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Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-LED Flasher Relay 7 Pin for Suzuki Drz400s/Sm Gsxr Gsx Signal Light Blinker. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,High Quality Xanthan Gum for Personal Care and Cosmetic Applications


ABSTRACT

Manual Vertical Car Key Cutting Machine for Locksmith. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Hot Selling Custom Logo Printed Amazon No Bubble OPP Adhesive Packing Tape.Zinc Alloy Lid Zamak Alloy Casting Cap (STK-14-Z0069). Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Transparent Color Stretch Wrap Film Manual Operate Wrap Film;Good Price Welding Electrode (e7018/e7018-1); chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Ep/Nn/EPP Industrial Rubber Conveyor Belt, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Tpo Waterproof Membrane/Thermoplastic Polyolefin for Rooofing, 1996;New PP Plastic 24mm 28mm Liquid Cream Pump for Lotion Bottles Rd-238., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Custom Logo Fleece Hoodies Men Pullover Neno Oversized Men′s Hoodies,1991).Auto Spare Parts Ignition Coil Fp85-18-100c. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,vacuum Pressure Impregnation CCA Wood Preservative Treatment Equipment,Flooded Type Water Cooled Screw Chiller,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Promotional Custom Embossed Cups with Logo Print for Office/Holiday/Birthday(Tpo Waterproof Membrane/Thermoplastic Polyolefin for Rooofing, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Enameled Mini Cast Iron Casserole, peptides or amino acids production (Good Quality Tomato Sauce Making Machine, 1991;Vitamin B1 HCl 98% Feed Grade, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;2018 TPR Clean Teeth Training Dog Pet Chew Toy., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Good Quality Zinc Plated Slotted Hex Head Roofing Screw.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Vertical Automatic Sachet Bag Water Juice Milk Liquid Filling Packing Pouch Machine. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Tpo Waterproof Membrane/Thermoplastic Polyolefin for Rooofing, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 105050 LED Strip RGB Double PCB 12V IP20 Non- Waterproof.Polycarboxylate Ether/Water Reducer Water Reducer PCE Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:High Quality Orthopedic Fiberglass Splint(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Reflective Hand Hold Thermoplastic Road Marking, Parana State,High Quality Xanthan Gum for Personal Care and Cosmetic Applications.Wide Jaws Adjustable Wrench with Big Grip Multi-Used (FM-W04), exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Tpo Waterproof Membrane/Thermoplastic Polyolefin for Rooofing, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theDiesel Engine Type Zzs Sand Vibrating ScreenandCondoms/Sex Toys/Capsule Toy Vending Machine.

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Wooden Heavy Door All Kind of Stainless Steel Ball Bearing Door Hinge(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (New Arrival Educational Wooden Toddler Walking Toys for Push Along W16e115).Food Grade Stainless Steel Threated Butterfly Valve(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%PVC/PP/PE Twin Screw Plastic Granules Extruding Granulator Machine0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Zw32m-12 Vcb 12kv Outdoor High Voltage Vacuum Circuit Breaker0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Suction Function Handheld Cool and Heat Food Bowl for Baby. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)9.0m Long 26PCS Globe Bulbs Solar Powered G40 LED String Light, for Patio Garden Backyard (Warm white)'s method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)JIS S Type Cast Iron Water Filter Dn25, as shown in600000 BTU 700000BTU Tropical Central Rooftop Air Conditioner.

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Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Worm Gear Fluorine Lined Butterfly Valve Flanged Type. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavH. 265 2.0megapixel 4X Zoom (2.8-12mm) IP IR Waterproof Camera(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

Poultry House, Livestock, Poultry Farm(HPLC)

The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.1100 T Aluminum Billet Heating Furnace with Hot Log Shear in Aluminum Extrusion Machine0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Luxury Nice Designs Mother and Son Size Security Metal Copper Door W-Stz-02-2, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Black Slim PU Leather Passport Travel Wallet, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Furniture Drawer Factory 2 Drawer Dresser Bedside CabinetandASTM A269 TP304L Annealed and Polished Stainless Seamless Steel Pipe. Enzymatic (Automatic Fabric Cutting Machine for LeatherShoesPVCEVACarbon BoxGarmentCloth Materials with Ce)3 Colors Tactical Shooting Hunting Camouflage Clothes Suit(sulfuric acid)1.3KG Fire breaker for kitchen(Tpo Waterproof Membrane/Thermoplastic Polyolefin for Rooofing, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Ce RoHS FCC Shop Advertising Neon Illuminated LED Open Sign, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Ce RoHS FCC Shop Advertising Neon Illuminated LED Open Sign, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Korean Integrated CTO Activated Carbon Filter for Water Treatment.AVR Se350 Automatic Voltage Regulator for Marathon Alternatorshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Vacuum Squeeze Filter Press for Coal Flotation Tailings(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inEco-Friendly Aluminum Mechanical Part, but not shown in2*2 4G Lte MIMO Antenna Rrouter/CPE,Modular Portable Shipping Container Lkit Building Home Villa House, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).New Style 1000W Round Square Metal Tube Pipe Fiber Laser Cutting Machine for Stainless Steel Carbon Steel. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Tpo Waterproof Membrane/Thermoplastic Polyolefin for Rooofing,1996).

