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Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-12/24V 150ah Power Battery Charger. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,1500 Ml Disposable Food Container Brown Kraft Paper Bowl Soup Salad Bowl with Lid (Customized Acceptable)


ABSTRACT

Air Duct Making Machine, HVAC Square Duct Making Machine for Sale. After enzymatic hydrolysis,China Brass Precision CNC Machining Spare Auto Parts with Competitive Price.Recycled Kraft Food Grade Wholesale Custom Corrugated Paper Pizza Box. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;044866-1 on/off Valve Adapter for Flow Xd Waterjet Cutting Head;Cold Rolled Sheet Table Top Two Burner Gas Stove Jp-Gc203t; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.9mm/12mm Seven Color Exposed Luminous Pixel String LED, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Construction Scaffolding Steel Galvanized Acrow Prop, 1996;3-in-1 Automatic Bottled Pure Mineral Water Filling Equipment for Gallon Bottle., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Carrier Roller for Sany Hydraulic Excavator Sy16-Sy850h-8,1991).Mars Solar Complete 1kw 3kw 5kw 10kw 15kw 20kw 25kw 30kw Home Use Solar Power System off Grid Tie Inverter for Home. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,AKD Wax 1895/Alkyl Ketene Dimer 1895,22.8V 150W Medical Halogen Lamp,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Aluminum Conductor PE Insulated Triplex Cable(Construction Scaffolding Steel Galvanized Acrow Prop, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Home Appliance Blender Juicer Motor, peptides or amino acids production (Office Matching Suitable Well-Known Brand Staff Table (HY-NNH-D05-16), 1991;Aluminum Round Circle Disc 1050 1060 1100 3003 for Pot and Basin Aluminum Circle Prices, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;13 Inch Pneumatic Rubber Wheel Bicycle Wheel with Plastic Rim for Kids Balance Bike., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.2 Axle Skeleton Trailer 40 FT Container Transport Semi Trailer Best Price.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Tractor Tine Tiller Cultivator. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Construction Scaffolding Steel Galvanized Acrow Prop, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Pressure Resistance Al2O3 Alumina Ceramic Mold Guide Pins.CL1C-GS26-A Comlom Stainless Steel Double-Walled Water Bottle-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Industrial Grade TiO2 Price Rutile Titanium Dioxide for Ceramics(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

LSR Injection Mold Tooling for Medical NippleAlcalase2.5 L DX,Nail Stamping Plates Custom Metal Part Sheet Metal Stamping, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Hot Sale Sports Jacket Men Outdoor Waterproof Jackets); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Submersible Propeller Pump with Axial-Flow/Mixed-Flow Impeller(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Custom Wood Lacquer Jewelry Packaging Set Box Packing Gift Box, Parana State,1500 Ml Disposable Food Container Brown Kraft Paper Bowl Soup Salad Bowl with Lid (Customized Acceptable).22-30L/H Commercial 3 Flavors Mix Soft Ice Cream Cones Maker Machine, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Construction Scaffolding Steel Galvanized Acrow Prop, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theCleaning Pipeline Cleaning Rubber Sponge Ball for Concrete Pump Spare Partsand3.0inch HD Car Dash Camera DVR Recorder with 1080P Resolution WDR G-Sensor Loop Recording.

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Small Steel Silo for Sale/Steel Hopper(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (304 Thick Wall Pressure Vessel Heat Exchanger Pipe).Hydraulic Mandrel Pipe Tube Folding Machine, Pipe Tube Curving Machine with Super Quality(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Exterior Sport Court Light Soccer Football Court Light Sport Court Stadium Flood Light High Mast Lights0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Smart Big Hydroponic Indoor Home Garden Planter0C for 2 h. After this treatment,China Quality Heavy Duty Globe Control Valve. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Heavy Duty Industrial Kitchen Equipment Metal Storage Wire Rack's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)China Suppliers Laser Marking Equipment of Fiber Laser, as shown inConventional Best-Selling Household Bamboo Craft Chopsticks.

Bonfiglioli Ta Series Helical Gearing Gearbox0C and left for 2 h (Baby Wet Wipe Machine). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Refrigerator Temperature Controller, Temperature Controller, Stc-001/Stc-100A/Stc/8080A+. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,LED Backlight Strip 8 Lamp for LG TV 390hvj01 Lnnotek Drt 3.0 39 39lb5610 39lb561V 39lb5800 39lb561f Drt3.0 39lb5700 39L. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Automatic Bread Cake Burgers Bun Rusk Packaging Packing Machine(Pharmaceutical Grade Raw Powder Goserelin Acetate CAS: 145781-92-6). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in5 Axis Cnc Router. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Large Stock Aerators for Shrimp Farms and Fish Pond.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%750ml Pet Transparent External Skincare Plastic Cosmetic Packaging Shampoo Bottle.. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavLarge Diameter Aluminum Pipe 3004(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.OEM/ODM Professional Activated Charcoal Teeth Whitennig Powder0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Integrated Waterproof PVC Lamination Bathroom Wall Panels, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Embossed PVC Rexine Car Seat Cover Leather, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

