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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-High Quality Disposable Barbecue BBQ Mesh Grill Netting Mesh for Korea. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Leather Wallet Slim Front Pocket Wallet Billfold ID Window RFID Blocking
ABSTRACT
Relleno De Acido Hialuronico Con Enlace Cruzado Zenfil. After enzymatic hydrolysis,20inch Aluminum Folding Bike Pedal Assit Electric Bike with Throttle.Chinese Color Steel Glazed Tile Purlin Roll Forming Machine. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Industrial Sausage Meat Smoker Oven/Smokerhouse Oven;Men′s High Quality Mercerised Cotton Business Dress Socks; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Livining Room Rugs Geometric Patterns Carpets 6′*9′, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Lamella Clarifier for Wastewater Treatment Plant, 1996;Tube Cutting Machine CNC Fiber Laser Metal Pipe Machine., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Mobile Phone LCD Screen for iPhone 6s LCD Screen Touch Screen,1991).Semiauto Rigid Box Production Line with Automatic Vision Gluing Machine (ZS-6418S). Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,2018 2 Ply Sherpa Fleece Blanket Throw for Australia Market,Concentric Reducer 3 Inch*2 Inch A105 ASME B16.9,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,E6000 Handheld Three Phase Power Quality and Energy Analyzer(Lamella Clarifier for Wastewater Treatment Plant, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Qg Jg Fg Series Air Dryer Equipment Factory, peptides or amino acids production (Motor Bearing 6014 2RS Deep Groove Ball Bearing, 1991;PP Extended Stretched Wc Toilet Drain Pipe with Steel Wire Reinforced Tube Hose Extrusion Line, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Pet Short Fiber Non Woven Geotextile for Landfill Filtration., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Pre Painted Steel Coil and Sheet.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Ge-Ding High Voltage Reed Relay Grl 24V Z1-Grl-2412 1X10^10ohm Gd. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Lamella Clarifier for Wastewater Treatment Plant, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Auto Defrost Supermarket Island Freezer Merchandiser with Integral Compressor.8 Inch Computer Program Control 78cm Paper Cutter (QZK780D-8)-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Custom Cheap Marathon Sport Towel Microfiber Slogan Towel for Promotion(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
China Factory Organic Ethyl Ascorbic Acid, Parana State,Leather Wallet Slim Front Pocket Wallet Billfold ID Window RFID Blocking.Aluno Aluminum Veneer Price Aluminium Curtain Wall Details, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Lamella Clarifier for Wastewater Treatment Plant, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theOEM Service Machining Milling Turning Service Custom CNC Aluminum CaseandFull Print Women Wholesale Custom Track Clothing Men Polyester Sweat Suit Hoodies.
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Factory Price Sodium Gluconate 98% for Concrete Admixture(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Excavated Caterpillar Loader Mining Tunnel Loader Mucking Loader).Pneumatic Cut off Ball Valve with Flange Thread Weld End(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Coin Operated Whack The Mole Lottery Machine Hit Hammer Game Machine0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Lead -Free Salt Pepper Glass Jar Kitchenware Jar White Pepper Glass Jar0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Good Price Sc Single Mode Simplex Duplex Fiber Optic Adaptor. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Decorative Aluminum Wall Cladding Panel with Durable Painting Finish's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Steel Grating for Industrial Platform, as shown in3D Good Quality Laser Engraving Machine for Souvenirs Shop.
50Hz/60Hz Low Frequency Home Power Inverter 5000W0C and left for 2 h (Mirror Aluminum Reflective Sheet for Lighting 1050/1060/1070/1100/1200). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.ANSI Standard Disc Suspension Insulator (52-1) for Transmission Line. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Hot Sale Wholesale Custom Logo Luxury Paper Gift Box with Magnet Closure. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Original JAC Heavy Duty Truck Spare Parts Fuel Level Sensor 1107020y803c(Cleaning Lint Free Microfiber Mop). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inFancy Cosmetic Glass Bottle. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Rigid PVC/ Rigid Floor /Rigid Flooring /Spc Flooring.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%3PCS OEM Trolley Luggage High Quality PC Travelly Suitcase Bag. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavLint Free Nail Gel Polish Remover Nonwoven Wipes(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Mechanical Stage Collar Cementing Tool Hydraulic Stage Cementing Tool0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Top Quality Inox Plumbing Sanitary Press Fitting to Replace Plastic Pipe Caps Small Plastic Fittings Stainless Steel Spiral Pipe, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Custom Men′s Round Neck Raglan Sleeve Sport T-Shirt, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
China Factory Queen Mattress with Visco Memory Foam and LatexandFrom Chongqing by Great Manufacturer Excellent Extrusion and Stamping Die. Enzymatic (Mini Double Hole ABS Plastic CNC Machined Parts Importer)KZ-19/16/13 Pneumatic Combination Steel Binding Machine(sulfuric acid)Medical Packing Self Sealing Sterilization Pouch(Lamella Clarifier for Wastewater Treatment Plant, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Water Filter Cartridge PP Sediment Filter Cartridge, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Water Filter Cartridge PP Sediment Filter Cartridge, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Wholesale Military Black Color Clothing /Army Bdu Uniforms Surplus Stock for Sale.Candy Colorful Bentgo All-in-One Stackable Lunch/Bento Boxshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Disposable Skin Stapler (CSPF-35W)(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inLost Wax Casting Investment Casting Marine Hardware Horizon Claw Anchors, but not shown in220V/50Hz Stainless Steel Ozone Generator with 5g/H,Custom Made Restaurant Furniture Artificial Stone Round Coffee Dining Table (190827), and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).New Customized Mug Heat Press Machine Price. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Lamella Clarifier for Wastewater Treatment Plant,1996).
