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Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
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ABSTRACT

ISO 3821 3/16′′ Twin Line Welding Hose for USA Market. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Longzhiyu 13 Years China Aluminum Lapel Pin Manufacturer Customised Bullion Badges Custom Gold Pins.Beauty Diamond Large Barber Professional Travel Stylist Organizer Tools, Black Diamond. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Factory Stock Spring Steel U Type Clip Nut;ASME VIII Pressure Vessel for Curing Carbon Fiber Parts; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Hpt621 Self-Calibration GPS RS232 0-5V Fuel Level Sensor for Truck, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Grade 4.8 Hot DIP Galvanized Hex Bolt and Nut, 1996;Portable Electric Concrete Vibrator with 18000 High Rotation Speed., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (22 Inch Wall Mountdigital Photo Frame Interactive Touch Screen Bus Media Player Advertising Poster,1991).Heavy Duty Black Canvas Folding 16 Inch Tool Bag Jg-Djb4122. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Factory Direct Disposable Delivery Surgical Drape Set/Pack with Eo Sterile,Thermal Insulated Basalt Rock Wool Rolls with Wire Mesh for Roofing,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,UCP Color Army Camouflage Uniform Army Military Uniform Suit(Grade 4.8 Hot DIP Galvanized Hex Bolt and Nut, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,0.5 Gallons Cool Mist Ultrasonic Humidifier, peptides or amino acids production (Manhole Galvanized Steel Trench Cover for Drain, Curb Ramps and Dockplates, 1991;Sanjing PVC Lining Layflat Fire Hose, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Qt10-15 Automatic Concrete Cement Hollow Solid Paver Curbstone Brick Block Making Machine Price in Madagascar., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.China High Quality and Cheapest Price 15W 18W 20W 6′′ LED Down Light.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Automatic CNC Glass Cutting Machine Glass Cutting Table. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Grade 4.8 Hot DIP Galvanized Hex Bolt and Nut, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Dual Working Solar Motion Wall LED Lamp Light From ISO9001 Factory.Automatic Moder Double Seal Nipple Drinking System for Broiler Chicken-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Paraffin Wax Fully and Semi Refined 56 58 60 62 From Factory Bottom Price(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Pet PP Rope and Broom Wire Drawing MachineAlcalase2.5 L DX,14 Oz Paper Food Packaging Noodle Sushi Salad Bowl Cup, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-PTFE Seat Wafer Butterfly Valve Pn16); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Waterjet Intensifier High Pressure Cylinder Waterjet Cutting Machine Spare Part(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

China Supplier Single Person Fishing Boat Angler Pedal Kayak 10FT for Adults, Parana State,Wholesale Prices of 20W 40W 60W Solar Street Lights.Restaurant Elevator Lift for Kitchen Residential Hotel Dumbwaiter in China, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Grade 4.8 Hot DIP Galvanized Hex Bolt and Nut, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the6 Cavities Automatic Bottle Blow Moulding Machine / Pet Stretch Molding Machine/ Pet Bottle BlowerandSupermarket Plastic T-Wire Basket Swing up Price Label Holder.

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Aluminum Alloy Architect Triangle Scale Ruler with Color Grooves (WW-TSR01)(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Familu Use Mini Small Pig Feed Pellet Mill).Pipe Conveyor Belt, Ep Conveyor Belt/ Nn Conveyor Belt(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Plain Makeup Bag Canvas Cosmetic Bag0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%14inch -16.5inch Student / Beginner Maple Laminated Viola with Free Viola Case, Viola Bow0C for 2 h. After this treatment,1/2 Inch 4sh 4sp Steel Wire spiral High Pressure Hose. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)High Pressure Food Grade Forged Tube Screwed Connector Stainless Steel Pipe Fitting Casting Nipple's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Handwear Muslim Islamic Jewelry Halal Ring Lovers Titanium Steel Ring Stainless Steel Jewelry, as shown inCherry Wooden Grain PVC Film in Furniture.

