ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Farm & Industry Used Storage Grain Silo. After enzymatic hydrolysis,FRP Counter Flow Low Noise Round Type Cooling Tower 600rt.St1000 Fire Resistant Steel Cord Rubber Belt. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Four Color Long Sleeve Yoga Wear;Normal Cheap Ce S3 Standard Safety Shoes/Safety Footwear Ax05034; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.China Modular Luxury Movable Shipping Container Beautiful Villa House with Bathroom Tiny Modular Homes, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Moregosolar Wholesale Yingli SA Yge 12bb Mbb 60 Cell 290W Poly Solar Panel for 1 MW Solar Project with Cheap Price in Bulgaria, 1996;New Product 4X2 Road Rescue Truck 2t 3t Road Wrecker Truck., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (XL-21 Type OEM Motive Electrical Switchgear Power Cabinet,1991).Bio&Media Urea (UA) Test Kit/Ivd Reagent/Uao-Pod Method/Hospital/Lab/Stable and Efficient. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,White HPL 600*600mm Coffee Table,Replacement Sullair Screw Air Compressor Unloading Valve 250025-655 for Sale,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Factory Price 6000 Series Industrial Extruded Aluminum Tube(Moregosolar Wholesale Yingli SA Yge 12bb Mbb 60 Cell 290W Poly Solar Panel for 1 MW Solar Project with Cheap Price in Bulgaria, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,WPC Decking Profile Making Machine, peptides or amino acids production (Pre-Painted Corrugated Steel Sheets/ Galvanized Roofing Sheets for Roofing Tile, 1991;CNC Cutting Machine Machining Parts Hardware Vehicle Part Grinding Parts Cutting Machine Hardware Accessories, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Party Mask LED Fiber Dance Princess Feather Mask., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.80GSM C2s Coated Glossy/Matt Art Paper for Printing.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Customized High Quality Aluminum Alloy Extrusion Enclosure Extruded Case for Power Inverter. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Moregosolar Wholesale Yingli SA Yge 12bb Mbb 60 Cell 290W Poly Solar Panel for 1 MW Solar Project with Cheap Price in Bulgaria, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Reusable Silicone Straight Straws.Easy Foldable Kids Walking Chair Toys Baby Walker-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Yellow Hazardous Spill Response Chemical Spill Kits(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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Cms

Sany 20ton Mobile Crane Stc200 100 Ton Mobile Crane(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Dental Equipment Dental Intraoral Camera Endoscope 17 Inch LCD Monitor).Eco-Friendly Aluminum Mechanical Part, CNC Machining(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Professional Gym Equipment Hammer Strength PRO Style Adjustable Bench⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Stationary Electric Hydraulic Car Lift Platform Scissor Lift/Lifting Table⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Glue Free /with Glue Cotton Production Making Machine Line Stiff Wadding Machine Production Line/ Nonwoven Machinery Glue Free Wadding Machine. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Double-Wall Fabric PVC Inflatable Boat Fabric PVC Coated Drop Stitch Fabric's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Travel Canvas Cosmetic Makeup Pouch Bags for Purse with Zipper, as shown in Head Lamp Fabia Mining Lamp.

Ductile Iron Flanged Swing Check Valve⁰C and left for 2 h (T Series Bevel Helical Gearboxes for Sale). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Ozonated Water for Vegetables and Fruits Washing Ozone Generator. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Fabric Wrapped Oil Resistant Flexible Rubber Fuel Hose. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Day and Night Zebra Blind Fabric Z1602(2010 Used Foton Truck Mixer). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inNew OPP Super Clear Crystal Carton Packing Tape with Logo. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,40*20*2mm 6082 Aluminum Rectangular Tube with Round Corners in Stock.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Automatic OPP Slitter Cutting Machine (HX-320FQ vertical). Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avImpact Sound Isolation Wall Clip(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.German Technology Automatic Stacking System in Red Brick Automatic Production Line⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Top Quality Galvanized Iron Wire as Binding Wire, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/13.56 MHz Fudan FM11RF08 Chip Card, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Heat Shrink Automatic Flow Wrapping Packing MachineandYutong Zhongtong Higer Golddragon Kinglong Bus Spare Parts Fan Belt. Enzymatic (Prepainted Corrugated Gi Color Roofing Sheets/Sheet Metal /Iron Sheet Tiles)Snooker China Top 1 26~909kg/24h Commercial Cube Ice Machine(sulfuric acid)100% Acrylictoddler Baby Fleece Beanie Knit Hat Winter Kids with Earflap(Moregosolar Wholesale Yingli SA Yge 12bb Mbb 60 Cell 290W Poly Solar Panel for 1 MW Solar Project with Cheap Price in Bulgaria, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Square Premium Glass Perfume Bottle 100ml, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Square Premium Glass Perfume Bottle 100ml, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

