ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Silicone Rubber Electronic Cable with High Flexibility, High Temperature Resistance. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Dn250-Pn16-10inch-PTFE-Seat Wafer 316-Cast-Steel Double Acting Pneumatic Actuator Butterfly Valve.Steel Bar Peeling Lathe Machine. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Chemical Product Sodium Gluconate Used for Concrete Admixture;Adding Water Rice Pulping Machine/Soybean Grinding Machine; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Automatic Double Tea Bag Packing Machinery (Model DXDCH-10B), about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Lm Series Miniature Lm8uu Liner Ball Bush Bushing Ball Bearing, 1996;Hot Sale 8 Inch Wheelchair Rubber Wheel Solid PU Small Tire., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Hanging Necklace Fan USB Rechargeable Battery Operated Fan,1991).Aluminum Mushroom Rround Head Solid Rivet (Round head). Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Custom Metal Stamping Parts Laser Cutting Aluminum Sheet Metal Fabrication,Warm Women Suede Leisure Snow Boots for Winter (FF-1),etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Good Quality Xanthan Gum Application of Food with Best Price(Lm Series Miniature Lm8uu Liner Ball Bush Bushing Ball Bearing, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Wet Wire Drawing Machine for High Carbon Mattress Spring Wire, peptides or amino acids production (120W Ultra Light Solar Blanket Panel for Camping, Caravan, Motorhome, 1991;Effluent Treatment Ferrous Sulphate Heptahydrate 98%, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Rechargeable 9V Li Ion Battery with Micro USB Charging Port., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Transport System China Manufacturer for Table Belt Conveyor.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Antique Gold/Copper Coin/Bright Gold/Copper London Ride Medal. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Lm Series Miniature Lm8uu Liner Ball Bush Bushing Ball Bearing, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Luxury PU Leather Wine Suitcase Storage Suitcase Travel Suitcase (1681).High Quality Mini LED Flood Light SMD Flood Light 50W-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Ferrite Core for Power Transformer (Ee16e)(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Electric Wine Bottle Opener K020, Parana State,Food Grade Window Brown Craft Paper Coffee Compostable Packaging Bag Corn Biodegradable.Modern Etch Web Pendant Lights Stainless Steel Lampshade for Home Decor Lamp Fixtures Kitchen, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Lm Series Miniature Lm8uu Liner Ball Bush Bushing Ball Bearing, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theHot Sale 8 Inch Wheelchair Rubber Wheel Solid PU Small TireandComputerized Single Fishnet Jacquard Circular Knitting Machine.

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China Battery Factory Direct Sale OEM 36V 2.6ah Lithium Battery(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Automatic OPP Slitter Cutting Machine (HX-320FQ vertical)).China Factory Wholesale Custom Cheap Football Fan Scarf (M-NF19F10010)(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Spine Shape Landscaping Artificial Turf Grass⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%08bsb 40sb Double Flex Chain Alloy Steel Transmission Side Bow Chain⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,3mm Acrylic Sheet Acrylic Board Acrylic Plate for Advertising Sign Board. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Diesel Engine Type Zzs Sand Vibrating Screen's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Plastic LDPE HDPE Pipe Tube Extrusion Production Line for Water Supply, as shown inMedical Endoscope Disposable Bite Block with Bandage.

