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ABSTRACT

3.5-7.0g Ozone Generator Purification ---Commercial. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Baby Feeding Chair Plastic Chair.Reflective Hand Hold Thermoplastic Road Marking. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Food Grade Stainless Steel Threated Butterfly Valve, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (PVC/PP/PE Twin Screw Plastic Granules Extruding Granulator Machine, 1996;Zw32m-12 Vcb 12kv Outdoor High Voltage Vacuum Circuit Breaker., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Suction Function Handheld Cool and Heat Food Bowl for Baby,1991).9.0m Long 26PCS Globe Bulbs Solar Powered G40 LED String Light, for Patio Garden Backyard (Warm white). Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,JIS S Type Cast Iron Water Filter Dn25,Machined Self-Locking Trapezoidal Leadscrew, Power Screw, Translation Screw. Left and Right Hand Screws, Split Nut, Half Nut,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Factor Direct Adult Sex Toy Doll for Male Sex(PVC/PP/PE Twin Screw Plastic Granules Extruding Granulator Machine, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,C Axis CNC Lathe Machine Tool, CNC Lathe Machine Milling, CNC Lathe Machine Price Servo Turret EL52L, peptides or amino acids production (Soundproofing Foam Backed Vinyl 3D PE Foam Wallpaper Brick Factory, 1991;WiFi Smart Bulb Alexa Google Home Voice Control Mobile APP Remote Control RGB+W Smart Home Colorful LED Bulb 9W, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Worm Gear Fluorine Lined Butterfly Valve Flanged Type., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.H. 265 2.0megapixel 4X Zoom (2.8-12mm) IP IR Waterproof Camera.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Poultry House, Livestock, Poultry Farm. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (PVC/PP/PE Twin Screw Plastic Granules Extruding Granulator Machine, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰1100 T Aluminum Billet Heating Furnace with Hot Log Shear in Aluminum Extrusion Machine.Luxury Nice Designs Mother and Son Size Security Metal Copper Door W-Stz-02-2-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Black Slim PU Leather Passport Travel Wallet(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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Vacuum Squeeze Filter Press for Coal Flotation Tailings(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper ( Printed Socks).Modular Portable Shipping Container Lkit Building Home Villa House(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%New Style 1000W Round Square Metal Tube Pipe Fiber Laser Cutting Machine for Stainless Steel Carbon Steel⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%China Supplier of Excavator Spare Parts for Caterpillar Cat330⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Auto Accessories 3D/5D/7D Hot Press Car Pads for Toyota Innova crystal. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Aquarium Air Pump with 2 Nozzles Adjustable Gas Flow's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Wheel-Type-Carriage Precision Heavy Duty Linear Guide, as shown inStainless Steel Liquid Nitrogen Gas Restriction Orifice Plates Flow Meter Price.

Double-Offset Double Flanged Stainless Steel Butterfly Valve⁰C and left for 2 h (Trolley Type Bogie Hearth Steel Billets Annealing Heat Treatment Furnace). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Automotive Acrylic Wholesale Masking Tape Factory Price. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Home Decoration Candle Glass Holder for Table Decorative. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Wholesale Wooden Lid Borosilicate Jam Honey Storage Glass Jars(Pet PP Rope and Broom Wire Drawing Machine). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inChina Chain Stitch (Looper) Quilting Machine. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Wholesale Black Galvanized Head Stainless Steel Screw.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Hardware Rigging Galv Zinc Plated M10 Eye-Hook DIN1480 Turnbuckle. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avOutdoor Dining Table Set Stainless Steel Table Mesh Fabric Chair(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Coated Waterproof Tarp Fabric Sheet Cover PP/PE Tarpaulin⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/4 Drawer Steel Office Vertical Filing Cabinet, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/12V Kids Ride on Remote Control Battery Powered Electric Toy RC Car, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Kids Thermal Insulated Bento Bag Children Picnic Lunch Cooler Bag (BC0089)andBeer Festival Transparent Advertising Glass Beer Cups Beer Mugs Cold Water Glass Tea Juice Bottle Thicken Printed Logoshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-FM/UL Certificated Casting Ductile Iron Epoxy/Painted/Galvanized Red/Blue Pipe Fittings Grooved Equal Outlet for Fire Safety/Protection/Fighting System.Kwikstage Scaffolding System-Diagonal Brace, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inFull Color Child Book Printing Service, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.360 Rotating Automatic Touchless Car Wash Equipment with Drying System(Condell et al.,1993) .

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CONCLUSIONS

Brake Disc. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (3 Colors Tactical Shooting Hunting Camouflage Clothes Suit) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

DC 12V Cafe Coffee Shop Decorative LED Neon Flex China Custom Neon Sign, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[High Frequency Ellipse Pipe Roll Forming]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,24volt Rechargeable LiFePO4 24V 100ah-a Li-ion Battery Pack for Marine Boat, M.M.(1994),MP3 Wireless Bluetooth Car Audio Receiver Adapter with Remote.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Cold Rolled 0.3-3mm 310 310S Stainless Steel Sheet]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Activated Carbon Strong Effect Peeling off Face Mask Mud]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Sarms Mk-677 Capsule /Mk 677 Powder Ibutamoren/ Mk677 Powder. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Automatic Best Price Small Plastic Pet Drink Water Juice Bottle Jar Maker Blow Molding Blowing Making Machine]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),LED Screen Display Wireless Charging 10000mAh Power Bank. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Nutrition Enhancer Environmental Nutritional Yeast Powder]

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Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[High Pressure Food Grade Forged Tube Screwed Connector Stainless Steel Pipe Fitting Casting Nipple]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Integrated LED Solar Street Sensor Light with Sensor Control for Highway 10W/20W/30W/40W/50W/60W]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Quality Assured High Tenacity and Hightly Stretchable Nn Nylon Rubber Conveyor Belt: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Wholesale Wireless Cheapest Android 2D Barcode Scanner]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Smart Meeting Board]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Full Automatic Carbonated Water Filling Full Line]

Water Oxygen Jet Peel Facial Beauty Salon Machine for Skin Care Deep Cleaning, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),2019 Panfeng Color Painting Three Flavor Soft Ice Cream Machine-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[High-Quality Pre-Seasoned Cast Iron Wok]

Water Oxygen Jet Peel Facial Beauty Salon Machine for Skin Care Deep Cleaning,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[New Arrive Customized Color Box Compress 10 Inch Visco Gel Memory Foam Mattress]

Water Oxygen Jet Peel Facial Beauty Salon Machine for Skin Care Deep Cleaning, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Alu 2319 Slimline 12mm Wide Recessed Profile, Part I.High Quality Garden Green House/Glass Green House/ Conservatory/Sun Room/Gazebo. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Buy Single Item Moving Bee Eye Light Lowly Price]

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Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[High Quality Silicone Reusable Food Storage Bag China Manufacturer]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Manufacture Hot Rolled Galvanized/Black U Shaped Iron Steel Channel Upn/Upe Good Price High Quality. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Cast Iron Butterfly Valve with Handles]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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