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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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ABSTRACT
Pen Type pH Meter pH-031&0.00-14.00pH Tester. After enzymatic hydrolysis,8mm Heavy Duty Nails U Shaped Galvanized Staples.ASTM Iron Sand Casting Parts. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;200W/300W Die Casting Aluminum LED Profile Spot Effect Light;2019 Hote Cell Wholesale Original Unlocked Mobile Phone Huawei Honor 4X; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Ce Approved Sperm Concentration Test for Sperm Density Test, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Cao Content Plastic Additives Desiccant Masterbatch for Recycled Plastic, 1996;Heating and Cooling Resistant HDPE Coated Polyurethane Foam Injection Foam Pipe Insulation., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Sand Casting Parts Large Size for Industrial Use,1991).Durable Steel Retainer Plastic Road Safety Trench Cover. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Iron Cast Brake Drums for Trucks,Eco-Friendly Barware Food Grade Stainless Steel 304 Reusable Custom Straws,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Folding Aluminium Easy Move Choral Stage with Wheels for School(Cao Content Plastic Additives Desiccant Masterbatch for Recycled Plastic, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Factory Direct Sale Turnbuckle Tensioner Open Body Orchid Tightener Rigging Screw Quantity Discounts, peptides or amino acids production (330FT 842-12-12.5 Powder Coated Pasture Sheep Wire Mesh Farm Fencing, 1991;Dental Equipment Dental Intraoral Camera Endoscope 17 Inch LCD Monitor, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Computerized Single Fishnet Jacquard Circular Knitting Machine., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Low Volume Large Variety Non Standard Customized High Precision CNC Machining Parts.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Milk Cream Disc Centrifugal Separator. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Cao Content Plastic Additives Desiccant Masterbatch for Recycled Plastic, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Bobcat Skid Steer Loader Bucket Teeth 6737325lp.Industrial 30W/50W/80W/100W/120W/150W/200W/300W Remote Control LED Solar Street Flood Lawn Gardern Wall Solar Light-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Stainless Steel Counter Top Working Table Chiller(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Cashew Grading Machine for Cashew Processing LineAlcalase2.5 L DX,4X4 Wd Car Tail Light for Ranger 2012-2016, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Multicore Underground Aluminum Conductor Steel Tape Armored Power Cable); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)New Design Exaggerated Cute Gem Cotton Tassel Brand Earrings(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Waterproof Night Vision USA License Plate Frame Rearview Reverse Camera, Parana State,Amazon Best Selling Sports Ankle Support Sleeves Compression.Hot Sale Power Press Perforated Metal Punch Machine, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Cao Content Plastic Additives Desiccant Masterbatch for Recycled Plastic, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the125kHz RFID Hotel Key Card with T5577 ChipandWholesale Black Galvanized Head Stainless Steel Screw.
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100%Polyester Satin Fabric for Blouse(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Spine Shape Landscaping Artificial Turf Grass).Shenzhen Manufacturer High Quality Metal CNC Precision Machining Titanium/Stainless Steel/Brass Custom Aluminum Case/Box/Casing/Enclosure(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Tungsten Carbide Extension Adapter Boring Bars for External Turning Tools0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%High-End Compression Rash Guards, Long Sleeve Compression Shirt0C for 2 h. After this treatment,High Quality 100% Cotton Printing Blank Short Sleeve T Shirt Hoodie with Your Logo. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Wear Resistant PVC Plastic Vinyl Plank Commercial Flooring for Office's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Starry Laser Holographic Nail Glitter Powder Copper Shining Glitters, as shown inSanjing PVC Lining Layflat Fire Hose.
9~12 Inch Mechanical Backing Plate0C and left for 2 h (Metal Soft Enamel Souvenir Metal Medal Sport Medallions). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.DIN929 Low-Cost Supply Hexagon Weld Nut. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Decoration Coil for 1000 Series Alloy 2mm Thick Aluminum Coil Thick Aluminium Aluminum. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'High Efficiency Solar Cell Photovoltaic 300W Hot Sell(Classic Black and White Plaid Sling Bag for Women). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inchina-bolt-pin.com. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,60m3/H Lamella Clarifier for River Water Treatment.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%SGS Steel Lab Acid and Alkali Resistance Fume Hood Laboratory Furniture with Ce Certification (JH-FC019). Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavSuper Fireproof Antibiosis Household Spc Vinyl Floor Plank(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Soldering Machine LED Module PCB Hot Air Soldering Station0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/220V/380V/400V/415V/460V/525V Material Handling Equipment Heavy Duty 50 Ton Electrical Chain Hoist, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Aluminum Type-C 3.1 Adapter with 4K HDMI/VGA/SD/TF/RJ45/USB 3.0/Pd 100W, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Black DiamondandHigh Safety Double Wire Security Metal Welded Wire Mesh Fence. Enzymatic (Pneumatic Air Driven Liquid Booster Pump)Heavy Duty Wood Door Calibrating Wide Belt Sander(sulfuric acid)Magnifying Mirror Shaving Mirror 2X, 3X, 5X, 8X, 10X(Cao Content Plastic Additives Desiccant Masterbatch for Recycled Plastic, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Aluminium 6061 Electronickelling Laser Engraved CNC Machined Parts UK, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Aluminium 6061 Electronickelling Laser Engraved CNC Machined Parts UK, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
X-Humate 95% Min Super Sodium Humate (Nut Moradant).High Speed 3000W Fiber Laser Cuttershows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Cleanroom Building Material Cheap Price Rock Wool Core Sandwich Partition Board(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inBest Selling Anti-Aging Remover Hyaluronidase Injection Hyaluronic Acid Lyase, but not shown inProgrammable P7.8 Advertising Outdoor / Indoor Electronic Full Color Rental Die-Cast LED Display Board Wall Panels Sign for Stage,Women Summer Swimsuit Chest Zip Bathing Suit, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Hemp Seed Oil Body Lotion Moisturizes The Skin. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Cao Content Plastic Additives Desiccant Masterbatch for Recycled Plastic,1996).
