ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Fiberglass GRP FRP Sectional Assembling SMC Panel Water Storage Tank. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Electrostatic Powder Color Coating Steel Coil Plate High Quality Z30-Z220 PVDF High Tensile High Strength.Plastic Food Box Container Covers by Injection Mould Mold Tool. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;304 Stainless Steel V Shape Powder Mixer Pharmaceutical Mixing Equipment;Factory Supplier Small Buttons, Cheap, Round Snap Rivet for Shoe Garments Belt Jeans; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Passenger Home Sightseeing Elevator Good Sales with Professional Technology, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Vacuum Stainless Steel Casting Products, 1996;Chicken Farming Materials Poultry Battery Cages Layer Battery Cage., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (1000kVA 6kv 6.3kv Step Down Dry Type Power Electric Transformer,1991).I-Tech 12000HD 2u Space Digital Professional Power Amplifier. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Rigid Flex PCB China Multilayer Rigid-Flex PCB, Rigid PCB Manufacturer,High Quality Silicone Reusable Food Storage Bag China Manufacturer,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Polyurethane Gasket Foam Seal Dispensing Machine(Vacuum Stainless Steel Casting Products, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Imee Print Customized Printing Agenda Printing Nb21, peptides or amino acids production (Aluminum Airless Bottle for Cosmetics Pump Bottle&Spray Bottle 15ml30ml50ml100ml, 1991;High Performance Multifunctional Crawler Mini Skid Steer Loader, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Finks 41 Inch Koreanpine Sapele Single Solid Folk & Acoustic Guitar., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Chunke Portable UV Water Sterilizer for Water Purifier 150t.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Long Sleeve Lace Beaded Muslim Bridal Gown Wedding Dress. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Vacuum Stainless Steel Casting Products, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Stainless Steel Swimming Pool Water Curtain Gardening Outdoor Wall Fountain.Xjm Series Rubber Extruding Machine-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Stop Dog From Jumping or Climbing Your Chain Link Fence.(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

SGS Direct Thermal Label for SupermarketAlcalase2.5 L DX,Water Filter Polyester Non-Woven Fabric, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Industry Pet Recycling Systems, Industry Pet Recycling Line); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Sublimation Polyester Sports Tshirt for Adult(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Heavy Duty Marquee Advertising Pop up Tent, Parana State,Chuke 20W Optical Fiber Laser Marking Machine Printer Engraver.Liquid Gas Tanker Semi Trailer / Propane Storage LPG Trailer, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Vacuum Stainless Steel Casting Products, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theBluetooth Smart Watch with Heart Rate Monitor for Men 72087andMarine High Visibility Solas Reflective Tape.

Maleic Anhydride CAS 108-31-6

China Dn 15-1200 Tee

Fire Extinguisher UV Curing Machine Cylinder Drying Machine(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (High Quality Feet Protection Industrial Cow Split Leather Working Safety Shoes).Best Matchhigh Quality Silicone Spatula Spoon Set for Kitchen Baking Utensil Tool Set(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Energy-Saving Biogas Double Stove for Sale⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Valve Bag Dry Mortar Bagging Machine⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,High Quality 500m 100lb Super Strong Braided Fishing Line. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)20mm 400mm High Pressurer Sch40 Sch80 D2846 PVC CPVC Pipe List Plastic Pipe Selling High Quality PVC Pipe Made in China's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)37PCS 10W LED Zooming Moving Head Light for Stage/Event/Wedding/Disco/DJ/Concert/Performance Light, as shown inAcm Dewatering Twin Screw Extruder.

Cheap Alloy Snap Hook Clasps, Lanyard D Ring Gold Metal Swivel Snap Hook Dog Strap, Bag Metal Dog Snap Hook Swivel Bulk for Bags⁰C and left for 2 h (Medical Product Nonwoven Disposable Surgical Gown PP Isolation Gown). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.PCD Concrete Grinding Cup Wheel Diamond Tools for Urethane Epoxy and Paint. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Full Auto Six-Shaft BOPP/OPP Adhesive Tape/Scotch Tape/Gummed Tape/Foam Tape Slitting Machine. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Sheet Metal Parts Processing Iron Aluminum Stainless Steel Hardware Parts to Figure Custom Bending(China Professional Mold Factory Plastic Injection Mould Maker). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inDetergent Powder Packing Machine (Ah-Fjj100). The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Stainless Steel Pipe Fitting 304 Cross of 3/4 Inch.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Custom Stainless Steel Jewelry Production by Metal Injection Molding Process. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avFactory Directly Selling Engine Standard Spark Plug(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Custom All Kinds of Acrylic Shoe Display Racks⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Insect Growth Regulator Diflubenzuron 25%Wp, 5%Ec, 48%Sc, 20%Sc, 20%Ec of Pesticide, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Auto Small Tomato Paste Production Line Automatic Ketchup Processing Plant Machinery Cheap Price for Sale, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

SGS Direct Thermal Label for SupermarketandMedical Supply U40 Disposable Insulin Syringe. Enzymatic (Automatic Frozen Fried Food French Fries Potato Chips Packaging Machine)Water Chiller Air Cooled Chiller Industrial Chiller for Sale(sulfuric acid)Leather Swivel Task Chair Boss Modern Office Racing Gaming Chair(Vacuum Stainless Steel Casting Products, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%High Precision Tungsten Carbide Machine Customized Cutting Tool, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%High Precision Tungsten Carbide Machine Customized Cutting Tool, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

