ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Professional Manufacture Commercial Use Spice Grinder. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Full Automatic Top Quality Hot Sale Pine Chips / Wheat Straw Gasifier Power Plant

ABSTRACT

Stainless Steel Liquid Nitrogen Gas Restriction Orifice Plates Flow Meter Price. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Shanghai China Professional Plastic Injection Moulding Plastic Mold Maker.Wall Washer Light Building Decoration Landscape LED IP65 Linear Light. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Professional Stainless Steel Ethanol Processing Plant From Cassava;5W Ultra-Thin Tiltable LED Down Light; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Modern 6 Passengers Electric Golf Car Wholesale (DG-C6-8), about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (1.5/2 power 50Hz ZN SERIES Vibrator motor, 1996;Good Quality NBR70 O-Ring with Reasonable Prices., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Cartoon Custom Plastic Mini Cushion brush Hair Comb for Girl Children,1991).OPP Printed Block Bottom Bags. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,CNC Sheet Metal Stainless Steel Plate Pipe Metal Sheet V Grooving Machine,Hot Sale Biodegradable and Recycled Paper Straws,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Modern Mesh Metal Executive Task Racing Ergonomic Computer Office Chair(1.5/2 power 50Hz ZN SERIES Vibrator motor, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Fashion Design and Comfortable Safety Work Shoes with Composite Toe, peptides or amino acids production (2 Layers Rotary Vibrating Sieving Machine for Fine Corn Powder, 1991;Farm & Industry Used Storage Grain Silo, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;FRP Counter Flow Low Noise Round Type Cooling Tower 600rt., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.St1000 Fire Resistant Steel Cord Rubber Belt.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Four Color Long Sleeve Yoga Wear. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (1.5/2 power 50Hz ZN SERIES Vibrator motor, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Normal Cheap Ce S3 Standard Safety Shoes/Safety Footwear Ax05034.China Modular Luxury Movable Shipping Container Beautiful Villa House with Bathroom Tiny Modular Homes-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Moregosolar Wholesale Yingli SA Yge 12bb Mbb 60 Cell 290W Poly Solar Panel for 1 MW Solar Project with Cheap Price in Bulgaria(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Replacement Sullair Screw Air Compressor Unloading Valve 250025-655 for Sale, Parana State,Full Automatic Top Quality Hot Sale Pine Chips / Wheat Straw Gasifier Power Plant.Factory Price 6000 Series Industrial Extruded Aluminum Tube, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (1.5/2 power 50Hz ZN SERIES Vibrator motor, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the TV650L) /Beer Brewing Sanitary Fermentation Fermenting Tank Beverage Storage TankandElectric 100W Three Wheels Toy Car for Sale.

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WPC Decking Profile Making Machine(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Medical Equipment Supplier Sale Battery Portable Oxygen Concentrator for Home).Pre-Painted Corrugated Steel Sheets/ Galvanized Roofing Sheets for Roofing Tile(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%CNC Cutting Machine Machining Parts Hardware Vehicle Part Grinding Parts Cutting Machine Hardware Accessories⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Party Mask LED Fiber Dance Princess Feather Mask⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,80GSM C2s Coated Glossy/Matt Art Paper for Printing. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Customized High Quality Aluminum Alloy Extrusion Enclosure Extruded Case for Power Inverter's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Reusable Silicone Straight Straws, as shown inCustom Metal Stamping Parts Laser Cutting Aluminum Sheet Metal Fabrication.

Easy Foldable Kids Walking Chair Toys Baby Walker⁰C and left for 2 h (Automatic Food Cookies Cake Cartoning Machine for Big Size Carton Box). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Yellow Hazardous Spill Response Chemical Spill Kits. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Anhui Hydraulic Sheet Metal Bending Machine. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'304 Stainless Steel Standard V-Band Clamps for Turbo(Eco-Friendly Barware Food Grade Stainless Steel 304 Reusable Custom Straws). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inWedge Lock/Ring-Lock Scaffolding Vertical Pipe. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Outdoor Cat Scratching Tree Cat Climbing Modern Luxury Large Cat Tree.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%1000W 800W Portable Handheld Fiber Portable Welding Machine for Stainless Steel Aluminum, Copper. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avChristmas Tree S14 Festoon Vintage Bulb Waterproof String Light Party E26 E27 Socket Decorative Outdoor LED Garden Light(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Sany 20ton Mobile Crane Stc200 100 Ton Mobile Crane⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Eco-Friendly Aluminum Mechanical Part, CNC Machining, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Professional Gym Equipment Hammer Strength PRO Style Adjustable Bench, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Heat Treated Welding Protection Glassfiber Cloth Ht800andStationary Electric Hydraulic Car Lift Platform Scissor Lift/Lifting Table. Enzymatic (Glue Free /with Glue Cotton Production Making Machine Line Stiff Wadding Machine Production Line/ Nonwoven Machinery Glue Free Wadding Machine)Double-Wall Fabric PVC Inflatable Boat Fabric PVC Coated Drop Stitch Fabric(sulfuric acid)Travel Canvas Cosmetic Makeup Pouch Bags for Purse with Zipper(1.5/2 power 50Hz ZN SERIES Vibrator motor, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Ductile Iron Flanged Swing Check Valve, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Ductile Iron Flanged Swing Check Valve, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Ozonated Water for Vegetables and Fruits Washing Ozone Generator.New Condition Hot Sale Automatic Animal Feed Cooler Machineshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Fabric Wrapped Oil Resistant Flexible Rubber Fuel Hose(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inBio Media, but not shown in28/400 28/410 28/415 Plastic Sprayer Pump From Manufacturer Chinese Sprayer,Day and Night Zebra Blind Fabric Z1602, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).40*20*2mm 6082 Aluminum Rectangular Tube with Round Corners in Stock. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (1.5/2 power 50Hz ZN SERIES Vibrator motor,1996).

