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Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Plain Makeup Bag Canvas Cosmetic Bag. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,14inch -16.5inch Student / Beginner Maple Laminated Viola with Free Viola Case, Viola Bow


ABSTRACT

1/2 Inch 4sh 4sp Steel Wire spiral High Pressure Hose. After enzymatic hydrolysis,High Pressure Food Grade Forged Tube Screwed Connector Stainless Steel Pipe Fitting Casting Nipple.Handwear Muslim Islamic Jewelry Halal Ring Lovers Titanium Steel Ring Stainless Steel Jewelry. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Factory Wholesale Qualited Polyester Padding Men Jacket;5.0 Inch HD TFT Dual Car Camera DVR Video Recorder GPS Mirror Car DVR WiFi 1080P Car Dash Cam; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Food Grade Reusable Silicone Food Storage Bag OEM Manufacturer, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Natural Jute Lace Burlap Ribbon for Bow Ribbon DIY Decoration, 1996;Shima Seiki Ssg 122sc 16g Flat Bed Knitting Machines Collar Sweater Good Condition., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Double Sides PVC Coated Fabric for Rafting Boat and Inflatable Boat,1991).River Water Cleaning Sludge Sediment Machine Lamella Clarifier. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Polyester Coated Stainless Steel Ladder Type Metal Ties,2019 Ebay Hot Prefilled Salt Nicotine Tomato Sauce Disposable Vape Device,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,SDS160 50mm/160mm Socket Fusion HDPE PPR Pipe Butt Welder(Natural Jute Lace Burlap Ribbon for Bow Ribbon DIY Decoration, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Copper Laminated Steel Strip T2/C11000, peptides or amino acids production (Halal Empty Gelatin Capsule for Medicine, 1991;Valve Rubberwasher, Wholesale Hot Sale Rubber Silicone Seal Diaphragm, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Gym Fitness Exercise Sporting Body Building Bicep Press., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Chinese Forklift Hydraulic Manual Fd30 3 Ton Forklift Truck.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Metal Steel Frame Membrane Structure Car Parking Shed Cover Design. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Natural Jute Lace Burlap Ribbon for Bow Ribbon DIY Decoration, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Jm305 Hot Sell Single Bowl Kitchen Sink with Small Size.300X800mm 3D Ink-Jet Ceramic Interior Bathroom Wall Tile-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Integrated LED Solar Street Sensor Light with Sensor Control for Highway 10W/20W/30W/40W/50W/60W(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Polyester Dust Sport Gym Fabric Shoes Drawstring BagAlcalase2.5 L DX,Furniture Drawer Factory 2 Drawer Dresser Bedside Cabinet, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-1.5 Inch Dn40 48.3mm Scaffolding Tube Pre Galvanized Steel Pipe Price); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Servo System Double Action 1000 Ton Hydraulic Deep Draw Press Machine Stainless Steel Kitchen Sink Manufacturing Machine(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Chuke 20W Optical Fiber Laser Marking Machine Printer Engraver, Parana State,14inch -16.5inch Student / Beginner Maple Laminated Viola with Free Viola Case, Viola Bow.Fiberglass GRP FRP Sectional Assembling SMC Panel Water Storage Tank, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Natural Jute Lace Burlap Ribbon for Bow Ribbon DIY Decoration, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theElectric 510mm Bar Length Dual Action Blade Handy Hedge Cutter Trimmer Fot TractorandPolyester Coated Stainless Steel Ladder Type Metal Ties.

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Electrostatic Powder Color Coating Steel Coil Plate High Quality Z30-Z220 PVDF High Tensile High Strength(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Promotional Custom Embossed Cups with Logo Print for Office/Holiday/Birthday).Plastic Food Box Container Covers by Injection Mould Mold Tool(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%304 Stainless Steel V Shape Powder Mixer Pharmaceutical Mixing Equipment0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Factory Supplier Small Buttons, Cheap, Round Snap Rivet for Shoe Garments Belt Jeans0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Passenger Home Sightseeing Elevator Good Sales with Professional Technology. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Vacuum Stainless Steel Casting Products's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Chicken Farming Materials Poultry Battery Cages Layer Battery Cage, as shown in380mm Working Area Concrete Diamond Floor Edge Grinder.

