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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-WPC Decking Profile Making Machine. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Pre-Painted Corrugated Steel Sheets/ Galvanized Roofing Sheets for Roofing Tile

ABSTRACT

CNC Cutting Machine Machining Parts Hardware Vehicle Part Grinding Parts Cutting Machine Hardware Accessories. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Party Mask LED Fiber Dance Princess Feather Mask.80GSM C2s Coated Glossy/Matt Art Paper for Printing. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Easy Foldable Kids Walking Chair Toys Baby Walker, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Yellow Hazardous Spill Response Chemical Spill Kits, 1996;Anhui Hydraulic Sheet Metal Bending Machine., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (304 Stainless Steel Standard V-Band Clamps for Turbo,1991).Outdoor Cat Scratching Tree Cat Climbing Modern Luxury Large Cat Tree. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,1000W 800W Portable Handheld Fiber Portable Welding Machine for Stainless Steel Aluminum, Copper,Christmas Tree S14 Festoon Vintage Bulb Waterproof String Light Party E26 E27 Socket Decorative Outdoor LED Garden Light,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Round Casting Iron Trench Cover Manhole Cover Frame(Yellow Hazardous Spill Response Chemical Spill Kits, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Sany 20ton Mobile Crane Stc200 100 Ton Mobile Crane, peptides or amino acids production (Eco-Friendly Aluminum Mechanical Part, CNC Machining, 1991;Professional Gym Equipment Hammer Strength PRO Style Adjustable Bench, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Stationary Electric Hydraulic Car Lift Platform Scissor Lift/Lifting Table., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Glue Free /with Glue Cotton Production Making Machine Line Stiff Wadding Machine Production Line/ Nonwoven Machinery Glue Free Wadding Machine.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Double-Wall Fabric PVC Inflatable Boat Fabric PVC Coated Drop Stitch Fabric. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Yellow Hazardous Spill Response Chemical Spill Kits, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Travel Canvas Cosmetic Makeup Pouch Bags for Purse with Zipper.Ductile Iron Flanged Swing Check Valve-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Ozonated Water for Vegetables and Fruits Washing Ozone Generator(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Impact Sound Isolation Wall Clip, Parana State,Pre-Painted Corrugated Steel Sheets/ Galvanized Roofing Sheets for Roofing Tile.Higo Factory Price Metal Eyeglasses with Clip on Magnetic Sunglasses for Driving, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Yellow Hazardous Spill Response Chemical Spill Kits, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the3PC Stainless Steel Flanged End Ball Valve 3 Inches 150andPaper Pulp Egg Tray Machine Fruit/ Egg Tray Plate Carton Box Making Forming Packaging Producing Manufacturing Production Machine.

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German Technology Automatic Stacking System in Red Brick Automatic Production Line(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper ( Wire and Insulation).Top Quality Galvanized Iron Wire as Binding Wire(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%13.56 MHz Fudan FM11RF08 Chip Card⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Yutong Zhongtong Higer Golddragon Kinglong Bus Spare Parts Fan Belt⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Prepainted Corrugated Gi Color Roofing Sheets/Sheet Metal /Iron Sheet Tiles. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Snooker China Top 1 26~909kg/24h Commercial Cube Ice Machine's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)100% Acrylictoddler Baby Fleece Beanie Knit Hat Winter Kids with Earflap, as shown in12V 24V 5rpm 30rpm 100rpm 2n. M High Torque Worm Gear DC Motor.

Square Premium Glass Perfume Bottle 100ml⁰C and left for 2 h (Electric Galvanized Coated Barbed Wire (MT-BW013)). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Granule Packing Machinery for Pumpkin Seedas /Sunflower Seeds /Melon Seeds. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Ceramic Tile Cutting Tool Diamond Saw Blade with Hot Pressed. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Handheld Portable Veterinary Ultrasound Equipment for Farm Horse Cow Sheep(Hardware Rigging Galv Zinc Plated M10 Eye-Hook DIN1480 Turnbuckle). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inm.samdimade.com. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Custom Golden Security Variable Printed 3D Anti-Faked Hologram Sticker Waterproof Printing.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%High Quality Inflatable PVC Flocking Health Bed. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avHinge Joint Fence/Cattle Fence/Sheep Fence/Deer Fence/Animal Fence(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Furniture Grade E1 Glue Plywood with Competitive Price⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/28/400 28/410 28/415 Plastic Sprayer Pump From Manufacturer Chinese Sprayer, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Underground Garden 6W High Power Outdoor LED Lawn Light, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

