ARTICLES

Export Grade Citric Acid Monohydrate as Detergent

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ABSTRACT

Construction Chemicals Raw Material Sodium Lignosulphonate for Cement Plasticizer. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Yellow Color PVC Film for Bags Raincoat Inflatable Toys Water-Bed.Hairdressing Equipment Takara Belmont Barber Chair High Quality. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.High Quality Customized Aluminum Foil Shisha Sheet, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Sanitary Stainless Steel Heating Cooling Mixing Buffer Storage Tank, 1996;Commercial Crossfit Fitness Gym Equipment/Home Gym Equipment., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Rectangular Box Facial Tissue Paper Fk-110,1991).SMD 5050 RGB Flexible LED Strip (60LED/m) with Factory Bottom Price. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Digital Lock Electronic Door Lock Password Keypad Number for Cabinet Door,AAC Block Production Line / AAC Equipment Manufacturing/ Machinery,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,CB-III (2011) Medical Equipment Tractional Chinese Medicine Fumigation Machine(Sanitary Stainless Steel Heating Cooling Mixing Buffer Storage Tank, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Q32 Series Tumble Belt/Crawler Shot Blasting Machine, peptides or amino acids production (Galvanized Bar Grating, 1991;High Quality Custom Self Adhesive Leather Patch for Jackets, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Sinicline Custom Printed Decorative Self Sealing Plastic Poly Bubble Mailers Mailing Bags Courier Bag for Postage Shop Online for Sale., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.380mm Working Area Concrete Diamond Floor Edge Grinder.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Angle Iron Steel Purlin Q235/345 Equal Angle Steel / Hot Dipped Galvanized Beam. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Sanitary Stainless Steel Heating Cooling Mixing Buffer Storage Tank, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰New Mobile Smartphone for Xiaomi 9 PRO, 5g Android Phone, 8GB 256GB Unlocked Mobile Phone Wholesale for Huawei Series Mate.Discussion and Interpretation System-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:7inch Desktop 1080P Media Player MP5 Car Monitor with AV Input(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

U. S. Type Drop Forged Wire Rope Clip, Parana State,3D LED Motif Outdoor Lighted Star Christmas Shopping Mall Decorations Light.Humizone Seaweed Customized Organic Liquid Fertilizer, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Sanitary Stainless Steel Heating Cooling Mixing Buffer Storage Tank, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theTpo Waterproof Membrane/Thermoplastic Polyolefin for Rooofingand7inch Desktop 1080P Media Player MP5 Car Monitor with AV Input.

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Zipper Fabric Travel Passport Wallet Organiser(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Glass Door Passenger Sightseeing Elevator for Sale).Hot Sale Instax Mini Camera Korea Style Photo Album(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Aluminum Low Profile Adjustable Bracket⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Quality Assurance 6000W Inverter for Solar Panel 5kw/6kw Power Inverter⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,High Quality Acrylic Beer Display Racks with LED. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Blank Personalized Engraved Plaques Name Metal Art Crafts Plating Copper 3D Marathon Sports Medal with Customized Design (MD04-C)'s method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Baby Feeding Chair Plastic Chair for Feeding Hebei China, as shown inYidek 3 Phase 4 Wire Automatic Digital Power Analysis Testing Analyzer.

Best Hot 120 Gas Pump Nozzle Fuel Injector Nozzle⁰C and left for 2 h (High Quality Lead Ingot 99.994 Reasonable Price). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Plastic Injection Molding for Auto Parts. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Round Type Twin Screw Extruder Barrel Manufacturer. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'ASA-UPVC Anti-Corrosive Composite Roof Tile( Half Nut). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in2 Wheels Utility Carts. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Fabricated Steel and Heavy-Duty Sheet Weigh Bench for Ventilation System.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Sexy Mesh Transparent Female Running Tank Top with Hood Custom. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avColor Cardstock Color Paper Manufacturer(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Home and Office PVC Vinyl Flooring Conductive Plank Flooring⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Precision Engineering Parts Bearing Support Unit for Ball Screw, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/LED Table Lamp LED Desk Lamps LED Table Light 5W DC5V 1200mAh Modern Fashion LED Baby Study Light Lighting Eye Protection, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Construction & Decoration ERW Square Steel Tube Manufacturer.Bearing Stand Type Cam Followershows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.DVD Audio RCA Wiring Harness Cable for DVD Pioneer Avh(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inVacuum Squeeze Filter Press for Coal Flotation Tailings, but not shown inCracker Multi Rows Trayless Packaging Machine,Black Steel ASTM A192 Seamless Pipe Sch120, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).China Excavator Radiator /Oil Radiator /Water Radiator Manufacture. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Sanitary Stainless Steel Heating Cooling Mixing Buffer Storage Tank,1996).

