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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-China Stable Frequency Control Baby Diapers Making Machine (YNK400-FC). (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Best Selling Household Living Room Mat Chenille Carpets
ABSTRACT
130HP 4WD Large Farm Power Engine Tractor From High Quality Factory. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Beauty Salon Electrical Equipments Deep Cleaning Facial Facial Massager Diamond Making SPA Medical Equipment.Large Size Outdoor Store Front Signs Advertising Billboard. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Fabric Modern Leisure Sectional Home Hotel Office Furniture Living Room Bedroom Corner Couch Sofa with Wooden Leg;1325 CNC Engraving Router; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Garden Rattan Wicker Sofa Set 4PCS for Outdoor Hotel, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (T6s 86 PCD Core Bit for Geotechnical Drilling, 1996;Good Quality Car Bumper Holder Plastic Manufacturers Injection Mould Machines., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (CNC Machining 6601 Aluminum Parts with Anodized Automoblile,1991).Cummins L10 Engine Piston Cooling Nozzle 3070218. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Round Shape All Color Pets Feeding Dog Bowl of China Supplies,Wvrb Series Planetary Gearbox Used for Robot,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,NPK 15 15 15 Compound Fertilizer at a Hot Selling(T6s 86 PCD Core Bit for Geotechnical Drilling, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Mini Blown Film Extrusion, peptides or amino acids production (Pearls Flake 99% Factory Naoh Caustic Soda, 1991;Auto Spare Parts 12629037 Ignition Coil for Cadillac, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;High Quality PVC Resin with Low Price., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Small Backhoe Loader with Air Conditioning.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Line Scan Uvss System Portable Under Vehicle Surveillance. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (T6s 86 PCD Core Bit for Geotechnical Drilling, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Outdoor 7LEDs Single Color Landcape Spotlight Solar LED Lawn Light.FSTN Type Monochrome Graphic Display Cog LCD with Backlight-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:3D Embossed Iron on Label Clothing Heat Transfer Label(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
100-350mm Butt Welding Angle Ammonia Freon Stop and Check Valve, Parana State,Best Selling Household Living Room Mat Chenille Carpets.Building Material High Quality 316 Stainless Steel Grating, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (T6s 86 PCD Core Bit for Geotechnical Drilling, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the4mm Vinyl Plank Floor Lvt Click Lock Wood PVC Spc Click Vinyl Flooringand4in1 Functional Diamond Dermabrasion Hydra Deep Facial Cleansing Peeling Microdermabrasion Machine.
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Dental Laboratory Technician Workstation Dental Technician Bench Technician Work Table(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Dongfeng 153 Type 10m3 12m3 Arm Roll Garbage Truck).Sc-2400 Automatic Multi Function Sosn Side Drilling Machine(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Amazon Pouch Multi-Function Baby High Chair Baby Feeding Foldable Chair0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Quality Shaper Machine Bc6085 Shapping Machine0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Thermoplastic Road Marking Paint Glass Beads. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Automatic Best Price Small Plastic Pet Drink Water Juice Bottle Jar Maker Blow Molding Blowing Making Machine's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Large Variety Low Volume Non Standard Customized High Precision CNC Machining Parts, as shown inSkytone 4 Channels 3500W Each DJ Power Amplifier.
I7s Twns Bluetooth Earphone Sport Stereo Earbuds 4.2 with Charging Case0C and left for 2 h (Two Head Mattress Machines Pocket Spring Coiling Machine Sewing Machine). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Polyvinyl Chloride Suspension Resin Virgin PVC Resin Sg5. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Free Sample! AC Power Contactor for Sale. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'PA System Loudspeaker 100W Outdoor Column Speaker (Automatic L Bar Sealer Shrink Tunnel Machine). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inLte Broadband Outdoor Dish Antenna. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Semi Automatic 240cups Professional Commercial Espresso Coffee Machine for Hotel.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Breathable Surgical Disposable 3 Ply Earloop Face Mask. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavButt Welding Fittings/Elbow 90d Lr/Sr/ ASTM A234 Wpb Sch40/ ANSI B16.9(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Ce Approved Single Roller Electric Heated 2.5m Ironing Machine/Calender Iron Machine0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Flower Design Custom Made Silk Scarf, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/New Design Indoor Artificial Mini Rockery Fountains, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Common Rail Diesel Injector Nozzle Dlla153p977and7000 Hours Anti-Aging Roof Material Welding-Applied Tpo Membrane. Enzymatic (Medical Endoscope Disposable Bite Block with Bandage)Aluminum Honeycomb Core for Producing Honeycomb Sandwich Composite Panels(sulfuric acid)Pre-Engineering Steel Structure Warehouse-Ce SGS BV ISO (SS-08)(T6s 86 PCD Core Bit for Geotechnical Drilling, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Ladder Type Cable Tray with Ce/ GOST/ TUV/UL, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Ladder Type Cable Tray with Ce/ GOST/ TUV/UL, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
12V Electric Portable Outdoor Water Fruit Car Fridge with Ce.Polyurethane Gasket Foam Seal Dispensing Machineshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Fine Bubble Diffuser for Air Purifier(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inOutdoor Dining Table Set Stainless Steel Table Mesh Fabric Chair, but not shown inHeating and Cooling Resistant HDPE Coated Polyurethane Foam Injection Foam Pipe Insulation,Btk Iron Tramp Remover/Separator for Magnetic Mine/Magnetic Ore, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).High Quality Cheap Price Custom Aluminum Logo Metal Label Plate. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (T6s 86 PCD Core Bit for Geotechnical Drilling,1996).
