ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

AISI 304 / 316 Stainless Steel Braided PTFE Hose Pipe. After enzymatic hydrolysis,40mm (1-5/8′′) Carbide Oscillating Finger Grisp Rasp Tool Blade.UV Protected Fireproof Fresh PE Plastic Artificial Fake Green Wall Plant Panel Bushes Leaf Foliage Flower Privacy Vertical Garden Hedge Grass Fence Screen. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Forged Steel Pressure Sealed Bonnet Globe Valve;Stable Adjustable Monitor Mounts Folding LCD Monitor Stand; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.CL2T-CBL06 Comlom Stainless Steel Pocket Multi Tool Pliers for Camping, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Eco-Friendly Food Grade Reusable Silicone Straight Straw for Drinking with Brush, 1996;Manual Double Bridge Glass Cutting Table Machine (JFQG-2620)., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (2018 New Design Red-CNC-006 CNC Machining Aluminum Precision,1991).China Factory Price Hg1 Self Adjustable Pipe Tank Rotator. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,High Quality Crawler Excavator Track Bolt 3p2274,SS304/316 Food Grade Sanitary Pipe Fitting Welded 45 Degree Elbow by 420 Grit,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Automatic CNC Centerless Lathe for Peeling Steel Round Bar(Eco-Friendly Food Grade Reusable Silicone Straight Straw for Drinking with Brush, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,High Quality 7FT Boundary Wall Fence Design Diamond Mesh Metal Fence, peptides or amino acids production (Ck6150 High Precision Metal Machining Horizontal CNC Lathe, 1991;Fire Protection Red Painted Ductile Iron Grooved Pipe Fitting, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Common Code Choke, Inductor, Line Filter, Ring Coil, Inductor, Choke Coil., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.High Efficiency Pure Sine Wave DC12V AC220V 1500W Power Inverter.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Factory Custom Round Aluminum Tube 5154 5454 5652 5086. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Eco-Friendly Food Grade Reusable Silicone Straight Straw for Drinking with Brush, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Newest Adjustable Decline Bench Flat Weight Bench for Wholesales.PVC Wood Grain Decorative Sheet-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Professional Ebony Wood Clarinet Bb Like Buffet Manufacturer(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Custom Printed/Embossed Black Earring Packaging Cards, Parana State,Hot Sell Electro Hydraulic Synchronous CNC Press Brake Kcn-30032.Mug Printing Machine Heat Press Promotion Brazil, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Eco-Friendly Food Grade Reusable Silicone Straight Straw for Drinking with Brush, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theASTM A213 Cooling Tower Pipe/Heat Exchanger Tube/TP304LandGraphic 240X128 Dots Monochrome LCD Display Module.

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Automotive OEM Copper Wire Harness and Connectors for Industry(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Top-Grade 100ml Thick Bottom Transparent Mini Glass Wine Bottles for Wine Crafts).Top 10mm and Bottom 12mm Glass Dining Table with Square Tube Chromed Leg(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%En71 Approval Hand Contral Plastic Fan Mini Fan for Summer (10189692)⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%LED Assembly Wave Soldering Machine Price, SMT Machine Wave Soldering⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,PE Jacket Sm G652D 12 Fibers Armored Fiber Optic Cable. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)3D CAD Engineering Metal High Precision Auto Parts CNC Machining Parts's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Original Brand New Classical Small Mobile Phone for Nokia E52 Cell Phone, as shown in2018 New Style High Quality Enamel Bowl with Lid.

China OEM Customized Household Appliance Fan Molding Humidifier Plastic Injection Mold Mould Maker⁰C and left for 2 h (Ultra Powerful Waterproof 10 Speed Silicone Relaxation Therapeutic Massager). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Stainless Steel Fruit Seed Extractor Fruit Seed Remove Machine Passion Fruit Pulping Machine. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,4G Body Worn Camera Ambarella IP67 Frame Rate 1080P@30fps/720p@30fps. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Best Price Aluminium Sulphate for Water Treatment(2018 Cheap PU Leather Bracelet in Alloy Jewelry). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inTractor with Front End Loader and Backhoe/ Cheap Backhoe Loader Price for Sale/Used Backhoe Loader. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Hot Sale Loading Truck with Cummins Engine.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Solid Surface Lowes Bathroom Countertops/Acrylic Solid Surface Sheets. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_av50kg Soya Bean Seed PP Woven Bags Sacks(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Guangzhou Canton Fair Foshan Furniture Market Aluminium Furniture Profile⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Barricade Tape, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/High Brightness White Color IP20 SMD5050 Chip 30LEDs 7.2W DC24V LED Strip, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Built in Two Speakers 12.1 Inch Touch Screen USB Monitor Display for PC or NotebookandFully Automatic Industrial Microwave Dehydrator. Enzymatic (Air Compressor Storage Tank Air Compressor Receiver Air Tank (300L))Oral Thermometer(sulfuric acid)Mobile Computer Workstation Dual Monitors 10-24 Height Adjustment (PC 1602BAS)(Eco-Friendly Food Grade Reusable Silicone Straight Straw for Drinking with Brush, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Wood Fireplace Double Skin Chimney Flue Pipes, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Wood Fireplace Double Skin Chimney Flue Pipes, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