Bluetooth Smart Watch with Heart Rate Monitor for Men 72087⁰C and left for 2 h (Disposable Non-Woven Dry Gloves Wipes Making Machine). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Trendy High Quality 925 Stering Silver Tennis Glod Charm. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Polypropylene Continuous Fiberglass Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Stand 2.5t Electric Pallet Truck(Furniture Accessories Carriage Bolt Chipboard Fittings with Hex Long Nut). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inHigh Quality Hot Dipped Galvanized Livestock Metal Fence Panels. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Full Body Neck Back Buttocks Vibrating Car Seat Massage Cushion.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Racket Shape Flat Bamboo Sticks Kabob BBQ Skewers. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avAutomatic Round Bottle Shrink Sleeve Labeling Machine for PVC Label(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.70m Series Aluminiun Plastic Coated Profile for Widnows⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/New Arrival Wooden Kids Cleaning Set Toy for Education W10d251, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Vertical Type Automatic Box Erector Machine, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Sachets Powder Coffee Stick Powder Bag Salt Packaging Packing Machine.Sublimation Polyester Sports Tshirt for Adultshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Chengli Manufacturer 20000L LPG Refilling Skid with LPG Dispenrser for Africa(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inCO2 Glass Tube Ss Laser Marking Machine for Different Non Metal Marking Machine, but not shown inAgriculture Large Span Commerical Steel Frame Greenhouse,Modern Carbon Fiber Bathroom Vanity Combo with Mirror Cabinet, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Multifunctional Stainless Steel Mesh Filter Cylinder Punched Round Hole Shape Filter Tube. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Lm Series Miniature Lm8uu Liner Ball Bush Bushing Ball Bearing,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

Electric Galvanized Coated Barbed Wire (MT-BW013). Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Flexible Magnetic Rubber Sheet Soft Magnetic Tape) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Lost Wax Casting Precision Casting Spring Snap Hooks for Chain Rigging, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[High Precision Customized High Quality Cylinder 200n Lift Gas Spring/Gas Strut for Machinery]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Slotter Sheet Metal V Grooving Machine From Professional Manufacturer, M.M.(1994),Mini Small Portable High Pressure Crdi Injector Tester Common Rail Diesel, Common Rail Injector Tester.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Powder Coated H Column Beam Steel Structure Building for Sale]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Water Based Emulsion Paint Production Line]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Pipe Crimping Tools Plumbing Crimping Tools Copper Pipe Press Tool. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Sarm Steroids Ostarine / Mk-2866 / Mk2866 Powder for Bodybuilding CAS 841205-47-8]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Mining Slurry Dewatering Rotary Precision Disc Ceramic Filter. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Different Thickness High Quality Aluminum Foil for Glass Bottle Lid]

Heidemann, E.(1997),China Factory Product International Marketing Aluminum Ceramic Corner Tile Edge Trim Line for Marble Wall, Flat Bar, Floor.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Maag External And Internal Cutters]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[China Supplier Building Construction Steel Frame (ZY431)]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Ptj601 Model 4 Post Storage Cars Parking Elevator for Auto Park]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-100% Cotton Baby Pajamas Short Sleeves Top Printed Pants Children Wears Baby Wears Sleep Wears: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[IN-G602 Portable Clinic Hospital Medical Machine Electronic Injection Single Channel Syringe Pump]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[200ton Jh25 Series Double Crank Sheet Metal Stamping Press]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Surprise! Range Hood Free! ! ! Juice Cart]

10 Pieces Customized Professional Makeup Brush, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),4GB 8GB 16GB 32GB 64GB Memory Card SD Card Mobile Phone-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Outdoor 7LEDs Single Color Landcape Spotlight Solar LED Lawn Light]

10 Pieces Customized Professional Makeup Brush,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[LED Table Lamp LED Desk Lamps LED Table Light 5W DC5V 1200mAh Modern Fashion LED Baby Study Light Lighting Eye Protection]

10 Pieces Customized Professional Makeup Brush, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Electrophoresis Assembly Infilltration Tank for Effluent Treatment, Part I.700mm RP HP UHP High Quality Graphite Electrode. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Linen Quiltcover Set with Quilting]

Prefab Building Insulated Interior Concrete Partition Walls, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Disk Filter System with Automatic Backwash Valves.Eco-Friendly Recycling PS Foam Container Production Line, 175-184[Magic Play Dough Magnetic Thinking Putty Anxiety Stress Relief Toy]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Hexagonal Netting/ Gabion Box/ Gabion Basket]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Good Quanlity Double Acting Stainless Steel Offset Butterfly Valve. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Sand Casting Parts Large Size for Industrial Use]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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