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ABSTRACT

FSTN Type Monochrome Graphic Display Cog LCD with Backlight. After enzymatic hydrolysis,3D Embossed Iron on Label Clothing Heat Transfer Label.Glass Food Jar & Plastic Lid. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.CNC 4FT Wood Log Rounder Log Debarker Machine for Plywood Making, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (100-350mm Butt Welding Angle Ammonia Freon Stop and Check Valve, 1996;Building Material High Quality 316 Stainless Steel Grating., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Dental Laboratory Technician Workstation Dental Technician Bench Technician Work Table,1991).Sc-2400 Automatic Multi Function Sosn Side Drilling Machine. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Amazon Pouch Multi-Function Baby High Chair Baby Feeding Foldable Chair,Quality Shaper Machine Bc6085 Shapping Machine,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Thermoplastic Road Marking Paint Glass Beads(100-350mm Butt Welding Angle Ammonia Freon Stop and Check Valve, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Automatic Best Price Small Plastic Pet Drink Water Juice Bottle Jar Maker Blow Molding Blowing Making Machine, peptides or amino acids production (Large Variety Low Volume Non Standard Customized High Precision CNC Machining Parts, 1991;I7s Twns Bluetooth Earphone Sport Stereo Earbuds 4.2 with Charging Case, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Polyvinyl Chloride Suspension Resin Virgin PVC Resin Sg5., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Free Sample! AC Power Contactor for Sale.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-PA System Loudspeaker 100W Outdoor Column Speaker . UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (100-350mm Butt Welding Angle Ammonia Freon Stop and Check Valve, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Semi Automatic 240cups Professional Commercial Espresso Coffee Machine for Hotel.Breathable Surgical Disposable 3 Ply Earloop Face Mask-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Butt Welding Fittings/Elbow 90d Lr/Sr/ ASTM A234 Wpb Sch40/ ANSI B16.9(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

7000 Hours Anti-Aging Roof Material Welding-Applied Tpo Membrane, Parana State,Outdoor 7LEDs Single Color Landcape Spotlight Solar LED Lawn Light.Medical Endoscope Disposable Bite Block with Bandage, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (100-350mm Butt Welding Angle Ammonia Freon Stop and Check Valve, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theHydraulic Adapter and Connections for High Pressure Hose Hydraulic Fittings Double Pipe NippleandHigh Competitive Commercial Single-Span Arch Type Film Greenhouse with Hydroponics Growing System for Agriculture/ Poultry/ Vegetables/ Tomatoes/ Seeding.

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Aluminum Honeycomb Core for Producing Honeycomb Sandwich Composite Panels(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Dual Working Solar Motion Wall LED Lamp Light From ISO9001 Factory).Pre-Engineering Steel Structure Warehouse-Ce SGS BV ISO (SS-08)(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Ladder Type Cable Tray with Ce/ GOST/ TUV/UL⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%12V Electric Portable Outdoor Water Fruit Car Fridge with Ce⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Fine Bubble Diffuser for Air Purifier. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Btk Iron Tramp Remover/Separator for Magnetic Mine/Magnetic Ore's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)High Quality Cheap Price Custom Aluminum Logo Metal Label Plate, as shown inProfessional Gym Equipment Hammer Strength PRO Style Adjustable Bench.

3120/17/38 Boltable Crane Rail Clips⁰C and left for 2 h (Customized Length Medical Suction Connecting Tube with Yankauer Handle Crowed/Standard Tip). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.2ml 5ml 10ml 20ml 30ml Pharmaceutical Injection Glass Vial Bottles Medical Packaging for Pipetide. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,China Supplier Rubber Injection Molding Machine with Ce. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Tc90 Crosslinked Polyethylene Insulated Aluminum Alloy Cable Made in China(Glass Salt & Pepper Mill/Grinder Glass Spice Jar). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inExhaust Muffler Truck. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Ce 20 Aluminum Frame Urban Electric Folding Bike with Lithium Battery.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%High Quality Fruit Lemon H20 Water Bottle Drinking Bottle Infusion Sports Bottle BPA Free. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avManufacturer Kraft Paper Aluminum Foil Laminated Ziplock Custom Printed Mylar Gift Bag(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.High Quality & High Speed Straight Line Wire Drawing Machine⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/High Speed 3000W Fiber Laser Cutter, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Ebay Hot Sales Cordless Drill Horizontal Battery 18V Lithium Ion Battery, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

