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vol.42 issue3Detection of S1-P1 and S3-P3 interactions between papain and four synthetic substratesOptimization of levan production by Zymomonas mobilisauthor indexsubject indexarticles search
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Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Diamond Circular Tct Saw Blade for Cutting Wood/Marble Stone/Metal. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,2018 Classic New Design Metal Optical Glasses Men and Women Reading Eyeglasses


ABSTRACT

High Quality Endoscopic Surgical Adult Disposable Bite Block. After enzymatic hydrolysis,China OEM ABS Clear Plastic Injection Molding.Widely Use 32 Cavities Pet Preform Water Bottle Mould. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Black Powder Coated Steel Sheet Metal Housing;Alloy Steel Hot Forged 4140 42CrMo4 4340 Forging Ring; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Hot Sell 100% Seal Hexagon Glass Jam Jar, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Metal Parts Stamping, Stamped Brass Shrapnel,   Brass Connect Stamping, Electronic Connection Piece Metal Stamped Part, Copper, Brass Connect Stamping, 1996;High Quality Stacking Plastic Crystal Bar Stool Chiavari Napoloen Chair., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Factory Direct Sale Custom Auto Refinish Paint Masking Tape/Crepe Paper Tape,1991).Heavy Caliber Copper Rectangular Steel Tube. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,2mm White Coated Paper Cake Boards Jordan,Multiple Style Jewelry Packaging Box/Ring Box Custom Logo Jewelry Box,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Luxious Hotel Passenger Elevator, Titanium Elevator(Metal Parts Stamping, Stamped Brass Shrapnel,   Brass Connect Stamping, Electronic Connection Piece Metal Stamped Part, Copper, Brass Connect Stamping, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Yuchai 400kw Diesel Generator Set, peptides or amino acids production (Black Plastic GRP FRP PE Pipe Fitting for Water Supply, 1991;2194230012 for Mercedes Benz Auto Spare Parts Brake Disc, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Precision Casting Factory Foundry OEM Ductile Iron Sand Casting., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Hot Sale Electrical Motors Small for Home Appliance.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-PE PVC Profile Extruder PE PP Profile Extrusion Machine Plastic Profile Extrusion Line. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Metal Parts Stamping, Stamped Brass Shrapnel,   Brass Connect Stamping, Electronic Connection Piece Metal Stamped Part, Copper, Brass Connect Stamping, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Bending Shrapnel.12V Car Cigarette Lighter Adapter Power Extension Cord-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Lab Horizontal Bead Mill for Paint, Ink, Pigment, Agrochemicals(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Water Bed, Water Slide, Water Roller for Indoor PlaygroundAlcalase2.5 L DX,Besen Portable EV Fast Charger  with Schuko Plug, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Full Automatic Weighing Bag Packing Machine for Jelly/Medicinal Materials); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)1/2′′ X 4feet Hot Dipped Galvanized Welded Mesh Roll(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

UL Kc CB Bis Un38.3 Approved 461730 3.7V 200mAh Lipo Battery for Bluetooth Earphone, Parana State,2018 Classic New Design Metal Optical Glasses Men and Women Reading Eyeglasses.Oil Wax Furniture PVC Leather (HONGJIU-498#), exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Metal Parts Stamping, Stamped Brass Shrapnel,   Brass Connect Stamping, Electronic Connection Piece Metal Stamped Part, Copper, Brass Connect Stamping, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the12# X 14# Electric Galvanized Double Strands Barbed WireandDump Truck HOWO Tipper Truck 25ton Capacity Sinotruk Truck.

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Single Screw Extruder Window Door PVC Rubber Sealing Strip Production Making Machine(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Electric Line Fitting Cable Hardware Screw Bolt Single Hole Ovaleye).M23 Round Plug 9 12 Pin Male MID Fixed Signal Connector(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%China High Efficiency Automatic Glue Dispensing Machine with Factory Price0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%CNC Machining Mechanical Parts Fabrication Service0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Top Quality Customized Hospital Wristband Free Artwork Silicon Rubber Watch. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Environmental-Friendly/Lightweight/Fireproof/Soundproof EPS Sandwich Panel for Partition/Exterior/Interior Wall's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Electronic Pulse Gas Stove Burner Igniter Transformer Parts, as shown inEnergy Conservation Electric Single Servo Turret Punch Press Machine D-Es300.

CNC Turned Aluminum Anodized Auto Part0C and left for 2 h (Most Popular Split Pressurized Flat Panel Solar Water Heater). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Air Cooled 2.8/3.0kw Single Phase Electric Start Portable Diesel Generator. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Commercial Vegetable Mushroom Coconut Meat Drying Machine. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'4mm/5mm/6mm/8mm/10mm/12mm/15mm/19mm Tempered Glass/Flat and Curved Glass/Safety Glass(Cummins Diesel Engine ISM11 Qsm11 Fuel Injector Repair Rebuilt Parts Injector Cup Nozzle 4903474). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inCoated Outdoor Frontlit Banner. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Headband Big Headphone EVA Bag Tool Case Specialized Storage Box.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Hydraulic Fold-Bend Machine Hydraulic Bending Machine. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavDelphi Control Valve 28239295 (622B)(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Hot Sale Ink Chip for Epson P6070/P7070/P8070/P9070 Inkjet Printers0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Bathroom Makeup LED Mirror Glass with Light, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Green PVC Coated Euro Fence Welded Wire Mesh Fence Garden Fence Euro Wire Fence, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Titanium Stainless Steel Rings Rose Gold Anti-Allergy Smooth Simple Wedding Couples RingsandHot Selling Mini 3D Printer 80mm/S Ender-3 PRO Cheap 3D. Enzymatic (White and Green Board, School Writing Board, School Furniture (GT-76C))Current Precise LED Digital Ammeter(sulfuric acid)Automatic Drinking Mineral Water Filling Line/Water Bottling Line(Metal Parts Stamping, Stamped Brass Shrapnel,   Brass Connect Stamping, Electronic Connection Piece Metal Stamped Part, Copper, Brass Connect Stamping, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Newest Design Factory Price Brown Leather School Bag Genuine Leather Backpack for Men, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Newest Design Factory Price Brown Leather School Bag Genuine Leather Backpack for Men, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