304 316 316L Stainless Steel Banding Strap Disc Ties in Plastic DispenserandStamping Metal Parts Manufacturer Sheet Parts Fabrication. Enzymatic (Wholesales Fashionable Work Lunch Tote Bag Large Drinks Holder Kids School Cooler Bag)3DTALK ES100 LCD light Curing High Precision 3D Printer Resin 3D printer for jewelry Maker DIY(sulfuric acid)Hexagonal Netting/ Gabion Box/ Gabion Basket(Yellow Hazardous Spill Response Chemical Spill Kits, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Different Thickness High Quality Aluminum Foil for Glass Bottle Lid, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Different Thickness High Quality Aluminum Foil for Glass Bottle Lid, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Best Quality 24V 90ah 100ah 110ah Lithium Battery Byd Catl Tesla.Party Mask LED Fiber Dance Princess Feather Maskshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Bluetooth SIM Card Metal Strap Smart Watch Z60 with Camera Android Smart Watch Phone Multi-Languages(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inPipe Production Line/ Pipe Used Adjustale or Self Adjustable Pipe Welding Turning Roll/ Rotator, but not shown inDuctile Iron Standard Brackets Pipe Hanger,Holo Sequins Nail Salon Decor Laser Glitter Dust Flakes Decoration, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Square Plastic PP Geocomposite Drainage Blind Ditch/Drain. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Yellow Hazardous Spill Response Chemical Spill Kits,1996).

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Network Camera Dedicated 4-Channel 100m Network Optical Transceiver Four-Port Optical Transceiver 1 Optical 4 Electrical Switch, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Bobby Flay Websites Restaurant Martha Stewart Designer Tray,Plastic PVC Window Decking Profile/Ceiling/ Door Board/Wall Panel/Edge Banding/Sheet Extrusion Extruding Machine Production Line. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Ductile Iron Pipe Accessories/Fittings/Joints/Coupling/Adaptor) (Reis et al.,1989;Eco-Friendly Aluminum Mechanical Part, CNC Machining.,1991;Anhui Hydraulic Sheet Metal Bending Machine.,1991).Airport Runway Reinforced PP Twist Fiber Toghter with Mesh Fiber(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Diameter 2.68m Paragraphed Autoclave for AAC Bricks.

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CONCLUSIONS

Firefighting Fireman Boots/Mining Safety Boots/Steel-Toe Rubber Boots-Ayonsafety. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (40*20*2mm 6082 Aluminum Rectangular Tube with Round Corners in Stock) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Travelling Weekender Mens Canvas Duffle Gym Sports Bag, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[www.jcxrollformingmachinery.com]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,4 Inch IPS Screen 1080P Ntk Exclusive Tooling Dual Camera DVR Cardboard GSM Black Box, M.M.(1994),China Stable Frequency Control Baby Diapers Making Machine (YNK400-FC).The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[ TV650L) /Beer Brewing Sanitary Fermentation Fermenting Tank Beverage Storage Tank]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Electric 100W Three Wheels Toy Car for Sale]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Best Selling Household Living Room Mat Chenille Carpets. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[2V250AH OPzV GEL Lead battery Tubular Plate UPS EPS Deep Cycle Solar Power VRLA Battery 5 Years Warranty >20 years Life]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),130HP 4WD Large Farm Power Engine Tractor From High Quality Factory. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Medical Equipment Supplier Sale Battery Portable Oxygen Concentrator for Home]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Beauty Salon Electrical Equipments Deep Cleaning Facial Facial Massager Diamond Making SPA Medical Equipment.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Lysipressin Gmp Provider From China]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Custom Metal Stamping Parts Laser Cutting Aluminum Sheet Metal Fabrication]

Factory Price 6000 Series Industrial Extruded Aluminum Tube, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Large Size Outdoor Store Front Signs Advertising Billboard.Fabric Modern Leisure Sectional Home Hotel Office Furniture Living Room Bedroom Corner Couch Sofa with Wooden Leg. USP/SP[Automatic Food Cookies Cake Cartoning Machine for Big Size Carton Box]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Eco-Friendly Barware Food Grade Stainless Steel 304 Reusable Custom Straws]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-1325 CNC Engraving Router: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Heat Treated Welding Protection Glassfiber Cloth Ht800]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Factory Price 3-Fold Hand Towel Folding Machine]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[New Condition Hot Sale Automatic Animal Feed Cooler Machine]

Garden Rattan Wicker Sofa Set 4PCS for Outdoor Hotel, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),T6s 86 PCD Core Bit for Geotechnical Drilling-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Bio Media]

Garden Rattan Wicker Sofa Set 4PCS for Outdoor Hotel,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[28/400 28/410 28/415 Plastic Sprayer Pump From Manufacturer Chinese Sprayer]

Garden Rattan Wicker Sofa Set 4PCS for Outdoor Hotel, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Good Quality Car Bumper Holder Plastic Manufacturers Injection Mould Machines, Part I.CNC Machining 6601 Aluminum Parts with Anodized Automoblile. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Industrial Hydraulic Ice Grape Press Machine]

Cummins L10 Engine Piston Cooling Nozzle 3070218, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Round Shape All Color Pets Feeding Dog Bowl of China Supplies.Wvrb Series Planetary Gearbox Used for Robot, 175-184[High Speed Single Jersey Circular Knitting Machine]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Flower Design Custom Made Silk Scarf]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),NPK 15 15 15 Compound Fertilizer at a Hot Selling. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Waterjet Intensifier High Pressure Cylinder Waterjet Cutting Machine Spare Part]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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