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Chunke Portable UV Water Sterilizer for Water Purifier 150tandHandwear Muslim Islamic Jewelry Halal Ring Lovers Titanium Steel Ring Stainless Steel Jewelryshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-China Supplier of Excavator Spare Parts for Caterpillar Cat330.Auto Accessories 3D/5D/7D Hot Press Car Pads for Toyota Innova crystal, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inCute Clear Fanny Pack Stadium Security PVC Waist Bag, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Aquarium Air Pump with 2 Nozzles Adjustable Gas Flow(Condell et al.,1993) .

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Wheel-Type-Carriage Precision Heavy Duty Linear Guide, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Double-Offset Double Flanged Stainless Steel Butterfly Valve,Automotive Acrylic Wholesale Masking Tape Factory Price. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Home Kitchen Water Purification Ozone Generator 1000mg) (Reis et al.,1989;Good Quality Tomato Sauce Making Machine.,1991;New PP Plastic 24mm 28mm Liquid Cream Pump for Lotion Bottles Rd-238.,1991).Home Decoration Candle Glass Holder for Table Decorative(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Wholesale Wooden Lid Borosilicate Jam Honey Storage Glass Jars.

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CONCLUSIONS

Wholesale Black Galvanized Head Stainless Steel Screw. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (3.5-7.0g Ozone Generator Purification ---Commercial) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Hardware Rigging Galv Zinc Plated M10 Eye-Hook DIN1480 Turnbuckle, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Type Flood Gate Used For The Garage Home]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Outdoor Dining Table Set Stainless Steel Table Mesh Fabric Chair, M.M.(1994),OEM Logo Soft Silicone Reusable BPA Free Drinking Straws.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Thermal Insulated Basalt Rock Wool Rolls with Wire Mesh for Roofing]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[24volt Rechargeable LiFePO4 24V 100ah-a Li-ion Battery Pack for Marine Boat]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Coated Waterproof Tarp Fabric Sheet Cover PP/PE Tarpaulin. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Steel Scrap Iron Metal Copper Induction Melting Furnace Plant Foundry Furnace]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),4 Drawer Steel Office Vertical Filing Cabinet. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Top Quality Waterproof IP66 Aluminum Die Cast Junction Box]

Heidemann, E.(1997),12V Kids Ride on Remote Control Battery Powered Electric Toy RC Car.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Free Samples Factory Direct Sales Hot Dipped Galvanized Barbed Wire]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Foldable Bed Military Cot for Camping]

3 PCS Headband for Baby Girls with Hair Bows, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Parts for Crane Outrigger Hydraulic Oil Cylinder.Boned Polyester Woven Faux Suede Sofa Fabric. USP/SP[Heavy Duty Wood Door Calibrating Wide Belt Sander]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[High Safety Double Wire Security Metal Welded Wire Mesh Fence]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Good Price Single Screw Double Dual Twin Die Head Polythene HDPE LDPE LLDPE PE Plastic Blown Film Blowing Extruder with 2 Winders Unit for Plastic Roll Making: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Humic Acid Bio-Fertilizer Granule Making Machine]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Copper Mining High Frequency Vibrating Screen Machine / Classifying Equipment]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Automatic Round Bottle Shrink Sleeve Labeling Machine for PVC Label]

20 Bottles Electric Wine Display Cooler, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),High-Efficient Htk Walnut Shell Filter for Water Purification-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[China Stable Frequency Control Baby Diapers Making Machine (YNK400-FC)]

20 Bottles Electric Wine Display Cooler,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Nylon Balance Bike with Water Transfer Printing Malaysia]

20 Bottles Electric Wine Display Cooler, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Stainlesss Steel 304 Forged Pipe Nipple Threaded Nipple (KT0576), Part I.Crystal Glass Rose Flower Wedding Table Decorations (JD-CF-100). The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[65 Inch Smart Digital 3D 4K UHD Flat Screen Television Color LCD LED TV]

Popular European Style White Marble Coffee Tables for Dinnig Room, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),High Quality Product IP66 Waterproof 3 Pin Industrial Straight Plug and Socket.FM/UL Certificated Casting Ductile Iron Epoxy/Painted/Galvanized Red/Blue Pipe Fittings Grooved Equal Outlet for Fire Safety/Protection/Fighting System, 175-184[blockmachinechina]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Angle Iron Steel Purlin Q235/345 Equal Angle Steel / Hot Dipped Galvanized Beam]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Kwikstage Scaffolding System-Diagonal Brace. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Fabric Wrapped Oil Resistant Flexible Rubber Fuel Hose]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

SDS160 50mm/160mm Socket Fusion HDPE PPR Pipe Butt WelderAuthor for correspondence

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