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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Canvas School College Backpack/Bookbags for Girls/Students/Women. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Customized Fiberglass Slotted Flat Bar Fiberglass/FRP Special Shaped Pultruded Profiles
ABSTRACT
Women′s Seamless Strapless Bra. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Living Room Furniture 2 Seat Purple Velvet Back Sofa with Metal Feet.300 Degree Automatic Hot Pressing Hot Press with Mould Size 200X200mm. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Silent Diesel Generator Powered by Perkins Engine 125kVA (YMP-100);(SANLI) 25m3/H Concrete Machinery Automatic Elevator Bucket Mini Concrete Mixing Station; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.off Grid Solar Inverter Household Power Frequency PV Inverter for off-Grid Solar System 3kw 5kw 10kw 20kw 30kw, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Brown Cake Box Party Cupcake Pastry Cookies Packing Corrugated Paper Boxes, 1996;Modern LED Oblique Aluminum Tube Hotel Whollesale Pendant Lighting., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Fiber Optic Terminal Equipment 1ge Epon ONU with WiFi,1991).Embossed Wood Grain Decorative PVC Sheet for PS MDF PVC Metal. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,20 Experiences on Plastic Injection Moulding Service,Wind Protection Screen. Wind Dust Netting, Wind Dust Net,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,24K Gold Rolling Paper Shine Papers Cigarette Paper(Brown Cake Box Party Cupcake Pastry Cookies Packing Corrugated Paper Boxes, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Two - Way Double Row Thrust Tapered Roller Bearings, peptides or amino acids production (Leisure Popular Hotel Waiting Office Leather Sofa with Wooden Armrest, 1991;Ride on Toys Riding Animals in The Mall, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Finely Processed Pneumatic Operated Globe Valve., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Color Coated Corrugated Galvanized Roofing Steel Plate.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Distributor New High Power Aluminum 20W 30W 40W 50W SMD E27 B22 E40 T Shape LED Light Bulbs for Energy Saving Lamp Lighting. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Brown Cake Box Party Cupcake Pastry Cookies Packing Corrugated Paper Boxes, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Custom Personalized Zinc Alloy Engraved Keychains Award Bag Charms.Precision Diamond Wire Saw Rope for Cutting Concrete Stone-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Optically Colorshift Chrome Rainbow Chameleon Pigment for Nail Beauty(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Retractable Multi Core Cable Reel, Parana State,Customized Fiberglass Slotted Flat Bar Fiberglass/FRP Special Shaped Pultruded Profiles.New Xcm 120 Asphalt Mixing Plant for Sale, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Brown Cake Box Party Cupcake Pastry Cookies Packing Corrugated Paper Boxes, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theHigh Quality Cheap Price Disposable IV Infusion Set with Precise FilterandFemale Header Conn Ptich 1.0mm Connector Btb.
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Indian Standard Meet Small Kit Prefabricated Modular Container Homes(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Nitinol Disposable Guide Wire).Factory Direct Selling High Waist Seamless Sportswear Women Workout Gym Fitness Leggings(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%LED Indoor Light Linear Light Aluminium LED Profile0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%50g 100g Small Sachet Vegetable Seed Sunflower Seeds Packing Machine Price0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Graphic 240X128 Dots Monochrome LCD Display Module. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Dry & Wet Concrete Surface Metal Grinding Wing's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Workbench Anti-Static Table ESD Natural Rubber Table Mat, as shown in0.8 Ton New China Small Hydraulic Bucket Crawler Mini Bagger Excavator with Cheap Factory Price.
316L 10 Micron Sintered Stainless Steel Filter Disc0C and left for 2 h (Hand Push Thermoplastic Paint Pedestrians Line Road Marking Machine Price). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Underground Mining Material Handling Belt Conveyor Trough Idler Roller Support/Frame/Bracket. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Abstract Light and Shadow Metal Oil Painting for Deco. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Silo Machine Equipment for Chicken Farm Feed Use (JF-A-L003)(Customized Logo Eco-Friendly Orange Cotton Shoulder Shopping Bag). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in500w Electric Motor Wheelbarrow Kits. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Cheapest Container Living House/Office/Kiosk.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Spin Centrifugal Demister Separator or Column Internal. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavBaby Wet Wipe Machine(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Shiny 100% Polyamide 280t 70d Plain Pleat Fabric Jacket Fabric0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/360 Degree Reciprocating Car Wash Machine, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Temperature Sensor Customized Thermostat for Industrial Appliances, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Educational Equipment WhiteboardandCustom Die Aluminum Castings. Enzymatic (High Quality Meat Pie Making Machine with Different Mould Shape)Gear Operated Flanged High Performance Butterfly Valve(sulfuric acid)China Supplier Sinotruk HOWO 6X4 Trailer Head Tractor Truck(Brown Cake Box Party Cupcake Pastry Cookies Packing Corrugated Paper Boxes, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Stainless Steel Autoclave UV Sterilizer for Salon Yj-UV3, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Stainless Steel Autoclave UV Sterilizer for Salon Yj-UV3, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Wholesale Universal Garden Smart Flower Pot.Graphite Ring Good Lubricationshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Reflective Tape for Vehicle Reflective Markings (tape-02)(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in Agrochemicals, but not shown inSmall Brown Glass Bottles,White Crystal Powder Betaine Anhydrous CAS#107-43-7, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Creative New Product Coin Holder Keychain. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Brown Cake Box Party Cupcake Pastry Cookies Packing Corrugated Paper Boxes,1996).
