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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Hinge Joint Fence/Cattle Fence/Sheep Fence/Deer Fence/Animal Fence. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Cast Iron Butterfly Valve with Handles
ABSTRACT
Furniture Grade E1 Glue Plywood with Competitive Price. After enzymatic hydrolysis,28/400 28/410 28/415 Plastic Sprayer Pump From Manufacturer Chinese Sprayer.Underground Garden 6W High Power Outdoor LED Lawn Light. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Stamping Metal Parts Manufacturer Sheet Parts Fabrication;Wholesales Fashionable Work Lunch Tote Bag Large Drinks Holder Kids School Cooler Bag; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.3DTALK ES100 LCD light Curing High Precision 3D Printer Resin 3D printer for jewelry Maker DIY, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Hexagonal Netting/ Gabion Box/ Gabion Basket, 1996;Different Thickness High Quality Aluminum Foil for Glass Bottle Lid., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Best Quality 24V 90ah 100ah 110ah Lithium Battery Byd Catl Tesla,1991).Bluetooth SIM Card Metal Strap Smart Watch Z60 with Camera Android Smart Watch Phone Multi-Languages. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Holo Sequins Nail Salon Decor Laser Glitter Dust Flakes Decoration,Square Plastic PP Geocomposite Drainage Blind Ditch/Drain,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Stainless Steel Ozone Disinfection Machine Ozone Generator(Hexagonal Netting/ Gabion Box/ Gabion Basket, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Square Steel Pipe/Tube/Pre Galvanized Rectangular Steel Pipe in China Supplier/Structural Tube, peptides or amino acids production (PVC Profile with Net Making Machine Used for Window Sealing Profile, 1991;Network Camera Dedicated 4-Channel 100m Network Optical Transceiver Four-Port Optical Transceiver 1 Optical 4 Electrical Switch, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Bobby Flay Websites Restaurant Martha Stewart Designer Tray., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Plastic PVC Window Decking Profile/Ceiling/ Door Board/Wall Panel/Edge Banding/Sheet Extrusion Extruding Machine Production Line.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Airport Runway Reinforced PP Twist Fiber Toghter with Mesh Fiber. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Hexagonal Netting/ Gabion Box/ Gabion Basket, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Diameter 2.68m Paragraphed Autoclave for AAC Bricks.Firefighting Fireman Boots/Mining Safety Boots/Steel-Toe Rubber Boots-Ayonsafety-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Travelling Weekender Mens Canvas Duffle Gym Sports Bag(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Beauty Salon Electrical Equipments Deep Cleaning Facial Facial Massager Diamond Making SPA Medical Equipment, Parana State,Cast Iron Butterfly Valve with Handles.Large Size Outdoor Store Front Signs Advertising Billboard, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Hexagonal Netting/ Gabion Box/ Gabion Basket, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theGlass Salt & Pepper Mill/Grinder Glass Spice JarandAll Size Colored Tapping Hex Head Self Drill Screw Wood Screw.
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Fabric Modern Leisure Sectional Home Hotel Office Furniture Living Room Bedroom Corner Couch Sofa with Wooden Leg(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Ss400 Galvanized Steel C Channel Steel Price).1325 CNC Engraving Router(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Garden Rattan Wicker Sofa Set 4PCS for Outdoor Hotel0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%T6s 86 PCD Core Bit for Geotechnical Drilling0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Good Quality Car Bumper Holder Plastic Manufacturers Injection Mould Machines. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)CNC Machining 6601 Aluminum Parts with Anodized Automoblile's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Cummins L10 Engine Piston Cooling Nozzle 3070218, as shown inSchool Kid Sport Travel Backpack Fashion Casual Promotional Bag (GB#20056).