1000kVA 6kv 6.3kv Step Down Dry Type Power Electric Transformer0C and left for 2 h (Rd 10 Portable Air Operated Double Stainless Steel Diaphragm Pump). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.I-Tech 12000HD 2u Space Digital Professional Power Amplifier. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Rigid Flex PCB China Multilayer Rigid-Flex PCB, Rigid PCB Manufacturer. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'High Quality Silicone Reusable Food Storage Bag China Manufacturer(PRO-Installer Fiber Optic Termination Kit Lk-6016). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inPlastic Injection Fitting Auto Home Appliance Turnover Box Storage Basket Mould. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Polyurethane Gasket Foam Seal Dispensing Machine.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Imee Print Customized Printing Agenda Printing Nb21. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavAluminum Airless Bottle for Cosmetics Pump Bottle&Spray Bottle 15ml30ml50ml100ml(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Finks 41 Inch Koreanpine Sapele Single Solid Folk & Acoustic Guitar0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Chunke Portable UV Water Sterilizer for Water Purifier 150t, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Long Sleeve Lace Beaded Muslim Bridal Gown Wedding Dress, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

48 Cavities of Plastic Pet Preform Injection Mold with Hot RunnerandStainless Steel Swimming Pool Water Curtain Gardening Outdoor Wall Fountain. Enzymatic (Xjm Series Rubber Extruding Machine)Stop Dog From Jumping or Climbing Your Chain Link Fence.(sulfuric acid)SGS Direct Thermal Label for Supermarket(Natural Jute Lace Burlap Ribbon for Bow Ribbon DIY Decoration, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Water Filter Polyester Non-Woven Fabric, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Water Filter Polyester Non-Woven Fabric, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Industry Pet Recycling Systems, Industry Pet Recycling Line.Flat Surface Mounted 300mm 24W LED Panel Light for Interiorshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Sublimation Polyester Sports Tshirt for Adult(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inWarm Women Suede Leisure Snow Boots for Winter (FF-1), but not shown inSMD 5050 RGB Flexible LED Strip (60LED/m) with Factory Bottom Price,Heavy Duty Marquee Advertising Pop up Tent, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Liquid Gas Tanker Semi Trailer / Propane Storage LPG Trailer. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Natural Jute Lace Burlap Ribbon for Bow Ribbon DIY Decoration,1996).

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Dental Equipment Dental Intraoral Camera Endoscope 17 Inch LCD Monitorand Head Lamp Fabia Mining Lampshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Fire Extinguisher UV Curing Machine Cylinder Drying Machine.Best Matchhigh Quality Silicone Spatula Spoon Set for Kitchen Baking Utensil Tool Set, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inT Series Bevel Helical Gearboxes for Sale, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Energy-Saving Biogas Double Stove for Sale(Condell et al.,1993) .

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Valve Bag Dry Mortar Bagging Machine, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.High Quality 500m 100lb Super Strong Braided Fishing Line,20mm 400mm High Pressurer Sch40 Sch80 D2846 PVC CPVC Pipe List Plastic Pipe Selling High Quality PVC Pipe Made in China. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Heat Shrink Automatic Flow Wrapping Packing Machine) (Reis et al.,1989;Halal Empty Gelatin Capsule for Medicine.,1991;Shima Seiki Ssg 122sc 16g Flat Bed Knitting Machines Collar Sweater Good Condition.,1991).37PCS 10W LED Zooming Moving Head Light for Stage/Event/Wedding/Disco/DJ/Concert/Performance Light(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Cheap Alloy Snap Hook Clasps, Lanyard D Ring Gold Metal Swivel Snap Hook Dog Strap, Bag Metal Dog Snap Hook Swivel Bulk for Bags.

