ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

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Key words;Common Housing Household Plastic Products Injection Moulding Making Machine Manufacturer;Fiber Laser Marking Machine for Aluminum Alloy, Copper, Iron, Metal Knife; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Refillable Airless Cosmetic Packaging 10ml 15ml 20ml 30ml Serum Bottle, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Customized Thickness EVA High Density Foam EVA Roll, 1996;Low Price Cmit/Mit14%/Chloromethyl-Isothiazolone as Bactericide/Fungicide., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Carbide Mould Parts Moulding Parts,1991).Compression Mens Customized Gym Shorts Sportswear. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Hot Sale Prime Hot Dipped Galvanized Steel Coil/Band/Tape/Strip,99.8% High Aluminium Oxide Low Na2o Calcined Alumina Powder,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Plastic Anti-Static PMMA Transparent Coated Lenses Sheet Making Machine Extruder(Customized Thickness EVA High Density Foam EVA Roll, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,P10 P16 P20 DIP Full Front Service Waterproof LED Panel Display, peptides or amino acids production (Electric Furniture Lift, 1991;Roller Shutter Slat and Panel Manufacturer and Complete Roller Shutter, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Customized Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Cabinet Fabrication Electrical Cabinet., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Construction Material Hoist Rack and Pinion.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-3000lb Small Boat Marine Electric Trailer Winch Power-in, Power-out. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Customized Thickness EVA High Density Foam EVA Roll, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Utl Supply Phoenix Contact Cage Clamp Dinrail Terminal Blocks.Diamond Circular Tct Saw Blade for Cutting Wood/Marble Stone/Metal-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:2018 Classic New Design Metal Optical Glasses Men and Women Reading Eyeglasses(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Alloy Steel Hot Forged 4140 42CrMo4 4340 Forging Ring, Parana State,Engine Parts Suspension Control Arm OEM 54501-Jg00b.Hot Sell 100% Seal Hexagon Glass Jam Jar, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Customized Thickness EVA High Density Foam EVA Roll, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theCurrent Precise LED Digital AmmeterandAutomatic Controller Carbon Steel Sheet Pipe China CNC Plasma Cutter.

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Yuchai 400kw Diesel Generator Set⁰C and left for 2 h (Commercial AC Electric Motorized Treadmill 21.5 Touch Screen WiFi HiFi). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Black Plastic GRP FRP PE Pipe Fitting for Water Supply. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,2194230012 for Mercedes Benz Auto Spare Parts Brake Disc. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Precision Casting Factory Foundry OEM Ductile Iron Sand Casting(Truck Air Dryer cartridge 14bar). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inSito Brand Chemical Products Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose HPMC/Petroleum Additives/Drilling Fluid Chemicals. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Hot Sale Electrical Motors Small for Home Appliance.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%PE PVC Profile Extruder PE PP Profile Extrusion Machine Plastic Profile Extrusion Line. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avBending Shrapnel(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Lab Horizontal Bead Mill for Paint, Ink, Pigment, Agrochemicals⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Water Bed, Water Slide, Water Roller for Indoor Playground, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Besen Portable EV Fast Charger  with Schuko Plug, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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CONCLUSIONS

Delphi Control Valve 28239295 (622B). Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Widely Use 32 Cavities Pet Preform Water Bottle Mould) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

OEM Precision Aluminum Alloy/Zinc Alloy Die Casting, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Die Cast Aluminum Angle Bracket]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Hot Sale Ink Chip for Epson P6070/P7070/P8070/P9070 Inkjet Printers, M.M.(1994),Bathroom Makeup LED Mirror Glass with Light.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Various Styles Indoor Fire Proof Eco Click Vinyl Spc Flooring]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Aroma Oils Diffuser Scent Machine HVAC System Perfuming Fragrance GS-10000]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Green PVC Coated Euro Fence Welded Wire Mesh Fence Garden Fence Euro Wire Fence. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Professional Ebony Wood Clarinet Bb Like Buffet Manufacturer]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Hot Selling Mini 3D Printer 80mm/S Ender-3 PRO Cheap 3D. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Concentric Reducer 3 Inch*2 Inch A105 ASME B16.9]

Heidemann, E.(1997),White and Green Board, School Writing Board, School Furniture (GT-76C).Leder 48,(5),99-104[Ibeacon Indoor Navigation]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Complete Maize Starch Wet Milling Plant with High Quality]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[MB-Z500 5-8t/H Automatic Wood Peeler/Industrial Wood Peeler/Log Debarker]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Newest Design Factory Price Brown Leather School Bag Genuine Leather Backpack for Men: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Hot Sale Wholesale Custom Logo Luxury Paper Gift Box with Magnet Closure]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[dx-blast.com]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[2070 4th Axis CNC]

PP Polypropylene Two Layer Film Blowing Machine, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Disposable Sugarcane Pulp Paper Bowl 500ml-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[China Manufacturer Premium Outdoor Use Climbing  Plant  Support  Net]

PP Polypropylene Two Layer Film Blowing Machine,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Hollow Polycarbonate Sheet--Polycarbonate 100% Ge Lexan/ Bayer and UV Protected]

PP Polypropylene Two Layer Film Blowing Machine, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Flat Roof Insulation Board Heat Insulation Board, Part I.2018 Single-Sided Printing Ribbon Bow Ribbon Gift Wrapping Ribbon. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Outdoor Christmas Decoration Highway Street Light]

Custom Female Threaded Tee T Shape Pipe Fittings, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Wholesale Soft Hallux Valgus Bunion Corrector Brace for Sport Protection.Automatic Bagging Liquid Sauce Sachet Water Filling Sealing Machine, 175-184[Battery Quality Tester]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Disposable Skin Stapler (CSPF-35W)]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Solar Power Panels Kits Modules Home Solar System USB Fan Bluetooth Music Speaker. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[CNC Single Flute End Mill Milling Cutter Tools for Wood Milling]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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