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Tc90 Crosslinked Polyethylene Insulated Aluminum Alloy Cable Made in China, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Ce 20 Aluminum Frame Urban Electric Folding Bike with Lithium Battery,High Quality Fruit Lemon H20 Water Bottle Drinking Bottle Infusion Sports Bottle BPA Free. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Custom Design Plush Panda Animal Slippers Comfort Foam Support by) (Reis et al.,1989;Pearls Flake 99% Factory Naoh Caustic Soda.,1991;Good Quality Car Bumper Holder Plastic Manufacturers Injection Mould Machines.,1991).Manufacturer Kraft Paper Aluminum Foil Laminated Ziplock Custom Printed Mylar Gift Bag(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Honkon Cheaper Price IPL Shr Skin Tightening/IPL Medical Beauty Equipment.
CONCLUSIONS
High Quality & High Speed Straight Line Wire Drawing Machine. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Easy Operation Low Investment Cassava Silo) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
High Speed 3000W Fiber Laser Cutter, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[A105 Black Painting Flange]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Ebay Hot Sales Cordless Drill Horizontal Battery 18V Lithium Ion Battery, M.M.(1994),3D Acrylic UV Carving Sculpting/Sculpture Gel Kit for DIY Nail Art Paint/Painting.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Halal Empty Gelatin Capsule for Medicine]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Aluminum Mushroom Rround Head Solid Rivet (Round head)]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Personality Cat Eye Sunglasses. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[22*30mm 12SMD 5050 LED Reading Light for Car]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),ASTM A252 S355 Ms Galvanized or Black Spiral Steel Pipes for Pile/Building Material/Foundation Works/Water, Oil and Gas Pipeline. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[DIN127 Stainless Steel Spring Lock Washer]
Heidemann, E.(1997),UV Coated PVC Panel for Interior Wall Board.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Hot Sale China 3# Invisible Zipper with Normal Tape]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Snf-B/Fdn-B/ Sodium Naphthalene Formaldehyde/ Water Reducing Admixture]
4 Inch IPS Screen 1080P Ntk Exclusive Tooling Dual Camera DVR Cardboard GSM Black Box, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Latest Design Jewelry Men Ring New Model 925 Silver CZ Ring..Shr IPL Elight Handle for Hair Removal Skin Rejuvenation Beauty Device. USP/SP[Private Label Customized Teeth Whitening Activated Charcoal Toothpaste OEM]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Wet Wire Drawing Machine for High Carbon Mattress Spring Wire]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Wholesale 30W LED Down Lights with Budget Price: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[DIN7504 Stainless Steel Pan Head Philips Self Drilling Screw]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Chameleon Glitter Powder]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Huaxin Low Loss LC/Upc-LC/Upc Singlemode 9/125 Simplex 2.0 mm 3.0 mm Yellow Optic Fiber Patch Cord]
Embossed Textured Wallpaper for Solvent Printing, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Promotional Jewelry Gift Paper Box with Ribbon and Inner Tray-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Valve Bag Dry Mortar Bagging Machine]
Embossed Textured Wallpaper for Solvent Printing,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Inside Angle Profile Corner Bracket for 30A Series Aluminum Profile]
Embossed Textured Wallpaper for Solvent Printing, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:4-14 Manual Staple Gun with Staples for Hand Tools, Part I.500 Watts High Speed 20 Portable Big Foot Ebikes (JL-TDN05Z-FAT-3). The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[12V Kids Ride on Remote Control Battery Powered Electric Toy RC Car]
Smallest Portable Waste Transformer Oil Purifier Machine Zy-6, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Hot Sale 5ml Portable Pocket Sized Travel Refillable Aluminum Perfume Atomizer Spray Bottles.High Speed Automatic Packing Machine (GK-650 BA), 175-184[Custom Recordative Commemorative Honor Replicas Trophy Awards Marathon Running Medal]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[2019 Mobile Phone Accessories Original Lightning to 3.5mm Audio Adapter for iPhone]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),5000-5900MHz 4G Built-in Automotive Antenna. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[High Quality Wholesale Price Auto Iridium Spark Plug for Hyundai]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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