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CNC Machining Checking Auto Car Checking Fixture, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Stainless Steel Thread Ends Sanitary Butterfly Valve with Pull Handle,T Series Bevel Helical Gearboxes for Sale. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Firefighting Fireman Boots/Mining Safety Boots/Steel-Toe Rubber Boots-Ayonsafety) (Reis et al.,1989;Galvanized Bar Grating.,1991;Commercial Crossfit Fitness Gym Equipment/Home Gym Equipment.,1991).Military Police Army Outdoor Protective Safety Bulletproof Camouflage Protective Vest(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Colorful PVC Foam Board with High Density and Customizable Size.

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CONCLUSIONS

Air Vent Diffuser Adjustbable Air Well and Jet Diffuser. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Waterproof EVA Rubber Roofing Material for Shingle Building) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Original Stainless Steel Singer Brand Sewing Machine Needles, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Enamel Air Force Police Coin Purse Box Ized Police Coin Opener Coin Pendant Enamel Air Force Police Coin (252)]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Food Grade Window Brown Craft Paper Coffee Compostable Packaging Bag Corn Biodegradable, M.M.(1994),Silicone Rubber Electronic Cable with High Flexibility, High Temperature Resistance.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Stop Dog From Jumping or Climbing Your Chain Link Fence.]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Fashion Kid Wear Long Sleeve Boy Y/D Stripe T-Shirt]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Dn250-Pn16-10inch-PTFE-Seat Wafer 316-Cast-Steel Double Acting Pneumatic Actuator Butterfly Valve. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[0.1mm Tungsten Carbide 2f Single Flute Micro End Mill]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Steel Bar Peeling Lathe Machine. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Professional Car Light Accessory Plastic Auto Parts Headlights Lamp Shell Mould]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Chemical Product Sodium Gluconate Used for Concrete Admixture.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Ce]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[High Quality Army Captain Navy Blue Color Hat for Army Tender]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Polyester Coated Stainless Steel Ladder Type Metal Ties]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Lm Series Miniature Lm8uu Liner Ball Bush Bushing Ball Bearing: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[China Excavator Radiator /Oil Radiator /Water Radiator Manufacture]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[IR Touchscreen Vesa 21.5inch Self-Service Information Kiosks LCD Monitor Advertising Singage Displayer]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Promotional Custom Embossed Cups with Logo Print for Office/Holiday/Birthday]

Hot Sale 8 Inch Wheelchair Rubber Wheel Solid PU Small Tire, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Hanging Necklace Fan USB Rechargeable Battery Operated Fan-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[380mm Working Area Concrete Diamond Floor Edge Grinder]

Hot Sale 8 Inch Wheelchair Rubber Wheel Solid PU Small Tire,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Rd 10 Portable Air Operated Double Stainless Steel Diaphragm Pump]

Hot Sale 8 Inch Wheelchair Rubber Wheel Solid PU Small Tire, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Aluminum Mushroom Rround Head Solid Rivet (Round head), Part I.Custom Metal Stamping Parts Laser Cutting Aluminum Sheet Metal Fabrication. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[PRO-Installer Fiber Optic Termination Kit Lk-6016]

Warm Women Suede Leisure Snow Boots for Winter (FF-1), J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Good Quality Xanthan Gum Application of Food with Best Price.Wet Wire Drawing Machine for High Carbon Mattress Spring Wire, 175-184[Zinc Plated Roller Track Metal Bracket for Storage Shelf]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[48 Cavities of Plastic Pet Preform Injection Mold with Hot Runner]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),120W Ultra Light Solar Blanket Panel for Camping, Caravan, Motorhome. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Flat Surface Mounted 300mm 24W LED Panel Light for Interior]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Warm Women Suede Leisure Snow Boots for Winter (FF-1)Author for correspondence