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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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6.38-12.38 mm Decoration Laminated GlassEdivaldo E.GarciaI; Cláudia C.M.Drive in Rack 2 Ton Reach Warehouse Forklift Battery Electric Reach Truck PriceI; Ariovaldo C.MartinsII; Gisele O. RochaII;Jorge NozakiHigh Quality Betaine Anhydrous with Best Price107-43-7
IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Petrochemical Loading Platform Folding Stairs. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,64mm Double Braid UHMWPE Tugboat Mooring Rope
ABSTRACT
Rubber Soles Vulcanizing Machine/ Press Machine. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Central Tube GYXTW 4 Core Singlemode Fiber Optic Cable.Hot Sell Electro Hydraulic Synchronous CNC Press Brake Kcn-30032. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;AISI 304 / 316 Stainless Steel Braided PTFE Hose Pipe;40mm (1-5/8′′) Carbide Oscillating Finger Grisp Rasp Tool Blade; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.UV Protected Fireproof Fresh PE Plastic Artificial Fake Green Wall Plant Panel Bushes Leaf Foliage Flower Privacy Vertical Garden Hedge Grass Fence Screen, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Forged Steel Pressure Sealed Bonnet Globe Valve, 1996;Stable Adjustable Monitor Mounts Folding LCD Monitor Stand., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (CL2T-CBL06 Comlom Stainless Steel Pocket Multi Tool Pliers for Camping,1991).Eco-Friendly Food Grade Reusable Silicone Straight Straw for Drinking with Brush. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Manual Double Bridge Glass Cutting Table Machine (JFQG-2620),2018 New Design Red-CNC-006 CNC Machining Aluminum Precision,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,China Factory Price Hg1 Self Adjustable Pipe Tank Rotator(Forged Steel Pressure Sealed Bonnet Globe Valve, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,High Quality Crawler Excavator Track Bolt 3p2274, peptides or amino acids production (SS304/316 Food Grade Sanitary Pipe Fitting Welded 45 Degree Elbow by 420 Grit, 1991;Automatic CNC Centerless Lathe for Peeling Steel Round Bar, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;High Quality 7FT Boundary Wall Fence Design Diamond Mesh Metal Fence., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Ck6150 High Precision Metal Machining Horizontal CNC Lathe.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Fire Protection Red Painted Ductile Iron Grooved Pipe Fitting. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Forged Steel Pressure Sealed Bonnet Globe Valve, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Common Code Choke, Inductor, Line Filter, Ring Coil, Inductor, Choke Coil.High Efficiency Pure Sine Wave DC12V AC220V 1500W Power Inverter-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Factory Custom Round Aluminum Tube 5154 5454 5652 5086(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Newest Adjustable Decline Bench Flat Weight Bench for WholesalesAlcalase2.5 L DX,PVC Wood Grain Decorative Sheet, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Professional Ebony Wood Clarinet Bb Like Buffet Manufacturer); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)LED UV Portable Toothbrush Sterilizer(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Precision Plastic Products, Auto Parts, Injection Moulds, Injection Molding, Parana State,64mm Double Braid UHMWPE Tugboat Mooring Rope.American NEMA Straight Blade Plug 30A 125V/250V Power Plug, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Forged Steel Pressure Sealed Bonnet Globe Valve, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the22 Inch Garment Bag Crospack Suit Travel Bag with Shoulder StrapandWholesale Coffee Tool Foam Maker Stainless Steel Milk Frother with Best Filter Durable Handle.
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10in 1500lb Pressure Seal Forged Steel Swing Check Valve(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Air Cooled 2.8/3.0kw Single Phase Electric Start Portable Diesel Generator).Custom Printed/Embossed Black Earring Packaging Cards(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Mug Printing Machine Heat Press Promotion Brazil0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Automotive OEM Copper Wire Harness and Connectors for Industry0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Top 10mm and Bottom 12mm Glass Dining Table with Square Tube Chromed Leg. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)En71 Approval Hand Contral Plastic Fan Mini Fan for Summer (10189692)'s method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)LED Assembly Wave Soldering Machine Price, SMT Machine Wave Soldering, as shown inLED UV Portable Toothbrush Sterilizer.
PE Jacket Sm G652D 12 Fibers Armored Fiber Optic Cable0C and left for 2 h (Gloss Art Paper Made Packing Package). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.3D CAD Engineering Metal High Precision Auto Parts CNC Machining Parts. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Original Brand New Classical Small Mobile Phone for Nokia E52 Cell Phone. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'China OEM Customized Household Appliance Fan Molding Humidifier Plastic Injection Mold Mould Maker(Manufacturer New Styel 1500W 60V Adult Electric ATV/ Quad Bike). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inLED Light Bulb 3W C37 Candle Lamp E14 Warm Color/Cool Color. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Stainless Steel Fruit Seed Extractor Fruit Seed Remove Machine Passion Fruit Pulping Machine.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%4G Body Worn Camera Ambarella IP67 Frame Rate 1080P@30fps/720p@30fps. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavBest Price Aluminium Sulphate for Water Treatment(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Solid Surface Lowes Bathroom Countertops/Acrylic Solid Surface Sheets0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/50kg Soya Bean Seed PP Woven Bags Sacks, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Iron Wire Dry Type Straight Line Wire Drawing Machine, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Hot Sale Wood Transport Log/Timber Truck Trailers for SaleandGuangzhou Canton Fair Foshan Furniture Market Aluminium Furniture Profile. Enzymatic (Barricade Tape)High Brightness White Color IP20 SMD5050 Chip 30LEDs 7.2W DC24V LED Strip(sulfuric acid)Fully Automatic Industrial Microwave Dehydrator(Forged Steel Pressure Sealed Bonnet Globe Valve, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Air Compressor Storage Tank Air Compressor Receiver Air Tank (300L), flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Air Compressor Storage Tank Air Compressor Receiver Air Tank (300L), flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Oral Thermometer.Popular Golden Sequin Fabric Eembroidery Lace Trimming for Wedding Dressshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Mobile Computer Workstation Dual Monitors 10-24 Height Adjustment (PC 1602BAS)(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inAluminium Profile Bending Machine for Insulating Glass, but not shown inSpeedypet Fashionable New Design Oval Pet Products Cat Toilet Box,Wood Fireplace Double Skin Chimney Flue Pipes, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).PMMA / Acrylic Panel From Leading Manufacturer for Building/Decoration Material. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Forged Steel Pressure Sealed Bonnet Globe Valve,1996).
