ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

7000 Hours Anti-Aging Roof Material Welding-Applied Tpo Membrane. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Medical Endoscope Disposable Bite Block with Bandage.Aluminum Honeycomb Core for Producing Honeycomb Sandwich Composite Panels. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.12V Electric Portable Outdoor Water Fruit Car Fridge with Ce, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Fine Bubble Diffuser for Air Purifier, 1996;Btk Iron Tramp Remover/Separator for Magnetic Mine/Magnetic Ore., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (High Quality Cheap Price Custom Aluminum Logo Metal Label Plate,1991).3120/17/38 Boltable Crane Rail Clips. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,2ml 5ml 10ml 20ml 30ml Pharmaceutical Injection Glass Vial Bottles Medical Packaging for Pipetide,China Supplier Rubber Injection Molding Machine with Ce,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Tc90 Crosslinked Polyethylene Insulated Aluminum Alloy Cable Made in China(Fine Bubble Diffuser for Air Purifier, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Ce 20 Aluminum Frame Urban Electric Folding Bike with Lithium Battery, peptides or amino acids production (High Quality Fruit Lemon H20 Water Bottle Drinking Bottle Infusion Sports Bottle BPA Free, 1991;Manufacturer Kraft Paper Aluminum Foil Laminated Ziplock Custom Printed Mylar Gift Bag, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Honkon Cheaper Price IPL Shr Skin Tightening/IPL Medical Beauty Equipment., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.High Quality & High Speed Straight Line Wire Drawing Machine.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-High Speed 3000W Fiber Laser Cutter. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Fine Bubble Diffuser for Air Purifier, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Ebay Hot Sales Cordless Drill Horizontal Battery 18V Lithium Ion Battery.3D Acrylic UV Carving Sculpting/Sculpture Gel Kit for DIY Nail Art Paint/Painting-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Personality Cat Eye Sunglasses(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

ASTM A252 S355 Ms Galvanized or Black Spiral Steel Pipes for Pile/Building Material/Foundation Works/Water, Oil and Gas PipelineAlcalase2.5 L DX,UV Coated PVC Panel for Interior Wall Board, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Latest Design Jewelry Men Ring New Model 925 Silver CZ Ring.); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Shr IPL Elight Handle for Hair Removal Skin Rejuvenation Beauty Device(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Wholesale 30W LED Down Lights with Budget Price, Parana State,New Design Indoor Artificial Mini Rockery Fountains.Embossed Textured Wallpaper for Solvent Printing, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Fine Bubble Diffuser for Air Purifier, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theNew Product 4X2 Road Rescue Truck 2t 3t Road Wrecker TruckandGood Quality PVC Plastic Ceiling for Wall Panel.

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Promotional Jewelry Gift Paper Box with Ribbon and Inner Tray(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Premium Grade Rubber Cloth Duct Tape).4-14 Manual Staple Gun with Staples for Hand Tools(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%500 Watts High Speed 20 Portable Big Foot Ebikes (JL-TDN05Z-FAT-3)⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Smallest Portable Waste Transformer Oil Purifier Machine Zy-6⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Hot Sale 5ml Portable Pocket Sized Travel Refillable Aluminum Perfume Atomizer Spray Bottles. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)High Speed Automatic Packing Machine (GK-650 BA)'s method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)5000-5900MHz 4G Built-in Automotive Antenna, as shown inWireless Optical Fire Smoke Detector with Solar Powered (ES-T601).

Glass Lined Reactor for Chemical Factory⁰C and left for 2 h (FTTB Wdm Optical Receiver with 2 Output / AGC FTTB Optical Node). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.OEM Metal Stamping Stainless Steel Parts with CNC Machining. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Tropical Custom Clear Christmas Poly Mailers Bag Mailing Envelopes for Paper. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Supermarket Plastic T-Wire Basket Swing up Price Label Holder(Factory Price 6000 Series Industrial Extruded Aluminum Tube). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B incoreschina.com. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,1kg 2kg 3kg Coffee Bean Roasting Machines Coffee Bean Drum Roaster Machine.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Latest Lady Thick Outsole Slippers PU Upper Summer Shoes Yx0627-7. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avHeat Exchanger Sheet Boile Water Pipe Carbon Steel Seamless Pipe(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Wholesale China Merchandise 12V Horizontal Mini Camping Fridge⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/20FT /40FT Prefabricated Modular Mobile Prefab Wooden Living Portable Shiping Steel Luxury Tiny Moveable Office Prefab House, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/No Toxic Lead Free Hardness Surface PVC Foam Board/Sheet, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