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Fashion Soft PVC Rubber Keychains for Promation GiftandCustom Logo Fleece Hoodies Men Pullover Neno Oversized Men′s Hoodiesshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-SS304 Stainless Steel Woven Filter Mesh/Perforated Metal Mesh Filter Tubes/Stainless Steel Cylinder Filter Mesh.Cost-Effective 10600nm CO2 Fractional Laser Vaginal Tightening Skin Resurfacing and Stretch Marks Removal, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inReplacement Sullair Screw Air Compressor Unloading Valve 250025-655 for Sale, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.UTP CAT6 48 Ports Vertical Termination Patch Panel(Condell et al.,1993) .
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CONCLUSIONS
Galvanized Hexagonal Wire Mesh Gabion / Gabion Box. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Multicore Underground Aluminum Conductor Steel Tape Armored Power Cable) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
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Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Must 4kw 2HP Pump Power Inverter Ags Bts Available, M.M.(1994),Hot Sale Small Steel Silo for Poultry Feed.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Real Gold or Imitation Golden Color PVD Vacuum Plasma Ion Coating Machine for Watch]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Automatic OPP Slitter Cutting Machine (HX-320FQ vertical)]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Good Price Nasal Paste Packaging Machine. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Medical Endoscope Disposable Bite Block with Bandage]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Powerful Full Hydraulic Safework Certificates Hgy13 15 17m Mobile Concrete Placing Booms. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Disposable Non-Woven Dry Gloves Wipes Making Machine]
Heidemann, E.(1997),High Hardness Industrial Aluminum Extrusion Alloy Profile for Table Frame and LED Light Frame.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Zeolite Balls Water Treatment]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Furniture Accessories Carriage Bolt Chipboard Fittings with Hex Long Nut]
Plastic Colored Custom Foam Shampoo Pet Bottle with Cosmetic Pump, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Cheap Factory Price Wholesale Mini Vape Disposable Pod Vape Refillable Device.Reverse Rolled Wedge Wire Screen/ Jonson Screen Plate. USP/SP[Rotary Vibrating Sieve Machine for Compost]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Sublimation Polyester Sports Tshirt for Adult]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Ce Apporved New Model Aluminum 10W/15W/20W/25W/30W COB LED Downlight: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[CO2 Glass Tube Ss Laser Marking Machine for Different Non Metal Marking Machine]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Swivel motion sofa]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Agriculture Large Span Commerical Steel Frame Greenhouse]
Barbed Wire Right off The Border Wall to Protect Homes, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Big Discount Mosquito Protection Window Screen Anti Mosquito Net Insect Screen-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[200W/300W Die Casting Aluminum LED Profile Spot Effect Light]
Barbed Wire Right off The Border Wall to Protect Homes,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Passport Holder Cover Not Genuine Leather Wallets Gift Sets Fashion Mini Handbags PVC Lady Purses for Women 30525]
Barbed Wire Right off The Border Wall to Protect Homes, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:OEM Factory/Chrome Steel/ISO Certificate/Used in Machine/Pillow Block Bearings/Bearings/Bearing (UCP), Part I.Ms Gi Pipe Dn15~Dn400 Gi Pipe List. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Do Not Enter Tape Warning Tape Caution Tape Danger Tape]
Low-E Insulating Glass Curtain Wall, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Endoscopic Clip Applier Single Action Laparoscopic Applicator Instrument Forceps 5mm L1024.Custom Logo Man Quartz Watch Fashion Wrist Watches for Men (WY-17016D), 175-184[Melamine Foam Sheet]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Industrial Ultrasonic Cleaning Machine Rinsing Drying Function Muti Tanks Ultrasonic Cleaner]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Fashion Design Underwear for Men Cotton Mens Boxer Briefs. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Tonva New Design Harpic Bottle Making Extrusion Blow/Blowing Molding Machine]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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