ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
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ABSTRACT

Explosion-Proof Hydraulic Crawler Excavator with Quick Coupling. After enzymatic hydrolysis,5 in 1 Swing Heat Press Machine (CAP, PLATE, MUG, T-SHIRT) Sublimation Transfer.Butyl Glue Self-Adhesive Tape with Radian, Caulk Strip Trim Tape (38mm). Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;11oz Manufactures of Ceramic Mug Customised Sublimation Cup for Sublimation Wholesale;Vertical Type Low Pressure Injection Molding Machine with After-Sales Services (JX-900H); chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Cantilever Oxygen Plasma Cutter 80, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Stainless Steel Expansion Anchor Bolt Steel Zinc Plated, 1996;CNC Fiber Laser Cutting Machine for Sheet and Tube., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Environmental Tester CCT Salt Fog Spray Cyclic Corrosion Test Cabinets,1991).Fingerprint Door Lock Smart Lock Padlock Hi-Tech for Door Security. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Custom Logo Resealable Zipper Standing Pouch Food Snack Plastic Packing Bag with Hang Hole,Atf-805 Auto Car Transmission System Flushing Machine with SGS/Ce Approval,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,High Cop with Titanium Heat Exchanger 28-32 Degree Swimming Pool Heat Pump(Stainless Steel Expansion Anchor Bolt Steel Zinc Plated, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,10 M City Bus Benz Chassis Birkom Shock Absorber Maintain Spare Parts Damper, peptides or amino acids production (300ton/H Mobile Sub Base Soil Mixing Plant for Road Construction, 1991;BS 5163 Ductile Iron Rising Stem Gate Valve, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;CNC Aluminum Sheet Press Brake., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.ID25mm Od86mm Standard Through Hole Slip Ring.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Rigid Click Plank PVC Spc Vinyl Flooring Plank with IXPE Padding. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Stainless Steel Expansion Anchor Bolt Steel Zinc Plated, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Bio Media.Wood Sawdust Powder Gas Flow Dryer Sawdust Drying Machine-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Platform Trolley with 150kg Capacity, 4 Castor Wheel(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Alumina Ball with High Quality, Parana State,Promotional Plain Silver Empty Hinged Rectangular Tin Box.PVC Textile Fabric for Outdoor Sports Waterproof Backpack, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Stainless Steel Expansion Anchor Bolt Steel Zinc Plated, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theAluminium Unitized Curtain Wall for Office BuildingandCationic 400d Jacquard Polyester Oxford Sofa Fabric with PU Coating.

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White 4*8FT 18mm PVC Foam Board for Cabinets Use(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Milk Cream Disc Centrifugal Separator).Cationic 400d Jacquard Polyester Oxford Sofa Fabric with PU Coating(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Transparency Chandelier Glass Crystals Lamp Hanging Drops Pendants⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Powerful Anti-Stress, Strong Flexibility Spoke Wire⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Modern American Style Beech Solid Wood Kitchen Cabinet. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Hero Brand Polypropylene Bags Machine's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)CNC Machining Metal/Aluminum/Brass Auto Parts, as shown in(Trade Assurance) Hot Sale OEM Custom Made Women Yoga Spandex Shorts.

Surprise! Range Hood Free! ! ! Juice Cart⁰C and left for 2 h (Guangdong Intelligent Anti-Theft RF Metal Detector Security Gate for Shop Garments). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Chicken Layer Cage Poultry Cage Chicken Cages. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,316L Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Coil 316L Inox. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Delphi 2 Pin Male and Connector Custom Harness, Wire Diameter 18AWG(Small Blinking Battery Operated Luminary Plastic LED Tea Lights). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inHigh Tensile Cattle Fence Panels. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Fully Automatic C Z Purlin Cold Roll Forming Machinery.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Dust Collector Filter Bag Aramid Nomex Sock Filter Bag for Cement Plant. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avBest Selling Southeast Asia Leather Safety Toe Puncture Resistant Penetration Resistant Protective Shoes(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Sports Gym Folding Travel Large-Capacity Yoga Duffel Garment Fitness Bag⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Peristaltic Pump with Connecting The High Speed Tubular Separator, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/High Competitive Commercial Single-Span Arch Type Film Greenhouse with Hydroponics Growing System for Agriculture/ Poultry/ Vegetables/ Tomatoes/ Seeding, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Multipurpose Wireless PA Amplifier Lectern PA Speaker.Transparency Chandelier Glass Crystals Lamp Hanging Drops Pendantsshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.3.7kw Air Compressor Parts Oil Free Scroll Compressor Heads(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHigh-Efficient Htk Walnut Shell Filter for Water Purification, but not shown inPrepainted Corrugated Gi Color Roofing Sheets/Sheet Metal /Iron Sheet Tiles,Gyc 2000L 100L Alcohol Liquor and Spirits Distilling Plant, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).High Qlty Sequin Fabric Fancy Peacock Green Polyester Mesh 157. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Stainless Steel Expansion Anchor Bolt Steel Zinc Plated,1996).