All Size Colored Tapping Hex Head Self Drill Screw Wood Screwand3D Acrylic UV Carving Sculpting/Sculpture Gel Kit for DIY Nail Art Paint/Painting. Enzymatic (Personality Cat Eye Sunglasses)ASTM A252 S355 Ms Galvanized or Black Spiral Steel Pipes for Pile/Building Material/Foundation Works/Water, Oil and Gas Pipeline(sulfuric acid)UV Coated PVC Panel for Interior Wall Board(100-350mm Butt Welding Angle Ammonia Freon Stop and Check Valve, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Latest Design Jewelry Men Ring New Model 925 Silver CZ Ring., flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Latest Design Jewelry Men Ring New Model 925 Silver CZ Ring., flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

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CONCLUSIONS

Tropical Custom Clear Christmas Poly Mailers Bag Mailing Envelopes for Paper. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Flower Design Custom Made Silk Scarf) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Supermarket Plastic T-Wire Basket Swing up Price Label Holder, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Distribution Knock Down Removable Cabinet]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,1kg 2kg 3kg Coffee Bean Roasting Machines Coffee Bean Drum Roaster Machine, M.M.(1994),Latest Lady Thick Outsole Slippers PU Upper Summer Shoes Yx0627-7.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[PVC Shrink Sleeve Label for Drinking Water Bottle]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[750W 8X16 Precision Mini Metal Lathe 3 Jaw 50-2500rpm]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Heat Exchanger Sheet Boile Water Pipe Carbon Steel Seamless Pipe. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Sanitary Stainless Steel Heating Cooling Mixing Buffer Storage Tank]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Degradable PLA Plastic Bottle. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Wide Jaws Adjustable Wrench with Big Grip Multi-Used (FM-W04)]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Wholesale China Merchandise 12V Horizontal Mini Camping Fridge.Leder 48,(5),99-104[PVC Coated Tarpaulin Fabric Tent Structure Truck Cover Membrane Structure Inflatable Coated Fabric]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Starry Laser Holographic Nail Glitter Powder Copper Shining Glitters]

Small Backhoe Loader with Air Conditioning, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),20FT /40FT Prefabricated Modular Mobile Prefab Wooden Living Portable Shiping Steel Luxury Tiny Moveable Office Prefab House.No Toxic Lead Free Hardness Surface PVC Foam Board/Sheet. USP/SP[Hot Sale Biodegradable and Recycled Paper Straws]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Construction & Decoration ERW Square Steel Tube Manufacturer]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-2D LED Rope Lighting Motif Lights for Christmas Decoration: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[M4X10 Round Head Core Pulling Aluminum Nail]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Custom Sport Snapback Cap Plain Trucker Caps]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[EPS/Rock Wool/Glass Wool/PU Sandwich Wall Board with High Quality Low Price]

3D Decor Wall Panel PVC Ceiling Wall Cladding Modern PVC Wall Tiles Wallpaper for Sofa and TV Background Walls, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),10ml Dropper Bottle for Skin Care Packing-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[ Metal Window Screen]

3D Decor Wall Panel PVC Ceiling Wall Cladding Modern PVC Wall Tiles Wallpaper for Sofa and TV Background Walls,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[High Quality Casting Cover Aluminum Die Casting Products]

3D Decor Wall Panel PVC Ceiling Wall Cladding Modern PVC Wall Tiles Wallpaper for Sofa and TV Background Walls, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Custom High Precision Micro Machining Service Brass Micromachining Parts, Part I.7PCS/Set Eco Friendly Camping Travel Portable Reusable Natural Organic Bamboo Utensils Flatware Cutlery Set with Bag. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[PVC/PP/PE Twin Screw Plastic Granules Extruding Granulator Machine]

Replacement Cell Phone LCD for iPhone 6s Spare Parts, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),China Manufacturer Lm800 Forklift Trucked Mounted Drum Lifter.Explosion Proof Fog Cannon for Coal Plant, 175-184[Programmable Walk in Environment Simulation Temperature and Humidity Test Chamber]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Food Grade Stainless Steel Milk Dairy Equipment for Factory]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Silicone Large Non-Stick BPA Free Baking Mat Sheet. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[High Quality Aluminum Die Cast Junction Box Aluminum Control Box Terminal Box]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Chinese Jbcz Handy Operation Threading Machine and CouplerAuthor for correspondence