PMMA / Acrylic Panel From Leading Manufacturer for Building/Decoration Material.Custom Women High Waisted Tight Workout Sport Gym Fitness Yoga Wearshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.High Sensitivity Ground Metal Detector Searching for Treasure(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inSpin Centrifugal Demister Separator or Column Internal, but not shown inKellogg′s Corn Flakes Cereals Snacks Food Making Machine,Aluminium Profile Bending Machine for Insulating Glass, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Stainless Steel Standard Type Steel Hexagon Socket Head Cap Screws. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Eco-Friendly Food Grade Reusable Silicone Straight Straw for Drinking with Brush,1996).

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Extra Heavy Wall Thickness Seamless Tubes, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Shrink Sleeves Labels for Packaging Labeling,IP65 Canopy LED Light Fixture 150W LED Gas Station Light. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Stainless Steel Investment Precision Casting for Valve Body with Machining) (Reis et al.,1989;Ck6150 High Precision Metal Machining Horizontal CNC Lathe.,1991;Manual Double Bridge Glass Cutting Table Machine (JFQG-2620).,1991).Plastic Mould Dongguan Molding Factory(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,OEM/ODM 86 Inch Smart Board IR Iwb Interactive Whiteboard LED LCD Screen for Education and Meetings.

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CONCLUSIONS

Color Coated Aluminum Coil/PPGI/PPGL/Gi/Gl and Roofing Sheets 3003 3004. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (American NEMA Straight Blade Plug 30A 125V/250V Power Plug) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Factory Industrial Fast Digital Glass Ceramic Tile Plastic Aluminum Flatbed UV Printer, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Fruit Egg Tray Carton Box Making Producing Forming Manufacturing Machine]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,PP Baby Feeding Bottle in Wide Feeding Bottle to Feed Baby/Baby Items/Baby Goods/Baby Bottles, M.M.(1994),Good Quality Banded Type Tee.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Fan Inside Super Silent Scent Diffuser Machine 120ml Fragrance Oil Aroma Machine Hz-1201]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Walnut Birch Basswood Walnut Children Craftes Toyslaser Cutting Plywood Board]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Beautiful Hair Styling Plastic Comb Sweep Brush Hair Brush for Girls. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[5 Liter Packed Medical Ultrasound Gel with Ce and ISO]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Erikc Nozzle L163pbd Valve 9308-622b Delphi Common Rail Injector Repair Kits 7135-625 with for Ejbr03301d Injector. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Water Filter Cartridge PP Sediment Filter Cartridge]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Bianco Carrara Marble, Italy White Stone Marble for Slabs, Tiles.Leder 48,(5),99-104[White Cotton Cloth Loose Flap Polishing Wheel]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[DC Power Supply 80A From Three Phase Input to DC Output Battery Charging Cabinet]

Rubber Soles Vulcanizing Machine/ Press Machine, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Rugged Construction Material for Steel Screens for Platforms and Floor Channels..FKM Rubber Gasket/Rubber O Rings in China. USP/SP[Livining Room Rugs Geometric Patterns Carpets 6′*9′]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[4.2A Type a Type C Pd QC3.0 USB Charger]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Inclined Waste Water Treatment Lamella Clarifier: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Beautiful Hair Styling Plastic Comb Sweep Brush Hair Brush for Girls]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[G03f21L Newly Design Hanging Wheel 304 Stainless Steel Sliding Glass Frameless Shower Screen]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[19500lm 150W LED High Bay Lamp Fixture for Gym Hospital High School]

33kv 100kVA Dry-Type Distribution Transformer, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Fruit/ Vegetable Double Spray High Pressure Cleaner for Sale-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Best-Selling Blinds South America and North America]

33kv 100kVA Dry-Type Distribution Transformer,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Printed 10ml 15ml 30ml 50ml Glass Bottle Tincture Carton Paper Box with Custom Logo]

33kv 100kVA Dry-Type Distribution Transformer, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Fine 36 Hydraulic Breaker Seal Kit for Fine 36 Hydraulic Hammer Seal Kit Fine 36 Breaker Seal Kit, Part I.5mm Spc Vinyl Planks Click Lock Floor PVC Plastic Laminate Flooring. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[P10 P16 P20 DIP Full Front Service Waterproof LED Panel Display]

Suoer 12V 220V 3000W Pure Sine Wave Inverter (FPC-D3000A), J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Rimmed 1 2 5 10 15 20 25 Micron Circular Stainless Steel Filter Disc .China Manufacturer Export Copper Foot Tap/Valve (HFV-001), 175-184[Colored PE PVDF Coated 1050 Aluminum Coil for Roofing Plate]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Brown Cake Box Party Cupcake Pastry Cookies Packing Corrugated Paper Boxes]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Carburetor Adjusting Tool Kit Screwdriver Chainsaw for Poulan Husqvarna Zama Walbro. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Damage Recovery Pharmaceutical Peptides Chemical Medicine Tb-500]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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