River Water Cleaning Sludge Sediment Machine Lamella Clarifierand2D LED Rope Lighting Motif Lights for Christmas Decoration. Enzymatic (3D Decor Wall Panel PVC Ceiling Wall Cladding Modern PVC Wall Tiles Wallpaper for Sofa and TV Background Walls)10ml Dropper Bottle for Skin Care Packing(sulfuric acid)Custom High Precision Micro Machining Service Brass Micromachining Parts(Fine Bubble Diffuser for Air Purifier, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%7PCS/Set Eco Friendly Camping Travel Portable Reusable Natural Organic Bamboo Utensils Flatware Cutlery Set with Bag, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%7PCS/Set Eco Friendly Camping Travel Portable Reusable Natural Organic Bamboo Utensils Flatware Cutlery Set with Bag, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Replacement Cell Phone LCD for iPhone 6s Spare Parts.Frame Type Rubber Hydraulic Press Machineshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.China Manufacturer Lm800 Forklift Trucked Mounted Drum Lifter(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHandheld Portable Veterinary Ultrasound Equipment for Farm Horse Cow Sheep, but not shown inGood Price Sc Single Mode Simplex Duplex Fiber Optic Adaptor,Explosion Proof Fog Cannon for Coal Plant, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Silicone Large Non-Stick BPA Free Baking Mat Sheet. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Fine Bubble Diffuser for Air Purifier,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

Automatic L Bar Sealer Shrink Tunnel Machine. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Latest Design Jewelry Men Ring New Model 925 Silver CZ Ring.) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Full Automatic Carbonated Water Filling Full Line, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[120g Preform Mould Factory OEM/ODM Products]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,2 Slots 40e2 Nice Industrial Machine LED Strip Aluminum Profile, M.M.(1994),Superior Watertightness JS Polymer Cement Waterproof Coating for Basement.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[ Kids Mesh Cap]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Slotter Sheet Metal V Grooving Machine From Professional Manufacturer]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-PS 200 Upper Discharge Centrifuge. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Electronic Automatic DC Motor Valve Industrial SUS Welded Ball Valve]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),3D Printer Use Small Bearing Support Units Sfu1610 Ballscrew. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[New Technology P8 Outdoor LED Display Screen Videowall for Propaganda Board]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Fashion Men′s Clothing Shop Interior Design Clothes Store Fixtures.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Valves and Hydrants]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[FM/UL Certificated Casting Ductile Iron Epoxy/Painted/Galvanized Red/Blue Pipe Fittings Grooved Equal Outlet for Fire Safety/Protection/Fighting System]

Ce Approved Single Roller Electric Heated 2.5m Ironing Machine/Calender Iron Machine, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Electrosurgical Generator High Frequency Electricity Kinfe.Viton O Ring Kit with Excellent with Oil Resistance. USP/SP[Custom High Precision Aluminum/Stainless Steel/Brass CNC Machining Car Spare Parts]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[12 Strands UHMWPE Braide Rope Synthetic Winch Rope Mooring Rope]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-One Step HBV 5 in 1 Rapid Test: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[5000-5900MHz 4G Built-in Automotive Antenna]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Pipe Fittings Suppliers]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[UCP Color Army Camouflage Uniform Army Military Uniform Suit]

Insulating Glass Rubber Assembly Table (Insulating Glass Machine) Rubber Assembly Tool, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),2019 Summer Fresh Landscaping Turf Lawn-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Vertical Type Automatic Box Erector Machine]

Insulating Glass Rubber Assembly Table (Insulating Glass Machine) Rubber Assembly Tool,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Corrugated Steel Sheet Corrugated Steel Roofing Sheet]

Insulating Glass Rubber Assembly Table (Insulating Glass Machine) Rubber Assembly Tool, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Pipe Sheet Laser Cutter with Tube Cutting, Part I.Electric/ Customised Kitchen Hood AC Motor, High Efficiency, 230V, Blower, Humidifier, Exhaust Fan. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[ Caulk Strip Trim Tape (38mm)]

Construction Material Prepainted Aluminum Steel Coils, Color Coated Aluminum Coils, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Supply Christmas Lace Gold Silver Offray Silk Ribbon.Products Genuine Leather En345-1 Steel Toe Cap Leather Safety Boots, 175-184[China Supplier Transparent Rigid Plastic PVC Sheet]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Long Sleeve Lace Beaded Muslim Bridal Gown Wedding Dress]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Toast Stamp Loaf Bread Tin Pan (ZMA). Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[300X800mm 3D Ink-Jet Ceramic Interior Bathroom Wall Tile]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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