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Skytone 4 Channels 3500W Each DJ Power Amplifier, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Standard Gypsum Board /Moistureproof/Fireproof/Waterproof Plaster Board with Best Price,PVC Ceiling Wall Pannelling, Interior Decorative PVC Wall Panels. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (FTTB Wdm Optical Receiver with 2 Output / AGC FTTB Optical Node) (Reis et al.,1989;300ton/H Mobile Sub Base Soil Mixing Plant for Road Construction.,1991;CNC Fiber Laser Cutting Machine for Sheet and Tube.,1991).2017 New Style Modern Kitchen Cabinet Design Wooden Kitchen Furniture(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Imirootree 250ml Glass Jar with Lids for Cosmetic Cream.

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CONCLUSIONS

Double Wine Carrier Bag Gift Box Tote. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (All Size Colored Tapping Hex Head Self Drill Screw Wood Screw) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

(Trade Assurance) Hot Sale OEM Custom Made Women Yoga Spandex Shorts, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Casual Sport Men Watches Fashion Man Quartz Wistwatch Rejol (DF-MW088)]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Huaxin Low Loss LC/Upc-LC/Upc Singlemode 9/125 Simplex 2.0 mm 3.0 mm Yellow Optic Fiber Patch Cord, M.M.(1994),Flexible PVC Granules for Cable, Wire and Insulation.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Frame Type Rubber Hydraulic Press Machine]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Handheld Portable Veterinary Ultrasound Equipment for Farm Horse Cow Sheep]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-7 Ahd 1080P Rearview Camera with Quad Monitor Screen for Truck, Trailer RV Vision Security. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Good Price Sc Single Mode Simplex Duplex Fiber Optic Adaptor]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Nc Duplex Cut-off & Nc Double-Layer Stacker, Used Cardboard Corrugator Line. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Biggest Factory Titanium Dioxide Rutile Industrial Grade for Painting]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Brass Pump Spare Parts for Circulating Pump.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Hot Sale! ! PP Fibre Micro Polypropylene Concrete Fiber for Engineering]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[OEM Gray Cast Iron Sand Casting Products with Universal Parts]

ASTM A240 321 Stainless Steel Sheet Price Per Kg, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Screw-in Brass Inserts for Plastic M4 M5 M6 M8 M10 Multiple Pack Sizes.Wall Mounting Full HD 1080P High Resolution 1280*800pixels Digital Photo Frame with HD-Mi. USP/SP[Cartoon Custom Plastic Mini Cushion brush Hair Comb for Girl Children]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[New Design Multi-Color Silicone Coin Purse for Lady]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Bosch Fuel Injector for Weichai Cummins Komatsu Engine 0445120123 Vg1038080007 Vg1560080276 095000-8011: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Industry Pet Recycling Systems]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[94% Mini Calcium Chloride]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Commercial Crossfit Fitness Gym Equipment/Home Gym Equipment]

Lantern for Garden Decoration, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Bending Sheet Metal Custom-Made Aluminum Bracket-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Dolphin Designed Handheld Massager (LC-889)]

Lantern for Garden Decoration,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Wholesale Prices of 20W 40W 60W Solar Street Lights]

Lantern for Garden Decoration, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:New Shacman F3000 6X4 Truck Trailer Head, Part I.Metal Chrome Liners for Bomco F2200hl High Pressure Drill Mud Pump. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[ Kids Mesh Cap]

Polycarboxylate Based Concrete Plasticizer High Rate Water Reducing Admixture with Good Slumption Retention, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Cylindrical Shape Beer Glass Bottle for Wine Storage.Plastic Injection for OEM Product, 175-184[4x6 Folding Tent]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Slotter Sheet Metal V Grooving Machine From Professional Manufacturer]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),HOWO Sinotruck Heavy Truck Parts Air Spring Suspension Wg1642110024. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Electronic Automatic DC Motor Valve Industrial SUS Welded Ball Valve]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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