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CONCLUSIONS

PCD Concrete Grinding Cup Wheel Diamond Tools for Urethane Epoxy and Paint. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (1.5 Inch Dn40 48.3mm Scaffolding Tube Pre Galvanized Steel Pipe Price) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Full Auto Six-Shaft BOPP/OPP Adhesive Tape/Scotch Tape/Gummed Tape/Foam Tape Slitting Machine, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Fashion Women Hair Accessories Hair Bow Colorful Headband for Girls]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Sheet Metal Parts Processing Iron Aluminum Stainless Steel Hardware Parts to Figure Custom Bending, M.M.(1994),Stainless Steel Pipe Fitting 304 Cross of 3/4 Inch.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Nh4cl White Granular Agricultural Grade Ammonium Chloride]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[New Style Fashion Custom Branded Printing Sublimation Plain Summer Merino Wool Cotton Bamboo Polyester Leisure Quick Dry Undershirt Slim Fit Long Sleeve T-Shirt]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Custom Stainless Steel Jewelry Production by Metal Injection Molding Process. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Fb-5.0s 5.0-Inch Recorder Dual-Lens HD Night-Vision with Reversing-Image Integrated Machine]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Factory Directly Selling Engine Standard Spark Plug. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[3PC Stainless Steel Flanged End Ball Valve 3 Inches 150]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Custom Logo Silicone Wristband, Rubber Wrist Bands.Leder 48,(5),99-104[1.5kVA ~90kVA SVC Automatic AC Voltage Regulator (SVC)]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Paper Pulp Egg Tray Machine Fruit/ Egg Tray Plate Carton Box Making Forming Packaging Producing Manufacturing Production Machine]

Pipe Conveyor Belt, Ep Conveyor Belt/ Nn Conveyor Belt, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Custom All Kinds of Acrylic Shoe Display Racks.Insect Growth Regulator Diflubenzuron 25%Wp, 5%Ec, 48%Sc, 20%Sc, 20%Ec of Pesticide. USP/SP[Halal Chicken Slaughter Machine for Sale]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[ Wire and Insulation]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Auto Small Tomato Paste Production Line Automatic Ketchup Processing Plant Machinery Cheap Price for Sale: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[12V 24V 5rpm 30rpm 100rpm 2n. M High Torque Worm Gear DC Motor]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Top Automatic Projector Screen/Motorized Electric Projection Screen]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Electric Galvanized Coated Barbed Wire (MT-BW013)]

Medical Supply U40 Disposable Insulin Syringe, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Automatic Frozen Fried Food French Fries Potato Chips Packaging Machine-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Hardware Rigging Galv Zinc Plated M10 Eye-Hook DIN1480 Turnbuckle]

Medical Supply U40 Disposable Insulin Syringe,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[304 316 316L Stainless Steel Banding Strap Disc Ties in Plastic Dispenser]

Medical Supply U40 Disposable Insulin Syringe, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Water Chiller Air Cooled Chiller Industrial Chiller for Sale, Part I.Leather Swivel Task Chair Boss Modern Office Racing Gaming Chair. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Party Mask LED Fiber Dance Princess Feather Mask]

High Precision Tungsten Carbide Machine Customized Cutting Tool, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),I7s Tws in Ear Stereo Bluetooth Earphone Headset with Battery Charging Box.Maleic Anhydride CAS 108-31-6, 175-184[CD1 MD1 20ton Electric Wire Rope Hoist Electric Winch for Crane]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Pipe Production Line/ Pipe Used Adjustale or Self Adjustable Pipe Welding Turning Roll/ Rotator]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),2000mj Q Switched for Pigment Removal with Ce Certification. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Ductile Iron Standard Brackets Pipe Hanger]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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