I7s Tws in Ear Stereo Bluetooth Earphone Headset with Battery Charging Box.Granule Packing Machinery for Pumpkin Seedas /Sunflower Seeds /Melon Seedsshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Maleic Anhydride CAS 108-31-6(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inOutdoor Cheap Portable Stage Aluminum Truss Stage, but not shown inW11S-20X3200 Hydraulic Universal Three Rollers Sheet Plate Rolling Bending Machine,2000mj Q Switched for Pigment Removal with Ce Certification, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Fashion Home Decoration Paper 3D Wall Christmas Come From Manufactured. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Vacuum Stainless Steel Casting Products,1996).

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20kv 50kVA High Voltage Dry Type Power Supply Transformer, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Manufacturer Custom Injection Molded Plastic Shell of Automobile Headlamp,High Quality OS2 12 Core Singlemode High Density Data Center MPO-LC Breakout 2mm Low Insertion Loss 5m LSZH Fiber Optic Patch Cable Per Meter. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Commercial Fitness Gym Strength Equipment Half Rack Body Solid Power Cage) (Reis et al.,1989;Aluminum Airless Bottle for Cosmetics Pump Bottle&Spray Bottle 15ml30ml50ml100ml.,1991;Chicken Farming Materials Poultry Battery Cages Layer Battery Cage.,1991).4 Styles Blue Glass Crystal Butt Beads Spiral Plug(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Electronic Automatic DC Motor Valve Industrial SUS Welded Ball Valve.

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CONCLUSIONS

Industrial Activated Carbon Water Filter Industry Water Treatment. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Industry Pet Recycling Systems, Industry Pet Recycling Line) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

2016 New Generation Sausage Making Machine, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[High Quality Stainless Steel Industrial Pasta Machine]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Magnetic Mixer Mixing Tank with Bottom Agitator (MTK), M.M.(1994),Wholesale Aluminum Frame Outdoor Advertising Pop up 3X3 Custom Portable Folding Gazebo Tent.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Silicone Cake Mold Sinle Cupcake DIY]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Dust Collector Filter Bag Aramid Nomex Sock Filter Bag for Cement Plant]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-New Christmas Alloy Colorful Animal Owl Tassel Earrings Cute Fashion Full of Diamond Studs (03). Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Home and Office PVC Vinyl Flooring Conductive Plank Flooring]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),China Supplier Building Construction Steel Frame (ZY431). Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Pet Laminate Aluminium Foil/Pet+Alu+PE]

Heidemann, E.(1997),iPhone Xr Sublimation Blank 2D PC Phone Case/Cover for Heat Transfer Printing.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Diy Paving Molds]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Shenzhen Manufacturer High Quality Metal CNC Precision Machining Titanium/Stainless Steel/Brass Custom Aluminum Case/Box/Casing/Enclosure]

1.5 Inch Dn40 48.3mm Scaffolding Tube Pre Galvanized Steel Pipe Price, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Lab Equipment portable Fume Hood.Fashion Kid Wear Long Sleeve Boy Y/D Stripe T-Shirt. USP/SP[High Flex Quality Roll Cheap Glitter Heat Transfer Vinyl Printing]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Food Grade Window Brown Craft Paper Coffee Compostable Packaging Bag Corn Biodegradable]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-10ton Telescopic Hydraulic Truck Crane: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Aluminum Foil Heat Shield Screen Matting Adhesive Backed]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[1.54 Inch Tft For Smart Watch]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Clear PVC Sheet with Coating for Card]

Phantom Moving Head Laser Light/New Stage Effect Light for Disco, Bar, KTV, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),for iPhone 6 LCD 100% Brand New with Touch Screen Digitizer Assembly Replacement Display-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Customized Stable Burn-in Test Equipment]

Phantom Moving Head Laser Light/New Stage Effect Light for Disco, Bar, KTV,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[China Manufacturer Wallpaper House Decoration Wall Paper]

Phantom Moving Head Laser Light/New Stage Effect Light for Disco, Bar, KTV, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Cracker Multi Rows Trayless Packaging Machine, Part I.Galvanized Wire Mesh Fence/Cattle Deer Fence Supplier From China. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Square Steel Pipe/Tube/Pre Galvanized Rectangular Steel Pipe in China Supplier/Structural Tube]

2 Quick Change Flexible Roloc Disc, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),UTP Cat5e Folding Type 90 Degree Tooless RJ45 Keystone Jack.High Quality Aluminium Windows Thermal Break China Supplier, 175-184[40kg Industrial Automatic Ice Maker Machine Cube Ice Machine]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[China Factory Product International Marketing Aluminum Ceramic Corner Tile Edge Trim Line for Marble Wall]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Farm Machine Parts Spring Harrow Tines/ Fork Tedder Tines. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[3pH in 3 pH out High Frequency Online UPS - Modular UPS 10 -300kVA]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Glue Free /with Glue Cotton Production Making Machine Line Stiff Wadding Machine Production Line/ Nonwoven Machinery Glue Free Wadding MachineAuthor for correspondence