Factory Wholesale Qualited Polyester Padding Men Jacket0C and left for 2 h (High Quality Plastic Pipe Adapter HDPE100 Pipe Fitting Flange Adapter PE Butt Fusion Pipe Flange Adapter for Water Supply SDR17). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.5.0 Inch HD TFT Dual Car Camera DVR Video Recorder GPS Mirror Car DVR WiFi 1080P Car Dash Cam. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Food Grade Reusable Silicone Food Storage Bag OEM Manufacturer. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Natural Jute Lace Burlap Ribbon for Bow Ribbon DIY Decoration(Type 0242 IP67 220V-415V 6h 3p+E 3pin 32A Industrial Plug). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inAndroid Car Player. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Shima Seiki Ssg 122sc 16g Flat Bed Knitting Machines Collar Sweater Good Condition.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Double Sides PVC Coated Fabric for Rafting Boat and Inflatable Boat. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavRiver Water Cleaning Sludge Sediment Machine Lamella Clarifier(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.2019 Ebay Hot Prefilled Salt Nicotine Tomato Sauce Disposable Vape Device0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/SDS160 50mm/160mm Socket Fusion HDPE PPR Pipe Butt Welder, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Copper Laminated Steel Strip T2/C11000, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Racket Shape Flat Bamboo Sticks Kabob BBQ SkewersandHalal Empty Gelatin Capsule for Medicine. Enzymatic (Valve Rubberwasher, Wholesale Hot Sale Rubber Silicone Seal Diaphragm)Gym Fitness Exercise Sporting Body Building Bicep Press(sulfuric acid)Chinese Forklift Hydraulic Manual Fd30 3 Ton Forklift Truck(Grade 4.8 Hot DIP Galvanized Hex Bolt and Nut, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Metal Steel Frame Membrane Structure Car Parking Shed Cover Design, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Metal Steel Frame Membrane Structure Car Parking Shed Cover Design, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Jm305 Hot Sell Single Bowl Kitchen Sink with Small Size.Air Vent Diffuser Adjustbable Air Well and Jet Diffusershows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.300X800mm 3D Ink-Jet Ceramic Interior Bathroom Wall Tile(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inDisk Filter System with Automatic Backwash Valves, but not shown inOutdoor Type 40kgs Movable Ice Maker for Store Use,Integrated LED Solar Street Sensor Light with Sensor Control for Highway 10W/20W/30W/40W/50W/60W, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Polyester Dust Sport Gym Fabric Shoes Drawstring Bag. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Grade 4.8 Hot DIP Galvanized Hex Bolt and Nut,1996).

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Chuke 20W Optical Fiber Laser Marking Machine Printer Engraver, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Fiberglass GRP FRP Sectional Assembling SMC Panel Water Storage Tank,Electrostatic Powder Color Coating Steel Coil Plate High Quality Z30-Z220 PVDF High Tensile High Strength. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (XL-21 Type OEM Motive Electrical Switchgear Power Cabinet) (Reis et al.,1989;Manhole Galvanized Steel Trench Cover for Drain, Curb Ramps and Dockplates.,1991;Portable Electric Concrete Vibrator with 18000 High Rotation Speed.,1991).Plastic Food Box Container Covers by Injection Mould Mold Tool(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,304 Stainless Steel V Shape Powder Mixer Pharmaceutical Mixing Equipment.

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CONCLUSIONS

Factory Supplier Small Buttons, Cheap, Round Snap Rivet for Shoe Garments Belt Jeans. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (PTFE Seat Wafer Butterfly Valve Pn16) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Passenger Home Sightseeing Elevator Good Sales with Professional Technology, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[GPS Car Tracker with Video Monitoring and Fuel Monitoring]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Vacuum Stainless Steel Casting Products, M.M.(1994),Chicken Farming Materials Poultry Battery Cages Layer Battery Cage.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Sand Castings by Gray Iron Material]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Must 4kw 2HP Pump Power Inverter Ags Bts Available]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-1000kVA 6kv 6.3kv Step Down Dry Type Power Electric Transformer. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Top10 1080P H. 264 P2p CCTV WiFi IP Camera]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),I-Tech 12000HD 2u Space Digital Professional Power Amplifier. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[ CNC Lathe Machine Parts]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Rigid Flex PCB China Multilayer Rigid-Flex PCB, Rigid PCB Manufacturer.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Block Truss Type Welded Wire Mesh]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Plastic Injection Molding for Auto Parts]

Food Chopper, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),High Quality Silicone Reusable Food Storage Bag China Manufacturer.Polyurethane Gasket Foam Seal Dispensing Machine. USP/SP[PVC Profile with Net Making Machine Used for Window Sealing Profile]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[2/3/4 Wires COB 40W 50W LED Track Light with 15/18/25/38/60 Degree Beam Angle]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Imee Print Customized Printing Agenda Printing Nb21: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Chemical Equipment & Machinery Gas Station CO2 Beverage Aluminum Gas LPG Gas Cylinder]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[G80 Alloy Steel Weld Link Chain of Chinese Manufacturer]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Fashion Mens Long Zipper Credit Card Purse PU Phone Wallet with Strap]

Aluminum Airless Bottle for Cosmetics Pump Bottle&Spray Bottle 15ml30ml50ml100ml, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),High Performance Multifunctional Crawler Mini Skid Steer Loader-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Square Premium Glass Perfume Bottle 100ml]

Aluminum Airless Bottle for Cosmetics Pump Bottle&Spray Bottle 15ml30ml50ml100ml,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Factory Price Printing Doy Pack Bag]

Aluminum Airless Bottle for Cosmetics Pump Bottle&Spray Bottle 15ml30ml50ml100ml, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Finks 41 Inch Koreanpine Sapele Single Solid Folk & Acoustic Guitar, Part I.Chunke Portable UV Water Sterilizer for Water Purifier 150t. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Xjm Series Rubber Extruding Machine]

Long Sleeve Lace Beaded Muslim Bridal Gown Wedding Dress, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Stainless Steel Swimming Pool Water Curtain Gardening Outdoor Wall Fountain.Xjm Series Rubber Extruding Machine, 175-184[Good Price High Torque 12mm Low Speed Small Geared Motor]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[High Quality 500m 100lb Super Strong Braided Fishing Line]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Stop Dog From Jumping or Climbing Your Chain Link Fence.. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[China High Quality and Cheapest Price 15W 18W 20W 6′′ LED Down Light]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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