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ABSTRACT

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.PVC Corrugated or Smooth Surface Helix Suction Water Hose, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Cleaning Pipeline Cleaning Rubber Sponge Ball for Concrete Pump Spare Parts, 1996;Ivd Component PP Barbed Threaded Connector., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Workshop Tools 7.5 Ton Electric Winch with Dual Speed,1991).Best High Energy 1500mj 1064nm 532nm Painless Permanent Age Spot Freckle Tattoo Removal Skin Laser Therapy Equipment. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Niu Yuan Decorative Square Ceramic Inside Corner Metal Stainless Steel Tile Edge Trim,500ml Stainless Steel Thermos Glass Sport Flask Vacuum Kettle Double Wall Water Bottle,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,RFID Blocking Leather Slim Zipper Credit Card Holder Wallet(Cleaning Pipeline Cleaning Rubber Sponge Ball for Concrete Pump Spare Parts, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,2017 New Design Vinyl 3D Stone Wallpaper Factory in China, peptides or amino acids production (Custom Small Paper Gift Box with Magnet Closure for E-Cigarette, 1991;Agricultural Mini Tiller Farm Wheel 62cc Cultivator, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;0.8 Ton New China Small Hydraulic Bucket Crawler Mini Bagger Excavator with Cheap Factory Price., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Antique Brown Marble Mosaic Tile for Floor/Wall/Bathroom/Backsplash/Table/Patterns.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-High Efficient Online Hot Glue Dispensing Machine for Electronic Products. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Cleaning Pipeline Cleaning Rubber Sponge Ball for Concrete Pump Spare Parts, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰High Quality D400 FRP Composite Lockable Waterproof Round Manhole Cover and Frame BS En124.Marine Anemometer / Wind Meter/ Anemoscope with Alarm Function for Vessel/Ship-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Automotive Sheet Metal Stamping Car Auto Parts(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%High Quality HDMI to VGA Converter Cable with Audio and USB Power Cable. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avHub 113-27-41330 for Bulldozer D31p-18 Spare Parts(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Carbon Steel Pipe ASTM A106 A53⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Reasonable Price 1715 1708 Aluminium LED Strip Profile for Hotel, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Peptides Powder Ghrp 2 for Muscle Building with Super Quality, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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CONCLUSIONS

Microfiber Polyester Twill 150d Textile for Apron Garment Cushions Baby Trolley. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (2019 Fashion New Styles Woman Shoulder Hobo Handbags PU Leather Ladies Crossbody Tote Bag W624-1) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Custom Logo Packaging Nicotine Free Vape Ocitytimes Minibar Disposable Pen, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[m.yesonmesh.com]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,5km City Surveillance Network Infrared Laser PTZ Camera, M.M.(1994),300 M Portable Water Well Mining Exploration Core Drilling Rig.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Large Stock Aerators for Shrimp Farms and Fish Pond]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[High Quality Meat Pie Making Machine with Different Mould Shape]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Foteck SSR 40da Solid State Power SSR Relay. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[2019 Wholesale Electroplate Purple Glass Votive Candle Jar for Holidays]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),2015 New Square Folding Ajustable Wall LED Bathroom Mirror. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Masturbators Adult Sex Toys Japanese Love Doll]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Equipment Manufacturers Mayflay Sales Semi-Auto Dry - Suction Commercial Sandblaster for Motorcycle Frame Surface Cleaning with Light Gun & Nozzle.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Bond Clamp]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Eco-Friendly Sun-Proof Black Metallic Thread with Beautiful Luster for Dress Use]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Automotive Sheet Metal Stamping Car Auto Parts]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Medical Suction Connecting Tube with Yankauer Suction Handle: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Excavator Transportation Gooseneck Low Bed Semi Trailer 3 Axles]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[3/4 Orange PVC Coated Working Gloves]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[3-in-1 Automatic Bottled Pure Mineral Water Filling Equipment for Gallon Bottle]

Surface Mounted Wall Light for Home Decoration Waterproof, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Yhzs60 Mobile Concrete Batching Plant, Portable Concrete Mixing Plant, Portable Ready Mix Concrete Batch Plant-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[China Suppliers Laser Marking Equipment of Fiber Laser]

Surface Mounted Wall Light for Home Decoration Waterproof,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Manual Double Bridge Glass Cutting Table Machine (JFQG-2620)]

Surface Mounted Wall Light for Home Decoration Waterproof, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Self-Propelled Wheel Farm Using 3 Rows Corn Harvester, Part I.Right Angle Worm Gearbox for Food and Beverage and Packaging Machines. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Hot Selling Fgg. 0b. 309 Metal Circular Push Pull Connector]

Manufacturer High Strength Carbon Steel Heavy Hex Nut, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Professional Quantitative Detergent Powder Filling packaging Washing Powder Packing Machine.Stainless Steel Seamless Coil Tube ASTM A249/A269, 175-184[Where Can I Buy Lithium Batteries]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Corrosion Resistant Acid Resistant Super Duplex Stainless Steel F51 F53 F55 High Pressure Soft Seat Metal Seat Flange Floating Ball Valve]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),The Cheapest Hot Sale Agricultural/Commercial Plastic Greenhouse (JIT-406021PT). Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Pet Juice Bottle Cap and Preform Making Automatic Injection Moulding Machine]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Portable Concrete Mixing PlantAuthor for correspondence