Round Shape All Color Pets Feeding Dog Bowl of China Supplies0C and left for 2 h (H. 265 2.0megapixel 4X Zoom (2.8-12mm) IP IR Waterproof Camera). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Wvrb Series Planetary Gearbox Used for Robot. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,NPK 15 15 15 Compound Fertilizer at a Hot Selling. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Mini Blown Film Extrusion(Bosch Fuel Injector for Weichai Cummins Komatsu Engine 0445120123 Vg1038080007 Vg1560080276 095000-8011). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inOpen-Mouth Bagger. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Pearls Flake 99% Factory Naoh Caustic Soda.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Auto Spare Parts 12629037 Ignition Coil for Cadillac. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavHigh Quality PVC Resin with Low Price(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Line Scan Uvss System Portable Under Vehicle Surveillance0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Outdoor 7LEDs Single Color Landcape Spotlight Solar LED Lawn Light, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/FSTN Type Monochrome Graphic Display Cog LCD with Backlight, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
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Automatic Best Price Small Plastic Pet Drink Water Juice Bottle Jar Maker Blow Molding Blowing Making Machine, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Large Variety Low Volume Non Standard Customized High Precision CNC Machining Parts,I7s Twns Bluetooth Earphone Sport Stereo Earbuds 4.2 with Charging Case. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Wide Jaws Adjustable Wrench with Big Grip Multi-Used (FM-W04)) (Reis et al.,1989;PVC Profile with Net Making Machine Used for Window Sealing Profile.,1991;Different Thickness High Quality Aluminum Foil for Glass Bottle Lid.,1991).Polyvinyl Chloride Suspension Resin Virgin PVC Resin Sg5(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Free Sample! AC Power Contactor for Sale.
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CONCLUSIONS
PA System Loudspeaker 100W Outdoor Column Speaker . Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Best Selling Household Living Room Mat Chenille Carpets) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Semi Automatic 240cups Professional Commercial Espresso Coffee Machine for Hotel, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Alu Profile Led For Led Strip]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Breathable Surgical Disposable 3 Ply Earloop Face Mask, M.M.(1994),Butt Welding Fittings/Elbow 90d Lr/Sr/ ASTM A234 Wpb Sch40/ ANSI B16.9.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Construction & Decoration ERW Square Steel Tube Manufacturer]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[M4X10 Round Head Core Pulling Aluminum Nail]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Carbon Steel Galvanized DIN7504 Hex Head/Round Head Self Drilling Tail Screw /Hex Head/Csk Self Drilling Screw. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[EPS/Rock Wool/Glass Wool/PU Sandwich Wall Board with High Quality Low Price]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Ce Approved Single Roller Electric Heated 2.5m Ironing Machine/Calender Iron Machine. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[ Metal Window Screen]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Flower Design Custom Made Silk Scarf.Leder 48,(5),99-104[China Manufacturer Bamboo Holder with Ceramic Dog Bowl Set Food Water Pet Bowl]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[High Quality Casting Cover Aluminum Die Casting Products]
High Quality Inflatable PVC Flocking Health Bed, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),New Design Indoor Artificial Mini Rockery Fountains.7000 Hours Anti-Aging Roof Material Welding-Applied Tpo Membrane. USP/SP[PVC/PP/PE Twin Screw Plastic Granules Extruding Granulator Machine]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Food Grade Stainless Steel Milk Dairy Equipment for Factory]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Medical Endoscope Disposable Bite Block with Bandage: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[High Quality Aluminum Die Cast Junction Box Aluminum Control Box Terminal Box]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[PE PVDF HDP Steel Coil for Metal Sheet Steel Structure Zinc285]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Chinese Jbcz Handy Operation Threading Machine and Coupler]
Aluminum Honeycomb Core for Producing Honeycomb Sandwich Composite Panels, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Pre-Engineering Steel Structure Warehouse-Ce SGS BV ISO (SS-08)-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Fashion Design and Comfortable Safety Work Shoes with Composite Toe]
Aluminum Honeycomb Core for Producing Honeycomb Sandwich Composite Panels,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Hot Filling 4-in-1 Fruit Juice with Pulp Making Bottling Machine]
Aluminum Honeycomb Core for Producing Honeycomb Sandwich Composite Panels, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Ladder Type Cable Tray with Ce/ GOST/ TUV/UL, Part I.12V Electric Portable Outdoor Water Fruit Car Fridge with Ce. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Direct Factory Tebuconazole Price Fao Bactericide Tebuconazole Price]
Fine Bubble Diffuser for Air Purifier, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Btk Iron Tramp Remover/Separator for Magnetic Mine/Magnetic Ore.High Quality Cheap Price Custom Aluminum Logo Metal Label Plate, 175-184[Promotional Gifts Good Quality Silk Sleep Eye Masks Eye Shade]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[China High Quality CATV FTTH 1550 Nm External Modulated Optical Transmitter]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),3120/17/38 Boltable Crane Rail Clips. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[No Toxic Lead Free Hardness Surface PVC Foam Board/Sheet]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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