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Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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ABSTRACT

Stn Type 132X64 Round Display Small 2.1 Inch Cog DOT Matrix St7565r LCD Display Module Screen. After enzymatic hydrolysis,OEM Service Machining Milling Turning Service Custom CNC Aluminum Case.3W LED Explosion Proof Emergency Exit Light. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Multi-Layer Rigid-Flex PCB Fr4-Polyimide Material Sample Making;Stationery PP Clipboard With 7 Inch Scale Ruler; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Automatic Food Cookies Cake Cartoning Machine for Big Size Carton Box, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Custom Blue Round Lid Spray Perfume Glassware Cosmetic Glass Bottle, 1996;PVC Cross Joint Pipe Fittings Equal Pipe Cross., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (3PC Stainless Steel Flanged End Ball Valve 3 Inches 150,1991).Ysdcnc Manual Sheet Metal Plate Bending Roller Machine. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Betaine Anhydrous 98% Food Grade Good Quality Competitive Price,2019 Brand New Promotion Gift Custom Logo Printed Laptop Webcam Cover,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Bearing Stand Type Cam Follower(Custom Blue Round Lid Spray Perfume Glassware Cosmetic Glass Bottle, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Hot Sale Electric LED light Aroma Diffuser, peptides or amino acids production (Wear Resistant Rubber Ceramic Wear Linier Plate for Chute Liner, 1991;DC 12V Wireless Remote Control Gate Garage Duplicator Jh-Tx306, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Mini Shampoo Plastic End Caps Cosmetic Packaging Screw Caps., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.7PCS RGBW LED Plastic PAR Light Wall Washer.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-750W 8X16 Precision Mini Metal Lathe 3 Jaw 50-2500rpm. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Custom Blue Round Lid Spray Perfume Glassware Cosmetic Glass Bottle, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Kindergarten Playground Preschool Kids Plastic Slide and Swing.Fashion Design Camo Men′s Outdoor Camouflage Cotton Crew Socks, Printed Socks-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Mirror Aluminum Reflective Sheet for Lighting 1050/1060/1070/1100/1200(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Bakery Bags with Window Kraft Paper Bags Window Bags Coffee Bags Cookie Bags Treat Bags Popcorn Bags, Parana State,Micro-Combustion Tube, Test Tube (HK-224).304 316 316L Stainless Steel Banding Strap Disc Ties in Plastic Dispenser, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Custom Blue Round Lid Spray Perfume Glassware Cosmetic Glass Bottle, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theWomen Summer Swimsuit Chest Zip Bathing SuitandStackable Mahogany Color Wooden Chiavari Chair with Soft Cushion.

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SGS 0.2um 3.0 Micron PP Pleated 10 Inch Filter Cartridge for Water Treatment(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Cnm Single Strand Anchor Coupler).Excellent Quality 3-Strand PE Blue Color Fishing and Mooring Ropes(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Furniture Accessories Carriage Bolt Chipboard Fittings with Hex Long Nut0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%0.005mm Tolerance CNC Turned Stainless Steel 304 316L Parts, CNC Lathe Machine Parts0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Commercial Cubic Rough Cut White Brown Tea Coffee Lump Sugar Machine. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)304 316 Stainless Steel Grooved Cross for Water's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Outdoor 60W 80W Integrated All in One Remote Motion IP65 Sensor LED Solar Street Light with Lithium Battery Pole, as shown inFashion Design Underwear for Men Cotton Mens Boxer Briefs.

Medical Equipment Supplier Sale Battery Portable Oxygen Concentrator for Home0C and left for 2 h (Hidden Drawer Safe with Touch Screen Digital Keypad Lock for Home/Hotel). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.20 Watt AC Power Insect Killer Lamp Trap UV Light Electronic Bug Zapper Factory. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Hot Sale Laser Projector RGB Laser Light for Stage. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Pop up Tent Garden Outdoor Folding Gazebo with Mosquito Net(IEC 62196-2 Type 2 EV Charging 32A Male Plug). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inwww.rfidfs.net. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Chrome Multi-Arc Vacuum Planting Door Hinge PVD Coating Machine Manufacturer.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Acm Dewatering Twin Screw Extruder. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavTelescopic Zoom Outdoor Tactical LED Flashlight (SYSG-180820)(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Bsp Standard Malleable Iron Pipe Fitting Hexagon Nipple0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Good Quality Good Price China Plastic Injection Molding Machine, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Pet Hair Remover Glove for Dog, Grooming Gloves Brush, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

