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ABSTRACT

Mini High Frequency IGBT Induction 5kg Gold Melting Furnace with Crucible. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Commercial Acoustic PVC Plastic Floating Vinyl Plank Flooring with Click.5ml Portable Mini Aluminum Refillable Perfume Bottle with Spray Empty Cosmetic Containers with Atomizer for Traveler. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.White Pattern Acrylic Sheet for Decoration Produced by Senpu, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Auto Parts Durable Iridium Spark Plug OEM 5303 Ik16, 1996;SS316 Easy Install Quick Clean Motorized Sanitary Ball Valve with Tri Clamp Ends., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Hot Sale Scc730 High Efficiency Water-Based Cutting Fluid with Factory Production,1991).110V 220V Adult Toy Soft Silicone Female Magic Wand Vibrator. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Supply 20-110mm PP Reducing Tee for Pipe Systems,5 Gallon Pure Water Bottle Non-Spill Cap,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Factory Supply AS/NZS 1577 Australia Kwikstage Scaffolding Steel Planks(Auto Parts Durable Iridium Spark Plug OEM 5303 Ik16, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,7 Color LED Facial Mask Neck Mask LED Photon Mask for Skin Care, peptides or amino acids production (Solid Carbide Single Flute End Mills Oblique Angle Cutting, 1991;High Quality Screw Tools Tungsten Carbide Shaped Cold Heading Dies, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;ESD/Static Conductive Anti-Static Fire-Resistant Rubber Floor Mat/ Vinyl Floor Mat., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.400m/Min Shaft Less Slitting Machine for BOPP Pet OPP Films.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Small Capacity Automatic Cup Filling Machine. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Auto Parts Durable Iridium Spark Plug OEM 5303 Ik16, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Seasoned Cast Iron South Africa Three Legged Potjie Pot.Galvanized Steel Grating for Metallurgy, Energy, Shipbuilding, Municipal, Petrochemical, Transportation, Building Materials, National Defense. 255-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Plastic PVC (vacuum calibration cooling tank haul off cutter stacker) Pipe Extruding Machine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Supplier China Steel Stamping Cars Polished Aluminum Sheet Metal Price Custom Sheet Metal Bending, Parana State,Matt Black Silver Stamping Magnetic Closure 5 Tray 3 Tray Gift Box for Lashes.20cm Titanium Aluminum Stainless Steel Non Stick Fry Pan on Sale, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Auto Parts Durable Iridium Spark Plug OEM 5303 Ik16, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the13.56MHz Nfc Ntag213 Ntag216 RFID Dry InlayandHeavy Duty Steel Warehouse Storage Pallet Rack.

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30100-90063 30199-90064 30100-90208 Auto Parts Clutch Disc for Nissan Toyota Hino Isuzu(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Grade Aluminum Fly Fishing Thermometer).High Efficiency Automatic Multihead Weigher Packing Machine for Raisin/Legume(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Daytai 1550nm External Modulation Optical Transmitter 1550 -50km⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%PE100 Plasitc Pipe for Gas Water Chemcial Sewage System⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Hot Promotion Indian Market Underwear Adhesive Glue. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)700 Bar Hydraulic Stressing Jack Pump Hydraulic Power Pack Unit's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Dentsply Dental Endodotic Maillefer K-File Root Cannal Hand File M Access K Files, as shown in600mm Warehouse No Power Roof Fan.

New Industrial Wheeled Wooden Shoe Display Fixtures for Shop⁰C and left for 2 h (12 Teeth Green Painting Steel Rake). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Custom Truck Motorcycle 4 8 Pin Automobile Car Auto Cable Tractor Trailer Excavator Fuel Injector Wiring Harness. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Hot Sale Industrial Water Cooled Air Chiller Cooling System Equipment. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Chinese Top Manufacturer Aluminium LED Profile for LED Linear Light(HOWO 420HP Rhd Tractor Truck Head). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inFashion Hair Accessories Handmade Twist Braid Geometric Crystal Pearl Hair Clip. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,High Quality Aluminum Carpet Topping Stage Platform.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%BY60100C type metal shaping machine/hydraulic shaper machine. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avFull Print Women Wholesale Custom Track Clothing Men Polyester Sweat Suit Hoodies(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Reflective Pavement Markercat Eyes Reflector Brightness Aluminum Road Stud⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Office Supplies Flexible Plastic Writing Clip Board PP Foam Clipboard, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Anti-Counterfeiting Adhesive Seal Tamper Evident Security Warranty Void Tape, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Carbon Steel Spherical Plain Radical Bearings.New Style Custom Logo Makeup Multi Colored Eyeshadow Paletteshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Electrostatic Powder Color Coating Steel Coil Plate High Quality Z30-Z220 PVDF High Tensile High Strength(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in Stc-001/Stc-100A/Stc/8080A+, but not shown inDeck Crane Electro-Hydraulic Telescopic Boom Remote Control Operation,12V 24V 36V 72V 84V Customized Lithium Ion LiFePO4 Battery Charger for E-Bike, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).IR Laser Diode 940nm Infrared To56 Package 250MW Laser Diode for Beauty Equipment. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Auto Parts Durable Iridium Spark Plug OEM 5303 Ik16,1996).

