ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Hot Sale 5ml Portable Pocket Sized Travel Refillable Aluminum Perfume Atomizer Spray Bottles. After enzymatic hydrolysis,High Speed Automatic Packing Machine (GK-650 BA).5000-5900MHz 4G Built-in Automotive Antenna. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Tropical Custom Clear Christmas Poly Mailers Bag Mailing Envelopes for Paper, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Supermarket Plastic T-Wire Basket Swing up Price Label Holder, 1996;1kg 2kg 3kg Coffee Bean Roasting Machines Coffee Bean Drum Roaster Machine., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Latest Lady Thick Outsole Slippers PU Upper Summer Shoes Yx0627-7,1991).Heat Exchanger Sheet Boile Water Pipe Carbon Steel Seamless Pipe. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Degradable PLA Plastic Bottle,Wholesale China Merchandise 12V Horizontal Mini Camping Fridge,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,20FT /40FT Prefabricated Modular Mobile Prefab Wooden Living Portable Shiping Steel Luxury Tiny Moveable Office Prefab House(Supermarket Plastic T-Wire Basket Swing up Price Label Holder, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,No Toxic Lead Free Hardness Surface PVC Foam Board/Sheet, peptides or amino acids production (2D LED Rope Lighting Motif Lights for Christmas Decoration, 1991;3D Decor Wall Panel PVC Ceiling Wall Cladding Modern PVC Wall Tiles Wallpaper for Sofa and TV Background Walls, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;10ml Dropper Bottle for Skin Care Packing., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Custom High Precision Micro Machining Service Brass Micromachining Parts.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-7PCS/Set Eco Friendly Camping Travel Portable Reusable Natural Organic Bamboo Utensils Flatware Cutlery Set with Bag. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Supermarket Plastic T-Wire Basket Swing up Price Label Holder, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Replacement Cell Phone LCD for iPhone 6s Spare Parts.China Manufacturer Lm800 Forklift Trucked Mounted Drum Lifter-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Explosion Proof Fog Cannon for Coal Plant(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Silicone Large Non-Stick BPA Free Baking Mat SheetAlcalase2.5 L DX,19mic Black Cast PE Stretch Film for Pallet Wrapping, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Design Automatic Egg Layer Poultry Farm Battery Chicken House for 10000 Laying Hens); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Custom Design Plush Panda Animal Slippers Comfort Foam Support by(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Best 6-Axis Electric Screwdriver Machine Robot, Parana State,Smallest Portable Waste Transformer Oil Purifier Machine Zy-6.Custom CNC Milled Precision Spare Part CNC Pen Automobile Parts, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Supermarket Plastic T-Wire Basket Swing up Price Label Holder, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theOutdoor Type 40kgs Movable Ice Maker for Store UseandGood Quanlity Double Acting Stainless Steel Offset Butterfly Valve.

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Galvanized Chain Link Wire Mesh/Diamond Wire Mesh/Chain Link Fence(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Transparent/Clear BOPP Jumbo Roll).FTTH Embedded Type Sc Fiber Optic Fast Connector(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Multi-Function Small Tree Digging Shovel/Tree Machine⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Automatic L Bar Sealer Shrink Tunnel Machine⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Full Automatic Carbonated Water Filling Full Line. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)2 Slots 40e2 Nice Industrial Machine LED Strip Aluminum Profile's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Superior Watertightness JS Polymer Cement Waterproof Coating for Basement, as shown in81144m Thrust Roller Bearing Used for Vertical Machine Machinery.

PS 200 Upper Discharge Centrifuge⁰C and left for 2 h (Automatically Rotate The Makeup Brush with 360 Degrees and Multiple Gears). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.3D Printer Use Small Bearing Support Units Sfu1610 Ballscrew. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Fashion Men′s Clothing Shop Interior Design Clothes Store Fixtures. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Electrosurgical Generator High Frequency Electricity Kinfe(XL-21 Type OEM Motive Electrical Switchgear Power Cabinet). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in1kg Tungsten Cube For Sale. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Viton O Ring Kit with Excellent with Oil Resistance.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%One Step HBV 5 in 1 Rapid Test. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avInsulating Glass Rubber Assembly Table (Insulating Glass Machine) Rubber Assembly Tool(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Pipe Sheet Laser Cutter with Tube Cutting⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Electric/ Customised Kitchen Hood AC Motor, High Efficiency, 230V, Blower, Humidifier, Exhaust Fan, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Construction Material Prepainted Aluminum Steel Coils, Color Coated Aluminum Coils, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Wiskind Hot-Rolled Low Cost Commercial Steel Structure Greenhouse.Vertical Type Low Pressure Injection Molding Machine with After-Sales Services (JX-900H)shows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Baking Soda 99.8% Min Sodium Bicarbonate(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inSand Castings by Gray Iron Material, but not shown inMust 4kw 2HP Pump Power Inverter Ags Bts Available,BS1387 Class B 2 Inch Sch40 Gi Pipe Galvanized, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).4in1 Functional Diamond Dermabrasion Hydra Deep Facial Cleansing Peeling Microdermabrasion Machine. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Supermarket Plastic T-Wire Basket Swing up Price Label Holder,1996).