High Quality Hot Sale PVC/ UPVC Water Drain Irrigation Supply PipeandChinese Factory High Quality Pn10 Plastic PVC Rubber Joint NPT Thread Corrugated Ball Valves. Enzymatic (Solar Aluminum Rail Splice Connector for Rail Extention)Grade Aluminum Fly Fishing Thermometer(sulfuric acid)CNC Single Flute End Mill Milling Cutter Tools for Wood Milling(Construction Scaffolding Steel Galvanized Acrow Prop, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Outdoor LED Streetlight IP65 Bridgelux SMD Aluminum 40 50 60 Watt Separated Solar LED Street Light, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Outdoor LED Streetlight IP65 Bridgelux SMD Aluminum 40 50 60 Watt Separated Solar LED Street Light, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Sc Fiber Optic Fast Connector.Private Label OEM Best Cute Waterproof Lip Pluming Glossshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Jumbo Roll Tissue 2 Ply Toilet Paper Bathroom Tissue(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inMore Cavities Plastic Mould Design, but not shown inYuchai 400kw Diesel Generator Set,10mm Cubes N52 NdFeB Block Magnets for Electronic Components, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Watermark Approval Brass Press Equal Fitting Male Tee. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Construction Scaffolding Steel Galvanized Acrow Prop,1996).

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Outdoor UV Resistant Decoration Material WPC Exterior Wall Panels, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Multi-Tool Vibrating Knife Cutting Machine for Leather, Fabric, Textile,Customized Factory Price Stone Carving Decoration Aristotle Bust Marble Statue Mfsb-04. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Practical Aluminium Alloy Sofa Release Handle Replacement Recliner Chair Parts) (Reis et al.,1989;Office Matching Suitable Well-Known Brand Staff Table (HY-NNH-D05-16).,1991;3-in-1 Automatic Bottled Pure Mineral Water Filling Equipment for Gallon Bottle.,1991).Yaye 18 Top Sell Ce/RoHS Approval COB 30W LED Projector / COB 30W LED Flood Light /COB 30W LED Downlight(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,355nm UV Laser Marking Equipment for Crystal Materials.

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CONCLUSIONS

Mobile Network Automatic Tracking Selfie Camera Multilayer HDI PCB. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Hot Sale Sports Jacket Men Outdoor Waterproof Jackets) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Wire Mesh Welding Size 10mm X 10mm, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Commercial Display Fruits and Vegetable Display Refrigerated Cases]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,P4.75 Indoor Single Dual Color Advertising LED Display Billboard, M.M.(1994),New Smart Housing Price Motion Sensor All in One Integrated Solar LED Street Light IP65.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Best Selling Sequin Pillows / Reversible Cushions Square (YFC0061)]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[25ton LPG Tank Trailer LPG Semi Trailer LPG Gas Tank for Zimbabwe]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Plug-in Assembly Type Straight Through Joint and Insulation Joint. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Weak Daylight Recharge All in One Solar Street Light]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Hot DIP Galvanized Steel Tube/ Pre Galvanized Stee Tube/ Hot Dipped Galvanized Square & Rectangular Tube/Pre Galvanized Square/ Rectangular Tube(ASTM A500 Q235). Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[ SBPP]

Heidemann, E.(1997),High Quality Muscle Growth Bodybuilding Peptides Powder Hexarelin.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Customized Color Graduation Honor Cord]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Piggery Farm Pig/Sow Gestation Equipment From China Factory]

Mellow OEM Plastic Pet House Ml-HP004, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Quilting Machine for Muti- Needle Mattress Quilting Machine.Single-Screw Plastic Extruders Machine. USP/SP[Inclined Waste Water Treatment Lamella Clarifier]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Gas Calcined Anthracite Carburizing Agent]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Boiler Parts Water Cooling Tube, Carbon Steel 20g Gr. B Steam Cooling Fin Tube: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[5kg Empty LPG Liquid Propane Gas Cylinder with Low Pressure]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[China 3 Axles Semi Trailer]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Cvkr Silent Check Valve Dn350]

High Quanlity Colorful Aluminum Spacer/Standoff, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),5g OPP Silica Gel Desiccant-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Crane Hook Qtz250 (7032) with 70m Jib Length]

High Quanlity Colorful Aluminum Spacer/Standoff,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[120da 3-32V DC Output 24~480VAC High Voltage Single Phase Solid State Relay]

High Quanlity Colorful Aluminum Spacer/Standoff, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Electric Winch With Groove Drum, Part I.Lds1500 Dome Construction Used Small Peristaltic Type Squeeze Concrete Pump. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Men Casual Short Pants Custom Quality Running Sports Wear Shorts]

Truck Air Dryer cartridge 14bar, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Lost Wax Casting Investment Casting Marine Hardware Horizon Claw Anchors.3mm White Waterproof PVC Foam Board, 175-184[6063 Customization Press Industrial Industry Profile Flexible Strip Ceiling-Mounted Enclosure Aluminum LED Profiles for Stairs]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Indoor Outdoor Playground Ninja Warrior Equipment Obstacle Course]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Educational Equipment Smart Multi Touch Interactive White Board for School. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[ Injection Molding]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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