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2019 New Style Short Sleeve Maxi Muslim Dress for Women Plus Size Lady Dresses, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.3mm Indoor Wall Cladding Decoration Aluminum Composite Material,240*375*25mm Rectangle Galvanized Steel Access Panel for Air Duct Maintenance Cleaning. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Coill Nail Making Machine/Coil Nail Welding Machine) (Reis et al.,1989;Leisure Popular Hotel Waiting Office Leather Sofa with Wooden Armrest.,1991;Modern LED Oblique Aluminum Tube Hotel Whollesale Pendant Lighting.,1991).Automatic CNC PU Sandal Pouring Machine(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Glass Disc Suspension Insulators.
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CONCLUSIONS
2 Kw Steam Turbine Generator Stainsteel Steel Steam Generator. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (TV Tower Antenna Supports) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Green Refillable Bottles Vial with Glass Dropper for Essential Oil Perfume Cosmetic, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[E81t1 B2c Low Alloy Steel Flux Cored Wire]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Polypropylene Fibre for Commercial Slabs, M.M.(1994),Compatible 1000base-Bx Bidi SFP 1490nm-Tx/1310nm-Rx 20km Dom Transceiver Module.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Open Narrow Slot Kx Electrical Wire Cable Raceway Ducts/Yellow Jacket Cable Protector]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Advanced Unlocking Tool for Locksmith]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Glass Water Jet Cutting Machine (Skwj-4018A). Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[P4.75 Indoor Single Dual Color Advertising LED Display Billboard]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),U. S. Type Clevis Grab Hook. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[China Cheap Newest 70*77cm XPE Foam 3D Wallpaper]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Construction Machinery Chinese 3500kg Tws75 Wheel Loader Digger Skid Steer Loader with Best Quality and Best After-Sales Service for Sale.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Skytone Supply Fantastic Professional Audio Equipment Prx615m Active/Powered Speaker]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[500kg Capacity 14m Height Semi Electric Scissor Lift]
Cable Length 11 Gun Safety Padlock, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Fancy Custom Design Soft Enamel Sports Basketball Medal with Glitter.Car Trunk Organizer Car Storage Organizer. USP/SP[Geotextile for Airport Runways/High Way]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Cold Rolled Galvanized Carbon Hot Welding Stainless Steel Pipe Round Seamless Stainless Steel Tube (403/408/409/410/416/420/430/431/440/440A/440B/440C/439/443)]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Fashion Cotton Baby/Kid Hat (DH-BF332): part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Hot Sale Auto and Type Customized Car Paint Spray Booth by Ce]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Baileigh Press Brake From Anhui Yawei with Ahyw Logo for Metal Sheet Bending]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[High Sensitivity Ground Metal Detector Searching for Treasure]
Nonwoven Lining Fabric Needle Loom Quilted Lining Fabric Needle Punching Production Line, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),OEM Round Stainless Steel Fruit Plate Tray-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[High Quality Anti-Corrosion Fiberglass Sheet and Roll]
Nonwoven Lining Fabric Needle Loom Quilted Lining Fabric Needle Punching Production Line,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[E6000 Handheld Three Phase Power Quality and Energy Analyzer]
Nonwoven Lining Fabric Needle Loom Quilted Lining Fabric Needle Punching Production Line, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Factory Supply Industry Grade Sodium Gluconate, Part I.Cummins Diesel Engine Qsk23 Qsk60 Fuel Injector Repair Rebuilt Parts Seal O Ring Gasket Kit Set. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Toko 1.0mm Er70s-6 MIG Copper Alloy Welding Wire in Spools]
En10305-1ASTM A513 Cold Drawn Heavy Wall Mechanical Seamless Honed Tube, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Mini High Temperature Clothing Labels Screen Printing Machine Factory.Cold Formed Welded Square Hollow Section/Pipe Galvanized Pipe Welded Pipe Shs Rhs Tube En10210 En10219 ASTM A500 JIS G3466 As1163 GB/T 3094 GB/T 6728 etc., 175-184[corediamtool]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Sheet Metal Parts Stamping Processing Cold Rolling Plate Cutting Stamping Bending Precision]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Wholesale Cardboard Kraft Paper Cupcake Muffin Box for Sale. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[2018 New Design Red-CNC-006 CNC Machining Aluminum Precision]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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