PP Polypropylene Two Layer Film Blowing Machine.Solid Surface Lowes Bathroom Countertops/Acrylic Solid Surface Sheetsshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Disposable Sugarcane Pulp Paper Bowl 500ml(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inIndustry Fluorine Lined Butterfly Valve Lug Type, but not shown inStainless Steel Fruit Seed Extractor Fruit Seed Remove Machine Passion Fruit Pulping Machine,Flat Roof Insulation Board Heat Insulation Board, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).2018 Single-Sided Printing Ribbon Bow Ribbon Gift Wrapping Ribbon. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Metal Parts Stamping, Stamped Brass Shrapnel,   Brass Connect Stamping, Electronic Connection Piece Metal Stamped Part, Copper, Brass Connect Stamping,1996).

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Solar Power Panels Kits Modules Home Solar System USB Fan Bluetooth Music Speaker, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.304 Stainless Steel Chocolate Pump for Delivering Chocolate Paste,Toko 1.0mm Er70s-6 MIG Copper Alloy Welding Wire in Spools. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (4lz-4.5 Small Tank Kubota Similar Rice Harvester) (Reis et al.,1989;Black Plastic GRP FRP PE Pipe Fitting for Water Supply.,1991;High Quality Stacking Plastic Crystal Bar Stool Chiavari Napoloen Chair.,1991).8.0g Polyester / Fiberglass Laid Scrim for Building - Tunnel Membranes(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Ballscrew Fixed Support Unit Fk12 with High Quality for The Module.

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CONCLUSIONS

Natural OEM Private Label Customized Skin Care Face Serum. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Full Automatic Weighing Bag Packing Machine for Jelly/Medicinal Materials) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Air-Cooled Induction Heater for Metal Heating Brazing Welding Hardening Tempering, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Aluminium Sand Casting]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Automatic Screw Press Dewatering Machine for Cassava Residue, M.M.(1994),Outdoor Indoor Football Soccer Goal Post Net for Kids.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[ Pipe Tube Curving Machine with Super Quality]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Premium quality for Potassium Humate powder]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Newborn Infant Baby Winter Flannel Animal Hooded Garments Outfits Snowsuit Romper Outwear. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Hydraulic Cutter Bread Machine (ZMF-20Y)]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),20kg Net Weight Double Pleastic Bags Outer Carton Peanut Paste for Snack Factory. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[100%Rayon Red Satin Dyeing Fabric for Women Dress]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Hot Sale High Speed Mixer Blender for Extruder Machine.Leder 48,(5),99-104[High Quality CNC Machined Motorcycle Brake Caliper with Any Colors]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Water Bed]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Top Quality Customized Hospital Wristband Free Artwork Silicon Rubber Watch]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Garbage Bag Making Machine Price Trash Bag Sealing Machine: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Pre Painted Steel Coil and Sheet]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Sound Insulated Fireproof Steel Rock Wool Sandwich Boards]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Customized Frame Mount Highway Pegs Enclosure Parts]

12 24 Cores Plastic Fiber Optic Fusion Splice Tray for FTTH Cable, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Finks 41 Inch Spruce Walnut Folk & Acoustic Guitar Special Guitar-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[China Factory Supplying High Purity Magnesium Alloy Ingot 99.0%~99.9%]

12 24 Cores Plastic Fiber Optic Fusion Splice Tray for FTTH Cable,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Global Brands 10 Year Cheaper Hook & Loop Tape Male Side]

12 24 Cores Plastic Fiber Optic Fusion Splice Tray for FTTH Cable, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Travel Refillable Perfume Atomizer Spray Bottle, Fragrance Empty Bottle with Window, Part I.Single Block Vertical Wire Drawing Machine for Screw and Bolt Making. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Ge-Ding High Voltage Reed Relay Grl 24V Z1-Grl-2412 1X10^10ohm Gd]

China Professional Shipping Agent to Turkey, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),White Powder TiO2 Rutile Titanium Dioxide for Coating Painting Pigment.Crusher for Animal Waste/ Chicken Manure, 175-184[Adjustable Truck Seat]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Transmission Ultrasound Gel /20ml]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Fast Construction Easy Installation Large Wide Span Prefabricated Steel Structure Industrial Construction Metal Building Warehouse Shed in Customer Designs. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Cheap 20tons LPG Semi Trailers Gas Tank Transport Trailer for Sale]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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