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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Gyc 2000L 100L Alcohol Liquor and Spirits Distilling Plant. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,High Qlty Sequin Fabric Fancy Peacock Green Polyester Mesh 157
ABSTRACT
12ml Round Shape Empty Clear Nail Polish Glass Bottle. After enzymatic hydrolysis,M4X10 Round Head Core Pulling Aluminum Nail.Nihon MEK7222K Hemolyse 3 MEK Lyse for Hematology Analyzer. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Skytone 4 Channels 3500W Each DJ Power Amplifier;Standard Gypsum Board /Moistureproof/Fireproof/Waterproof Plaster Board with Best Price; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.PVC Ceiling Wall Pannelling, Interior Decorative PVC Wall Panels, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (2017 New Style Modern Kitchen Cabinet Design Wooden Kitchen Furniture, 1996;Imirootree 250ml Glass Jar with Lids for Cosmetic Cream., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Double Wine Carrier Bag Gift Box Tote,1991).(Trade Assurance) Hot Sale OEM Custom Made Women Yoga Spandex Shorts. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Huaxin Low Loss LC/Upc-LC/Upc Singlemode 9/125 Simplex 2.0 mm 3.0 mm Yellow Optic Fiber Patch Cord,Flexible PVC Granules for Cable, Wire and Insulation,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,7 Ahd 1080P Rearview Camera with Quad Monitor Screen for Truck, Trailer RV Vision Security(2017 New Style Modern Kitchen Cabinet Design Wooden Kitchen Furniture, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Nc Duplex Cut-off & Nc Double-Layer Stacker, Used Cardboard Corrugator Line, peptides or amino acids production (Brass Pump Spare Parts for Circulating Pump, 1991;Screw-in Brass Inserts for Plastic M4 M5 M6 M8 M10 Multiple Pack Sizes, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Wall Mounting Full HD 1080P High Resolution 1280*800pixels Digital Photo Frame with HD-Mi., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Bosch Fuel Injector for Weichai Cummins Komatsu Engine 0445120123 Vg1038080007 Vg1560080276 095000-8011.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Lantern for Garden Decoration. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (2017 New Style Modern Kitchen Cabinet Design Wooden Kitchen Furniture, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Bending Sheet Metal Custom-Made Aluminum Bracket.New Shacman F3000 6X4 Truck Trailer Head-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Metal Chrome Liners for Bomco F2200hl High Pressure Drill Mud Pump(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Polycarboxylate Based Concrete Plasticizer High Rate Water Reducing Admixture with Good Slumption RetentionAlcalase2.5 L DX,Cylindrical Shape Beer Glass Bottle for Wine Storage, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Plastic Injection for OEM Product); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)HOWO Sinotruck Heavy Truck Parts Air Spring Suspension Wg1642110024(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Aluminum Truss System, Aluminum Lighting Truss, Roof Truss System for Event, Parana State,High Qlty Sequin Fabric Fancy Peacock Green Polyester Mesh 157.Mobile/Cell Phone LCD for iPhone 6s Plus Phone LCD Touch Screen, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (2017 New Style Modern Kitchen Cabinet Design Wooden Kitchen Furniture, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theCE Approved Manual Heat Press MachineandCe RoHS FCC Shop Advertising Neon Illuminated LED Open Sign.
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Activated Carbon Strong Effect Peeling off Face Mask Mud(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (High Quality Wholesale Clear 50ml Flat Square Crimped Glass Bottles).Type Price Prefabricated Roof Tile in Sudan(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Stackable Mahogany Color Wooden Chiavari Chair with Soft Cushion0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Factory Supply 100% Natural Epimedium Extract for Male Health0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Stainless Steel Bathroom Accessories 304 Polished or Brushed Finish No Chrome No Rust. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Type 0242 IP67 220V-415V 6h 3p+E 3pin 32A Industrial Plug's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Top10 1080P H. 264 P2p CCTV WiFi IP Camera, as shown in2016 New Generation Sausage Making Machine.