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Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate/Sapp/Disodium Dihydrogen Pyrophosphate

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CONCLUSIONS

Snooker China Top 1 26~909kg/24h Commercial Cube Ice Machine. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Bio&Media Urea (UA) Test Kit/Ivd Reagent/Uao-Pod Method/Hospital/Lab/Stable and Efficient) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

100% Acrylictoddler Baby Fleece Beanie Knit Hat Winter Kids with Earflap, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Cheap 1X1 Animal Cages Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh Rolls for Pets Bird Quail Rabbit Chicken Cage]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Square Premium Glass Perfume Bottle 100ml, M.M.(1994),Granule Packing Machinery for Pumpkin Seedas /Sunflower Seeds /Melon Seeds.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Reflective Aluminum Foil Fiberglass Cloth Tape (flame retardant)]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[China Supplier Rubber Injection Molding Machine with Ce]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Ceramic Tile Cutting Tool Diamond Saw Blade with Hot Pressed. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Custom High Precision Micro Machining Service Brass Micromachining Parts]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Handheld Portable Veterinary Ultrasound Equipment for Farm Horse Cow Sheep. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Custom Velvet Gift Jewelry Packaging Pouch with Plastic Lock Close]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Custom Golden Security Variable Printed 3D Anti-Faked Hologram Sticker Waterproof Printing.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Pc Sheet Accessories]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Automatic Three Side Sealing Facial Mask Bag Making Machine]

50kg Unmanned Two-Way Magnetic Tape Guided Agv, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),High Quality Inflatable PVC Flocking Health Bed.Hinge Joint Fence/Cattle Fence/Sheep Fence/Deer Fence/Animal Fence. USP/SP[Yutong Zhongtong Higer Golddragon Kinglong Bus Spare Parts Fan Belt]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Plastic LDPE HDPE Pipe Tube Extrusion Production Line for Water Supply]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Cast Iron Butterfly Valve with Handles: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Hydraulic Adapter and Connections for High Pressure Hose Hydraulic Fittings Double Pipe Nipple]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[High Precise Control Resin Injection Machine]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[High Competitive Commercial Single-Span Arch Type Film Greenhouse with Hydroponics Growing System for Agriculture/ Poultry/ Vegetables/ Tomatoes/ Seeding]

Furniture Grade E1 Glue Plywood with Competitive Price, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),28/400 28/410 28/415 Plastic Sprayer Pump From Manufacturer Chinese Sprayer-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[5050 LED Strip RGB Double PCB 12V IP20 Non- Waterproof]

Furniture Grade E1 Glue Plywood with Competitive Price,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Dual Working Solar Motion Wall LED Lamp Light From ISO9001 Factory]

Furniture Grade E1 Glue Plywood with Competitive Price, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Underground Garden 6W High Power Outdoor LED Lawn Light, Part I.Stamping Metal Parts Manufacturer Sheet Parts Fabrication. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Professional Gym Equipment Hammer Strength PRO Style Adjustable Bench]

Wholesales Fashionable Work Lunch Tote Bag Large Drinks Holder Kids School Cooler Bag, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),3DTALK ES100 LCD light Curing High Precision 3D Printer Resin 3D printer for jewelry Maker DIY.Hexagonal Netting/ Gabion Box/ Gabion Basket, 175-184[Flat Bottom Pouch Cat Food Packaging Feed Bag Pet Food Pouch]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Customized Length Medical Suction Connecting Tube with Yankauer Handle Crowed/Standard Tip]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Different Thickness High Quality Aluminum Foil for Glass Bottle Lid. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Glass Salt & Pepper Mill/Grinder Glass Spice Jar]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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