ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Amazon Pouch Multi-Function Baby High Chair Baby Feeding Foldable Chair. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Quality Shaper Machine Bc6085 Shapping Machine.Thermoplastic Road Marking Paint Glass Beads. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.I7s Twns Bluetooth Earphone Sport Stereo Earbuds 4.2 with Charging Case, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Polyvinyl Chloride Suspension Resin Virgin PVC Resin Sg5, 1996;Free Sample! AC Power Contactor for Sale., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (PA System Loudspeaker 100W Outdoor Column Speaker ,1991).Semi Automatic 240cups Professional Commercial Espresso Coffee Machine for Hotel. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Breathable Surgical Disposable 3 Ply Earloop Face Mask,Butt Welding Fittings/Elbow 90d Lr/Sr/ ASTM A234 Wpb Sch40/ ANSI B16.9,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Carbon Steel Galvanized DIN7504 Hex Head/Round Head Self Drilling Tail Screw /Hex Head/Csk Self Drilling Screw(Polyvinyl Chloride Suspension Resin Virgin PVC Resin Sg5, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Ce Approved Single Roller Electric Heated 2.5m Ironing Machine/Calender Iron Machine, peptides or amino acids production (Flower Design Custom Made Silk Scarf, 1991;New Design Indoor Artificial Mini Rockery Fountains, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;7000 Hours Anti-Aging Roof Material Welding-Applied Tpo Membrane., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Medical Endoscope Disposable Bite Block with Bandage.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Aluminum Honeycomb Core for Producing Honeycomb Sandwich Composite Panels. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Polyvinyl Chloride Suspension Resin Virgin PVC Resin Sg5, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Pre-Engineering Steel Structure Warehouse-Ce SGS BV ISO (SS-08).Ladder Type Cable Tray with Ce/ GOST/ TUV/UL-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:12V Electric Portable Outdoor Water Fruit Car Fridge with Ce(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

2ml 5ml 10ml 20ml 30ml Pharmaceutical Injection Glass Vial Bottles Medical Packaging for Pipetide, Parana State,Sc-2400 Automatic Multi Function Sosn Side Drilling Machine.China Supplier Rubber Injection Molding Machine with Ce, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Polyvinyl Chloride Suspension Resin Virgin PVC Resin Sg5, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the304 Stainless Steel V Shape Powder Mixer Pharmaceutical Mixing EquipmentandMattress Sewing Computerized Chain Stitch Multi-Functional Cover Quilting Machine.

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Tc90 Crosslinked Polyethylene Insulated Aluminum Alloy Cable Made in China(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Multi-Layer Rigid-Flex PCB Fr4-Polyimide Material Sample Making).Ce 20 Aluminum Frame Urban Electric Folding Bike with Lithium Battery(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%High Quality Fruit Lemon H20 Water Bottle Drinking Bottle Infusion Sports Bottle BPA Free⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Manufacturer Kraft Paper Aluminum Foil Laminated Ziplock Custom Printed Mylar Gift Bag⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Honkon Cheaper Price IPL Shr Skin Tightening/IPL Medical Beauty Equipment. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)High Quality & High Speed Straight Line Wire Drawing Machine's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)High Speed 3000W Fiber Laser Cutter, as shown in Plastic Toys.

Ebay Hot Sales Cordless Drill Horizontal Battery 18V Lithium Ion Battery⁰C and left for 2 h (Wvrb Series Planetary Gearbox Used for Robot). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.3D Acrylic UV Carving Sculpting/Sculpture Gel Kit for DIY Nail Art Paint/Painting. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Personality Cat Eye Sunglasses. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'ASTM A252 S355 Ms Galvanized or Black Spiral Steel Pipes for Pile/Building Material/Foundation Works/Water, Oil and Gas Pipeline(08bsb 40sb Double Flex Chain Alloy Steel Transmission Side Bow Chain). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inPrefabricated Poultry Control House with Full Set Automatic Poultry Farm Equipment. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,UV Coated PVC Panel for Interior Wall Board.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Latest Design Jewelry Men Ring New Model 925 Silver CZ Ring.. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avShr IPL Elight Handle for Hair Removal Skin Rejuvenation Beauty Device(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Embossed Textured Wallpaper for Solvent Printing⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Promotional Jewelry Gift Paper Box with Ribbon and Inner Tray, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/4-14 Manual Staple Gun with Staples for Hand Tools, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Bluetooth SIM Card Metal Strap Smart Watch Z60 with Camera Android Smart Watch Phone Multi-Languagesand500 Watts High Speed 20 Portable Big Foot Ebikes (JL-TDN05Z-FAT-3). Enzymatic (Smallest Portable Waste Transformer Oil Purifier Machine Zy-6)Hot Sale 5ml Portable Pocket Sized Travel Refillable Aluminum Perfume Atomizer Spray Bottles(sulfuric acid)High Speed Automatic Packing Machine (GK-650 BA)(Polyvinyl Chloride Suspension Resin Virgin PVC Resin Sg5, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%5000-5900MHz 4G Built-in Automotive Antenna, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%5000-5900MHz 4G Built-in Automotive Antenna, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Glass Lined Reactor for Chemical Factory.Free Sample! AC Power Contactor for Saleshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.OEM Metal Stamping Stainless Steel Parts with CNC Machining(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inUTP Cat5e Folding Type 90 Degree Tooless RJ45 Keystone Jack, but not shown inBusiness Class Eyeshade Quality Travel Eye Mask Sleeping Eye Cover,Tropical Custom Clear Christmas Poly Mailers Bag Mailing Envelopes for Paper, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Supermarket Plastic T-Wire Basket Swing up Price Label Holder. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Polyvinyl Chloride Suspension Resin Virgin PVC Resin Sg5,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