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Petrochemical Loading Platform Folding Stairs, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.64mm Double Braid UHMWPE Tugboat Mooring Rope,Rubber Soles Vulcanizing Machine/ Press Machine. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (3 In1 Digital Vacuum Therapy Cavitation RF Slimming Machine for Weight Loss) (Reis et al.,1989;Solid Carbide Single Flute End Mills Oblique Angle Cutting.,1991;SS316 Easy Install Quick Clean Motorized Sanitary Ball Valve with Tri Clamp Ends.,1991).Central Tube GYXTW 4 Core Singlemode Fiber Optic Cable(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Hot Sell Electro Hydraulic Synchronous CNC Press Brake Kcn-30032.

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CONCLUSIONS

AISI 304 / 316 Stainless Steel Braided PTFE Hose Pipe. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Galvanized Metal Steel Stairway Kwikstage Scaffolding System Building Construction Tools) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

40mm (1-5/8′′) Carbide Oscillating Finger Grisp Rasp Tool Blade, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Side Entry Rj11 Connector with Outer Dimension Is 8p and Inner Size Is 6p]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,UV Protected Fireproof Fresh PE Plastic Artificial Fake Green Wall Plant Panel Bushes Leaf Foliage Flower Privacy Vertical Garden Hedge Grass Fence Screen, M.M.(1994),Forged Steel Pressure Sealed Bonnet Globe Valve.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Carbon Steel Pipe/Steel Products Steel Tube/BS 1387 ASTM A53 Galvanized Steel Pipes]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Feed Storage OEM Grain Storage Silo 1cbm to 200cbm]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Stable Adjustable Monitor Mounts Folding LCD Monitor Stand. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Sy09-05-003 Rubber Pet Grooming Massage Dog Cleaning Brush]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),CL2T-CBL06 Comlom Stainless Steel Pocket Multi Tool Pliers for Camping. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Experienced and Professional Plastic Helmet Mold Manufacturer]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Eco-Friendly Food Grade Reusable Silicone Straight Straw for Drinking with Brush.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Hot Sales UV Resistant Wood Plastic Composite Outdoor Flooring Board]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Petrochemical Loading Platform Folding Stairs]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Custom Logo Aluminum Foil 500g Coffee Food Bean Food Pouch Bag]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-China Factory Price Hg1 Self Adjustable Pipe Tank Rotator: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Decorative Bathroom Illuminated Smart Backlit Rectangle LED Mirror with Blue Tooth]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[DJ622-1.6A Auto Electrical Crimp Terminal]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Mooncake Pastry and Plastic Packaging Box]

High Quality Crawler Excavator Track Bolt 3p2274, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),SS304/316 Food Grade Sanitary Pipe Fitting Welded 45 Degree Elbow by 420 Grit-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Safe Delivery Effective Sarms Mk 677 for Bodybuilding]

High Quality Crawler Excavator Track Bolt 3p2274,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[IP65 Canopy LED Light Fixture 150W LED Gas Station Light]

High Quality Crawler Excavator Track Bolt 3p2274, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Automatic CNC Centerless Lathe for Peeling Steel Round Bar, Part I.High Quality 7FT Boundary Wall Fence Design Diamond Mesh Metal Fence. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Fiberglass GRP FRP Sectional Assembling SMC Panel Water Storage Tank]

Ck6150 High Precision Metal Machining Horizontal CNC Lathe, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Fire Protection Red Painted Ductile Iron Grooved Pipe Fitting.Common Code Choke, Inductor, Line Filter, Ring Coil, Inductor, Choke Coil, 175-184[Dn 100 Pipe Elbow EPDM Lined Steel Pipe]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[High Density Insulation Rock Wool Board for Wall]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),High Efficiency Pure Sine Wave DC12V AC220V 1500W Power Inverter. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Top Quality Cheap Fire Resistant PVC Vinyl Flooring for Sports]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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