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CNC Lathe Machine PartsandPlastic Injection Molding for Auto Partsshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-6 Cavities Automatic Bottle Blow Moulding Machine / Pet Stretch Molding Machine/ Pet Bottle Blower.Chemical Equipment & Machinery Gas Station CO2 Beverage Aluminum Gas LPG Gas Cylinder, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inPVC Profile with Net Making Machine Used for Window Sealing Profile, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.10g Non-Woven Fabric Silica Gel Desiccant(Condell et al.,1993) .

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CONCLUSIONS

Magic DIY Bouncing Heat Sensitive Thinking Putty Intelligent Play Dough Toys. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Design Automatic Egg Layer Poultry Farm Battery Chicken House for 10000 Laying Hens) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

600*600mm 800*800mm CO2 Laser Carving Machine for Paper Metal Tube, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[www.chinacarmates.com]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,High Quality Cacao Bean Grinder Cocoa Butter Making Machine, M.M.(1994),Nh4cl White Granular Agricultural Grade Ammonium Chloride.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Factory Price Printing Doy Pack Bag]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Xjm Series Rubber Extruding Machine]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Concrete Aluminum Formwork System Aluminium Formwork. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[High Quality 500m 100lb Super Strong Braided Fishing Line]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Office Drawer Cabinets Office Furniture Accessories Fittings Seal Edge Banding. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[China High Quality and Cheapest Price 15W 18W 20W 6′′ LED Down Light]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Men′s Leather Loafers Shoes Driving Loafer Men Dress Shoes.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Fujifilm Polaroid Mini 9]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Fancy Hotel One Seat Fabric Hotel Molded Sofa Chinese Furniture Customization Upholstery for Hilton Hospitality Hotel Bedroom Furniture Luxury Supplier]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[High Quality Inflatable PVC Flocking Health Bed]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Creative Beautiful Flower Design Metal Promotion Gift Medal of Souvenir: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[White 4*8FT 18mm PVC Foam Board for Cabinets Use]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Rotary drum Screen]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Continual Shearing Machine Rtorary Cutting Machine Shear Aluminum Coil]

2019 High Quality 12V 3.1A Quick Charge QC 3.0 Phone Charger 2 USB Port Car Charger Custom Logo, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Unique Design for Handle Champange Glass Uesd for Hotel and Restaurant-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[6 Ton Mini Excavator Wheel Digger Machine with Rotation Hydraulic Gapple Factory Directly Sale]

2019 High Quality 12V 3.1A Quick Charge QC 3.0 Phone Charger 2 USB Port Car Charger Custom Logo,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[CNC Machining Checking Auto Car Checking Fixture]

2019 High Quality 12V 3.1A Quick Charge QC 3.0 Phone Charger 2 USB Port Car Charger Custom Logo, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:150mm Interior Decorative WPC Ceiling Tiles PVC Wall Panels, Part I.Best Design and Nice Price All in One Solar Street Light. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Ms Gi Pipe Dn15~Dn400 Gi Pipe List]

Customized Large Ss Stamping/ Bending Sheet Metal Parts, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),High-Quality 201 304 410 430 Grade Mirror Finish Stainless Steel Sheet.UV Laser Marking Machine (with Air Cooling System), 175-184[Wire Rope Hoist for Lifting and Pulling Applications]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[1/2 Inch 4sh 4sp Steel Wire spiral High Pressure Hose]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Energy Saving Street Light E27 E40 27W LED Corn Bulb. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[One Step HBV 5 in 1 Rapid Test]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Forged Sanitary Stainless Steel Pipe Fitting Hose NippleAuthor for correspondence