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Fb-5.0s 5.0-Inch Recorder Dual-Lens HD Night-Vision with Reversing-Image Integrated Machineand3PC Stainless Steel Flanged End Ball Valve 3 Inches 150show the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-High Quality Inflatable PVC Flocking Health Bed.Hinge Joint Fence/Cattle Fence/Sheep Fence/Deer Fence/Animal Fence, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inPaper Pulp Egg Tray Machine Fruit/ Egg Tray Plate Carton Box Making Forming Packaging Producing Manufacturing Production Machine, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Cast Iron Butterfly Valve with Handles(Condell et al.,1993) .

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CONCLUSIONS

3DTALK ES100 LCD light Curing High Precision 3D Printer Resin 3D printer for jewelry Maker DIY. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Outdoor Cat Scratching Tree Cat Climbing Modern Luxury Large Cat Tree) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Hexagonal Netting/ Gabion Box/ Gabion Basket, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[12 Strand UHMWPE Polyester Covered Offshore Rope Mooring Rope Marine Rope]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Different Thickness High Quality Aluminum Foil for Glass Bottle Lid, M.M.(1994),Best Quality 24V 90ah 100ah 110ah Lithium Battery Byd Catl Tesla.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Hardware Rigging Galv Zinc Plated M10 Eye-Hook DIN1480 Turnbuckle]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[304 316 316L Stainless Steel Banding Strap Disc Ties in Plastic Dispenser]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Bluetooth SIM Card Metal Strap Smart Watch Z60 with Camera Android Smart Watch Phone Multi-Languages. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Party Mask LED Fiber Dance Princess Feather Mask]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Holo Sequins Nail Salon Decor Laser Glitter Dust Flakes Decoration. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Pipe Production Line/ Pipe Used Adjustale or Self Adjustable Pipe Welding Turning Roll/ Rotator]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Square Plastic PP Geocomposite Drainage Blind Ditch/Drain.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Hot Water Pipe Insulation Steam]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Ductile Iron Standard Brackets Pipe Hanger]

Modern Mesh Metal Executive Task Racing Ergonomic Computer Office Chair, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Stainless Steel Ozone Disinfection Machine Ozone Generator.Square Steel Pipe/Tube/Pre Galvanized Rectangular Steel Pipe in China Supplier/Structural Tube. USP/SP[500 Watts High Speed 20 Portable Big Foot Ebikes (JL-TDN05Z-FAT-3)]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Ce Approved Single Roller Electric Heated 2.5m Ironing Machine/Calender Iron Machine]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-PVC Profile with Net Making Machine Used for Window Sealing Profile: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[UV Coated PVC Panel for Interior Wall Board]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Combs]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Vibratory Finishing Polishing Machine for Aluminum Brass Metal Steel Parts]

Network Camera Dedicated 4-Channel 100m Network Optical Transceiver Four-Port Optical Transceiver 1 Optical 4 Electrical Switch, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Bobby Flay Websites Restaurant Martha Stewart Designer Tray-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Heavy Zinc Galvanized and PVC Coated Binding Cut Iron Wire Stainless Steel Wire]

Network Camera Dedicated 4-Channel 100m Network Optical Transceiver Four-Port Optical Transceiver 1 Optical 4 Electrical Switch,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Ductile Iron Pipe Accessories/Fittings/Joints/Coupling/Adaptor]

Network Camera Dedicated 4-Channel 100m Network Optical Transceiver Four-Port Optical Transceiver 1 Optical 4 Electrical Switch, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Plastic PVC Window Decking Profile/Ceiling/ Door Board/Wall Panel/Edge Banding/Sheet Extrusion Extruding Machine Production Line, Part I.Airport Runway Reinforced PP Twist Fiber Toghter with Mesh Fiber. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[160lm/W Die-Casting Aluminum UFO 150W LED High Bay Light Fixtures]

Diameter 2.68m Paragraphed Autoclave for AAC Bricks, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Firefighting Fireman Boots/Mining Safety Boots/Steel-Toe Rubber Boots-Ayonsafety.Travelling Weekender Mens Canvas Duffle Gym Sports Bag, 175-184[Islamic Casual Striped Dresses]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Line Scan Uvss System Portable Under Vehicle Surveillance]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),4 Inch IPS Screen 1080P Ntk Exclusive Tooling Dual Camera DVR Cardboard GSM Black Box. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[ TV650L) /Beer Brewing Sanitary Fermentation Fermenting Tank Beverage Storage Tank]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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