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CONCLUSIONS
4 Heads High Speed Professional Paper Cardboard Laser Cutter. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Jaguar Jb-390 Automatic PCB Loader and Unloader) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Square Welded Wire Mesh 1.2m X 30m Galvanized Mesh Roll, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Aluminum Sulfate For Ponds]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Healthy Nonstick Vegetable Oil Cast Iron Dutch Oven/Cast Iron Bakeware BSCI LFGB FDA Approved, M.M.(1994),Sany 20ton Mobile Crane Stc200 100 Ton Mobile Crane.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[14 Gauge Twist Galvanized Black Annealed Steel Wire]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Aerobic Fermentation Organic Fertilizer Agitator]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Gas Calcined Anthracite Carburizing Agent. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[High Quality 10 Inch Carbon Seamless Steel Pipe Schedule 40]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Silver Hammered Round Ball and Natural Stone Necklace. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[LED Backlight Strip 8 Lamp for LG TV 390hvj01 Lnnotek Drt 3.0 39 39lb5610 39lb561V 39lb5800 39lb561f Drt3.0 39lb5700 39L]
Heidemann, E.(1997),OEM Box Sealing High Bonding Crystal Super Clear BOPP Packing Tape.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Hydraulic Steel Sheet Press Brake Bending Machine]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Hot Sale AlNiCo Cow Stomach Magnets China Manufacturer]
10inch Schedule 40 Carbon Steel ERW Pipe Casing for Water/Well with Black Painting, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),New Fashion Printed Big Flower Grey Fleece Kangaroo Pocket Sweatshirt Women Long Sleeve Casual Pull Over Slim Fit Hoodies.12 Teeth Green Painting Steel Rake. USP/SP[Stainless Steel Mustard Oil Filter Vacuum Cooking Oil Filter Machine]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Shrink Sleeves Labels for Packaging Labeling]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Car Parking or Access Control 2.4 GHz Active RFID Card: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Stainless Steel Art-Screen for Lobby]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[1 Inch Flexible Exhaust Pipe]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[3DTALK DS200 Large Printing Size 3D Printer for Dental Hygienist]
Screw Press Dewatering Machine for Handling The Reject From Paper Mill, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),C Type Small Simple Power Press Tools Machine with Foot Pedal Switch of Manufactuer Suppliers and Importer for Sale-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Plastic PVC (vacuum calibration cooling tank haul off cutter stacker) Pipe Extruding Machine]
Screw Press Dewatering Machine for Handling The Reject From Paper Mill,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Venlo Type Agriculture Hydroponic Glass Greenhouse for Vegetables/Flowers/Tomato/Farm/Garden]
Screw Press Dewatering Machine for Handling The Reject From Paper Mill, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:4lz-4.5 Small Tank Kubota Similar Rice Harvester, Part I.High Quality Automatic Snack Food Lab Twin Screw Extruder Price. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Hydraulic Fold-Bend Machine Hydraulic Bending Machine]
Commercial AC Electric Motorized Treadmill 21.5 Touch Screen WiFi HiFi, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),IC LED Wire Loop Height Measuring Microscope.Fan Inside Super Silent Scent Diffuser Machine 120ml Fragrance Oil Aroma Machine Hz-1201, 175-184[Electronic Membrance]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Slotted Round Head Aluminum Self Tapping Screw]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Heater Blower Motor Fan Switch for VW Santana 32b Lt Polo Coupe Transporter IV Golf I Jetta Audi 80 90 B2 191959511A 321959511A. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[24K Gold Rolling Paper Shine Papers Cigarette Paper]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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