Plain Chipboard, Melamine Chipboard, HPL Chipboard for Making Furniture0C and left for 2 h (Four Color Long Sleeve Yoga Wear). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Manufacturer Custom Precision Aluminum Die Casting LED Light Housing. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Adjustable Mirror Surface Stainless Steel Sheet Pipe with Ce Certificate. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'1.1mm to 8mm Waterproof Silver Mirror Glass for Home Decoration (M-S)(Electric Heating Mantle 5L). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inNarrow Aisle Reach Truck. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Full Color Child Book Printing Service.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%1.5 Inch High Pressure Petrol/Gasoline Water Pump. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavGrocery Plastic Bag Corn Starch Bag HDPE Bag Automatic Sealing Vegetable Bag Flat Bag Fruit Bag Biodegradable Plastic Bag Cheap Rolling Bag Making Machine(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Halal Chicken Slaughter Machine for Sale0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Factory Hot Sale Low Price Big Wave ASA Roof Sheet Teja PVC for Workshop, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/2019 Opt Shr IPL E-Light Beauty Hair Removal Machine IPL Shr, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Electric Wine Bottle Opener K020andSarm Steroids Ostarine / Mk-2866 / Mk2866 Powder for Bodybuilding CAS 841205-47-8. Enzymatic (3 PCS Headband for Baby Girls with Hair Bows)LED Flasher Relay 7 Pin for Suzuki Drz400s/Sm Gsxr Gsx Signal Light Blinker(sulfuric acid)High Quality Xanthan Gum for Personal Care and Cosmetic Applications(2017 New Style Modern Kitchen Cabinet Design Wooden Kitchen Furniture, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Manual Vertical Car Key Cutting Machine for Locksmith, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Manual Vertical Car Key Cutting Machine for Locksmith, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Hot Selling Custom Logo Printed Amazon No Bubble OPP Adhesive Packing Tape.Black Slim PU Leather Passport Travel Walletshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Zinc Alloy Lid Zamak Alloy Casting Cap (STK-14-Z0069)(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inReplacement Cell Phone LCD for iPhone 6s Spare Parts, but not shown in2018 Luxury Design China Supplier Waterproof Pet Cat Dog Bed,Transparent Color Stretch Wrap Film Manual Operate Wrap Film, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Good Price Welding Electrode (e7018/e7018-1). The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (2017 New Style Modern Kitchen Cabinet Design Wooden Kitchen Furniture,1996).
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Diameter 2.68m Paragraphed Autoclave for AAC BricksandMovable Folding Knuckle Boom Hydraulic Truck-Mounted Craneshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Ep/Nn/EPP Industrial Rubber Conveyor Belt.Tpo Waterproof Membrane/Thermoplastic Polyolefin for Rooofing, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inFerrite Core for Power Transformer (Ee16e), for peptides lower than 3000 Da.New PP Plastic 24mm 28mm Liquid Cream Pump for Lotion Bottles Rd-238(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Custom Logo Fleece Hoodies Men Pullover Neno Oversized Men′s Hoodies, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Auto Spare Parts Ignition Coil Fp85-18-100c,vacuum Pressure Impregnation CCA Wood Preservative Treatment Equipment. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Glass Manufacturer/Float Glass/ Tempered Glass (Flat or Curved) for Building / Furniture) (Reis et al.,1989;Brass Pump Spare Parts for Circulating Pump.,1991;Imirootree 250ml Glass Jar with Lids for Cosmetic Cream.,1991).Flooded Type Water Cooled Screw Chiller(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Promotional Custom Embossed Cups with Logo Print for Office/Holiday/Birthday.
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CONCLUSIONS
Enameled Mini Cast Iron Casserole. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Plastic Injection for OEM Product) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Good Quality Tomato Sauce Making Machine, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Led Chips Mounting Machine]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Vitamin B1 HCl 98% Feed Grade, M.M.(1994),2018 TPR Clean Teeth Training Dog Pet Chew Toy.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[PE Biodegradable Sheet Product Line/Single Screw Extruder]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Wheel-Type-Carriage Precision Heavy Duty Linear Guide]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Good Quality Zinc Plated Slotted Hex Head Roofing Screw. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[ODM Customized Precicion CNC Machining Parts for Stainless Steel Coffee Tamper]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Vertical Automatic Sachet Bag Water Juice Milk Liquid Filling Packing Pouch Machine. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Ductile Iron Flanged Swing Check Valve]
Heidemann, E.(1997),5050 LED Strip RGB Double PCB 12V IP20 Non- Waterproof.Leder 48,(5),99-104[260mm Pond Fountain Aerator Aeration Disc Diffuser for Water Treatment]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[3.5-7.0g Ozone Generator Purification ---Commercial]
3.7kw Air Compressor Parts Oil Free Scroll Compressor Heads, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Polycarboxylate Ether/Water Reducer Water Reducer PCE Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer.High Quality Orthopedic Fiberglass Splint. USP/SP[20L Water Tank Lid Mold 3D Printing Samples Available]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[ for Patio Garden Backyard (Warm white)]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Amazon Hot Selling Kids Playing Pop up Goal: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Zipper Pouch Pistachio Nuts Premade Packing Machine]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Mobile Trailer Light Tower Powered]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Personality Cat Eye Sunglasses]
Small Frame Hydraulic Press Machine for Bending Price, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),3.5-7.0g Ozone Generator Purification ---Commercial-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Platform Trolley with 150kg Capacity]
Small Frame Hydraulic Press Machine for Bending Price,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[High Quality Custom Self Adhesive Leather Patch for Jackets]
Small Frame Hydraulic Press Machine for Bending Price, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Baby Feeding Chair Plastic Chair, Part I.Reflective Hand Hold Thermoplastic Road Marking. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Outsole Trimming Machine]
Wide Jaws Adjustable Wrench with Big Grip Multi-Used (FM-W04), J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Wooden Heavy Door All Kind of Stainless Steel Ball Bearing Door Hinge.Food Grade Stainless Steel Threated Butterfly Valve, 175-184[Automatic Steel C Purlin Prolfile Cold Roll Forming Machine]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Airtight Candy Bin with Scoop]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),PVC/PP/PE Twin Screw Plastic Granules Extruding Granulator Machine. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Auto Spare Parts Ignition Coil Fp85-18-100c]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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