Pre-Engineered Cage Broiler Poultry Farm Building]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),08bsb 40sb Double Flex Chain Alloy Steel Transmission Side Bow Chain. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[New Funfair Outdoor Sky Space Walk Tourist Bike Amusement Park Rides]

Heidemann, E.(1997),3mm Acrylic Sheet Acrylic Board Acrylic Plate for Advertising Sign Board.Leder 48,(5),99-104[220GSM Glossy Solvent Inkjet Printing Photo Paper]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Amazon Hot Selling Kids Playing Pop up Goal]

U. S. Type Drop Forged Wire Rope Clip, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Diesel Engine Type Zzs Sand Vibrating Screen.Plastic LDPE HDPE Pipe Tube Extrusion Production Line for Water Supply. USP/SP[Best Quality 24V 90ah 100ah 110ah Lithium Battery Byd Catl Tesla]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Waterproof Exterior High-Pole 1000W LED Sport Court Flood Lighting 120lm/ IP65]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Bluetooth Smart Watch with Heart Rate Monitor for Men 72087: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[10 M City Bus Benz Chassis Birkom Shock Absorber Maintain Spare Parts Damper]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[GBHW-800 Fully Automatic Edge Cutting Machine]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Steel Bar Peeling Lathe Machine]

Trendy High Quality 925 Stering Silver Tennis Glod Charm, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Polypropylene Continuous Fiberglass Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Pipe Sheet Laser Cutter with Tube Cutting]

Trendy High Quality 925 Stering Silver Tennis Glod Charm,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Galfan Wire (Aluminium-Zinc Alloy coated)]

Trendy High Quality 925 Stering Silver Tennis Glod Charm, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Stand 2.5t Electric Pallet Truck, Part I.Full Body Neck Back Buttocks Vibrating Car Seat Massage Cushion. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[LED Screen Display Wireless Charging 10000mAh Power Bank]

Racket Shape Flat Bamboo Sticks Kabob BBQ Skewers, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Automatic Round Bottle Shrink Sleeve Labeling Machine for PVC Label.Men Fashion Plaid Design Polyester Ties (WH24), 175-184[51103 Bearing]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Hpt621 Self-Calibration GPS RS232 0-5V Fuel Level Sensor for Truck]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),70m Series Aluminiun Plastic Coated Profile for Widnows. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Pearls Flake 99% Factory Naoh Caustic Soda]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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