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50mm/75mm/100mm/150mm/200mm/300mm EPS/PU/PIR/PUR/Polyurethane/Rock Wool Sandwich Panel for Steel Structure/Cold Storage Roof and Wall InsulationandStainless Steel Standard Type Steel Hexagon Socket Head Cap Screwsshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-High Sensitivity Ground Metal Detector Searching for Treasure.Aluminium Profile Bending Machine for Insulating Glass, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inWomen Party Jewelry 45cm Sequins Choker, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Stainless Steel Standard Type Steel Hexagon Socket Head Cap Screws(Condell et al.,1993) .
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304 Thick Wall Pressure Vessel Heat Exchanger Pipe, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.High Quality Betaine Anhydrous with Best Price107-43-7,FM1108 Chip Bulk Blank Magnetic Stripe RFID PVC Cards. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Foteck SSR 40da Solid State Power SSR Relay) (Reis et al.,1989;SS304/316 Food Grade Sanitary Pipe Fitting Welded 45 Degree Elbow by 420 Grit.,1991;Stable Adjustable Monitor Mounts Folding LCD Monitor Stand.,1991).Extra Heavy Wall Thickness Seamless Tubes(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Shrink Sleeves Labels for Packaging Labeling.
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CONCLUSIONS
IP65 Canopy LED Light Fixture 150W LED Gas Station Light. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Professional Ebony Wood Clarinet Bb Like Buffet Manufacturer) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Plastic Mould Dongguan Molding Factory, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[China Wholesale 750ml Vodka Glass Bottles Brandy Spirits Bottles Cylindrical Liquor Bottles]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,OEM/ODM 86 Inch Smart Board IR Iwb Interactive Whiteboard LED LCD Screen for Education and Meetings, M.M.(1994),Color Coated Aluminum Coil/PPGI/PPGL/Gi/Gl and Roofing Sheets 3003 3004.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Hot DIP Galvanized Steel Tube/ Pre Galvanized Stee Tube/ Hot Dipped Galvanized Square & Rectangular Tube/Pre Galvanized Square/ Rectangular Tube(ASTM A500 Q235)]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Black Color Tube Eyelet Lift Gas Spring]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Factory Industrial Fast Digital Glass Ceramic Tile Plastic Aluminum Flatbed UV Printer. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[2 Kw Steam Turbine Generator Stainsteel Steel Steam Generator]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),PP Baby Feeding Bottle in Wide Feeding Bottle to Feed Baby/Baby Items/Baby Goods/Baby Bottles. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[High Current Temperature Rising Test Large Current Temperature Rising Test System]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Good Quality Banded Type Tee.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Domino Tiles Plastic]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[TBR Ceramic Roller PLC Control Double Heating Section Tempered Glass Making Furnace for Solar Glass Appliance Glass]
Drive in Rack 2 Ton Reach Warehouse Forklift Battery Electric Reach Truck Price, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Beautiful Hair Styling Plastic Comb Sweep Brush Hair Brush for Girls.Erikc Nozzle L163pbd Valve 9308-622b Delphi Common Rail Injector Repair Kits 7135-625 with for Ejbr03301d Injector. USP/SP[2 Cavity Semi-Auto Large Plastic Pet Water Milk Bottle Blowing Molding/Moulding Machine]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Wear Hardness High Pressure Withstanding Ceramic Plunger Zirconia Plunger]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Bianco Carrara Marble, Italy White Stone Marble for Slabs, Tiles: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[3mm White Waterproof PVC Foam Board]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Adhesive Felt]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Automatic Bread Cake Burgers Bun Rusk Packaging Packing Machine]
Rugged Construction Material for Steel Screens for Platforms and Floor Channels., M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),FKM Rubber Gasket/Rubber O Rings in China-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Stainless Steel Vertical Pipe Clamp Cast Iron Machinery Joint Flexible Shaft Coupling]
Rugged Construction Material for Steel Screens for Platforms and Floor Channels.,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Marine Anemometer / Wind Meter/ Anemoscope with Alarm Function for Vessel/Ship]
Rugged Construction Material for Steel Screens for Platforms and Floor Channels., M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Inclined Waste Water Treatment Lamella Clarifier, Part I.33kv 100kVA Dry-Type Distribution Transformer. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Outdoor Solar Street Light Integrated All in One 12V Motion Sensor 60W Smart Lithium Battery Solar LED]
Fruit/ Vegetable Double Spray High Pressure Cleaner for Sale, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Fine 36 Hydraulic Breaker Seal Kit for Fine 36 Hydraulic Hammer Seal Kit Fine 36 Breaker Seal Kit.5mm Spc Vinyl Planks Click Lock Floor PVC Plastic Laminate Flooring, 175-184[Real Gold or Imitation Golden Color PVD Vacuum Plasma Ion Coating Machine for Watch]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[15K High Frequency Online UPS UPS RS232/USB/Snmp Optional]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Suoer 12V 220V 3000W Pure Sine Wave Inverter (FPC-D3000A). Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Stainless Braided PTFE Hose R14 Standard Pipe]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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