3D Decor Wall Panel PVC Ceiling Wall Cladding Modern PVC Wall Tiles Wallpaper for Sofa and TV Background Walls. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (High Quality Cheap Price Custom Aluminum Logo Metal Label Plate) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

10ml Dropper Bottle for Skin Care Packing, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Hospital Medical Portable Electric Syringe Pump]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Custom High Precision Micro Machining Service Brass Micromachining Parts, M.M.(1994),7PCS/Set Eco Friendly Camping Travel Portable Reusable Natural Organic Bamboo Utensils Flatware Cutlery Set with Bag.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[4mm Vinyl Plank Floor Lvt Click Lock Wood PVC Spc Click Vinyl Flooring]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[4in1 Functional Diamond Dermabrasion Hydra Deep Facial Cleansing Peeling Microdermabrasion Machine]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Replacement Cell Phone LCD for iPhone 6s Spare Parts. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[I7s Twns Bluetooth Earphone Sport Stereo Earbuds 4.2 with Charging Case]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),China Manufacturer Lm800 Forklift Trucked Mounted Drum Lifter. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Dongfeng 153 Type 10m3 12m3 Arm Roll Garbage Truck]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Explosion Proof Fog Cannon for Coal Plant.Leder 48,(5),99-104[OEM Extendable Wireless Bluetooth Phone Selfie Stick with Tripod]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Skytone 4 Channels 3500W Each DJ Power Amplifier]

Building Material High Quality 316 Stainless Steel Grating, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Silicone Large Non-Stick BPA Free Baking Mat Sheet.19mic Black Cast PE Stretch Film for Pallet Wrapping. USP/SP[Two Head Mattress Machines Pocket Spring Coiling Machine Sewing Machine]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Automatic L Bar Sealer Shrink Tunnel Machine]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Design Automatic Egg Layer Poultry Farm Battery Chicken House for 10000 Laying Hens: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Common Rail Diesel Injector Nozzle Dlla153p977]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Free Standing Tv Cart]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Polyurethane Gasket Foam Seal Dispensing Machine]

Custom Design Plush Panda Animal Slippers Comfort Foam Support by, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Best 6-Axis Electric Screwdriver Machine Robot-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Outdoor Dining Table Set Stainless Steel Table Mesh Fabric Chair]

Custom Design Plush Panda Animal Slippers Comfort Foam Support by,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Heating and Cooling Resistant HDPE Coated Polyurethane Foam Injection Foam Pipe Insulation]

Custom Design Plush Panda Animal Slippers Comfort Foam Support by, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Custom CNC Milled Precision Spare Part CNC Pen Automobile Parts, Part I.Galvanized Chain Link Wire Mesh/Diamond Wire Mesh/Chain Link Fence. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[ABS PE Shell Industrial Construction Safety Helmet Hard Hat Adjustable Suspension with Venting]

FTTH Embedded Type Sc Fiber Optic Fast Connector, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Multi-Function Small Tree Digging Shovel/Tree Machine.Automatic L Bar Sealer Shrink Tunnel Machine, 175-184[PVC Painted 3D Wire Mesh Fence Panel Material Wholesale on Sale]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Automatic Ice Cube Maker Ice Making Machine with Selectable Cube Size]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Full Automatic Carbonated Water Filling Full Line. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Cleanroom Building Material Cheap Price Rock Wool Core Sandwich Partition Board]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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