10mm Red Green Yellow Warning China Supplier Signal LampandModern Living Room Furniture Hotel Bedroom Custom Corner Sofa. Enzymatic (Alumina Balls for Hydogen Peroxide)Anti-High Pressure Insulated Pliers with PVC Dipped Handles(sulfuric acid)Hot Selling Electronical Blue Pet Plastic Release Film Price(Custom Blue Round Lid Spray Perfume Glassware Cosmetic Glass Bottle, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%DIN127 Stainless Steel Spring Lock Washer, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%DIN127 Stainless Steel Spring Lock Washer, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

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Transparent/Clear BOPP Jumbo Roll, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Yashi 19 270degree Pyramid Hologram Display Showcase Attractive,Chenille Microfiber Mop Head. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Four Color Long Sleeve Yoga Wear) (Reis et al.,1989;Wear Resistant Rubber Ceramic Wear Linier Plate for Chute Liner.,1991;PVC Cross Joint Pipe Fittings Equal Pipe Cross.,1991).Custom Waterproof Pizza Sign Large Advertising Signboard(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,PVC Shrink Sleeve Label for Drinking Water Bottle.

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CONCLUSIONS

Hang on Car Headrest Holder Tablet Cover Case for Xiaomi Pad 4. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Custom Sizes Acrylic Shoes Storage Display Box) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Galvanized Square Wire Mesh, Metal Window Screen, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Power Bank 20000mah]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Qiankai Anti-Theft Burglarproof Unbreakable Stainless Steel Security Window Screen Factory, M.M.(1994),2019 2 Wheel Folding Electric Scooter 5.5inch 24V 250W Foldable Scooter.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Black Slim PU Leather Passport Travel Wallet]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Replacement Cell Phone LCD for iPhone 6s Spare Parts]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-OEM Customized Stainless Steel Parts by Deep Drawing. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[2018 Luxury Design China Supplier Waterproof Pet Cat Dog Bed]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Children Bear English Story Book Printing. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Soundproofing Foam Backed Vinyl 3D PE Foam Wallpaper Brick Factory]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Flexible Board FPC PCB Camera Module Rigid Flex PCB.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Lgx Swing out Fiber Optic Patch Panel with SC Simplex Single Mode Adapter Panels]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Diameter 2.68m Paragraphed Autoclave for AAC Bricks]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Ferrite Core for Power Transformer (Ee16e)]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Shr IPL Elight Hair Removal and Skin Rejuvenation Beauty Machine: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[PS 200 Upper Discharge Centrifuge]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[High Quality Transparent Ladies Rain Boots]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Glass Manufacturer/Float Glass/ Tempered Glass (Flat or Curved) for Building / Furniture]

Dedi with Samsung LED HD Display 3X3 LCD Did Video Wall Walls 46 Inch 5.3mm Seamless TV, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Hot Selling Extruded Aluminum Window Frame and Sliding Door Profile for Curtain Wall (A44)-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Environmental Tester CCT Salt Fog Spray Cyclic Corrosion Test Cabinets]

Dedi with Samsung LED HD Display 3X3 LCD Did Video Wall Walls 46 Inch 5.3mm Seamless TV,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Pre Bonded U V I Flat Tip Hair Extension 1g Stick Tip Virgin Cuticle Aligned Remy Keratin Human Hair]

Dedi with Samsung LED HD Display 3X3 LCD Did Video Wall Walls 46 Inch 5.3mm Seamless TV, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Agricultural Irrigation Centrifugal Double Suction Diesel Water Pump, Part I.Linen Quiltcover Set with Quilting. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[PE Biodegradable Sheet Product Line/Single Screw Extruder]

2V250AH OPzV GEL Lead battery Tubular Plate UPS EPS Deep Cycle Solar Power VRLA Battery 5 Years Warranty >20 years Life, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Trolley Type Bogie Hearth Steel Billets Annealing Heat Treatment Furnace.Teerte Square Flat Head Self Tapping Screw, 175-184[500ml Bottle Juice Filling / Packing / Making Plant]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Wheel-Type-Carriage Precision Heavy Duty Linear Guide]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Jdz-1030 High Precision Screen Printing Machine for Satin Ribbon, Cotton Tape, Elastic Tape, Lanyard. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[ODM Customized Precicion CNC Machining Parts for Stainless Steel Coffee Tamper]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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