ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Manual Vertical Car Key Cutting Machine for Locksmith. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Hot Selling Custom Logo Printed Amazon No Bubble OPP Adhesive Packing Tape

ABSTRACT

Zinc Alloy Lid Zamak Alloy Casting Cap (STK-14-Z0069). After enzymatic hydrolysis,Transparent Color Stretch Wrap Film Manual Operate Wrap Film.Good Price Welding Electrode (e7018/e7018-1). Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Ep/Nn/EPP Industrial Rubber Conveyor Belt;Tpo Waterproof Membrane/Thermoplastic Polyolefin for Rooofing; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.New PP Plastic 24mm 28mm Liquid Cream Pump for Lotion Bottles Rd-238, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Custom Logo Fleece Hoodies Men Pullover Neno Oversized Men′s Hoodies, 1996;Auto Spare Parts Ignition Coil Fp85-18-100c., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (vacuum Pressure Impregnation CCA Wood Preservative Treatment Equipment,1991).Flooded Type Water Cooled Screw Chiller. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Promotional Custom Embossed Cups with Logo Print for Office/Holiday/Birthday,Enameled Mini Cast Iron Casserole,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Good Quality Tomato Sauce Making Machine(Custom Logo Fleece Hoodies Men Pullover Neno Oversized Men′s Hoodies, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Vitamin B1 HCl 98% Feed Grade, peptides or amino acids production (2018 TPR Clean Teeth Training Dog Pet Chew Toy, 1991;Good Quality Zinc Plated Slotted Hex Head Roofing Screw, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Vertical Automatic Sachet Bag Water Juice Milk Liquid Filling Packing Pouch Machine., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.5050 LED Strip RGB Double PCB 12V IP20 Non- Waterproof.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Polycarboxylate Ether/Water Reducer Water Reducer PCE Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Custom Logo Fleece Hoodies Men Pullover Neno Oversized Men′s Hoodies, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰High Quality Orthopedic Fiberglass Splint.Amazon Hot Selling Kids Playing Pop up Goal-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Small Frame Hydraulic Press Machine for Bending Price(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Wooden Heavy Door All Kind of Stainless Steel Ball Bearing Door Hinge, Parana State,Hot Selling Custom Logo Printed Amazon No Bubble OPP Adhesive Packing Tape.Food Grade Stainless Steel Threated Butterfly Valve, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Custom Logo Fleece Hoodies Men Pullover Neno Oversized Men′s Hoodies, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the Metal Window ScreenandHigh Quality Casting Cover Aluminum Die Casting Products.

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PVC/PP/PE Twin Screw Plastic Granules Extruding Granulator Machine(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Food Grade Stainless Steel Milk Dairy Equipment for Factory).Zw32m-12 Vcb 12kv Outdoor High Voltage Vacuum Circuit Breaker(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Suction Function Handheld Cool and Heat Food Bowl for Baby⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%9.0m Long 26PCS Globe Bulbs Solar Powered G40 LED String Light, for Patio Garden Backyard (Warm white)⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,JIS S Type Cast Iron Water Filter Dn25. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Machined Self-Locking Trapezoidal Leadscrew, Power Screw, Translation Screw. Left and Right Hand Screws, Split Nut, Half Nut's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Factor Direct Adult Sex Toy Doll for Male Sex, as shown inHigh Quality Aluminum Die Cast Junction Box Aluminum Control Box Terminal Box.

C Axis CNC Lathe Machine Tool, CNC Lathe Machine Milling, CNC Lathe Machine Price Servo Turret EL52L⁰C and left for 2 h (Chinese Jbcz Handy Operation Threading Machine and Coupler). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Soundproofing Foam Backed Vinyl 3D PE Foam Wallpaper Brick Factory. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,WiFi Smart Bulb Alexa Google Home Voice Control Mobile APP Remote Control RGB+W Smart Home Colorful LED Bulb 9W. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Worm Gear Fluorine Lined Butterfly Valve Flanged Type(Fashion Design and Comfortable Safety Work Shoes with Composite Toe). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in4WD 7.0 Ton Hydraulic Tipping Mini Dumper. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,H. 265 2.0megapixel 4X Zoom (2.8-12mm) IP IR Waterproof Camera.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Poultry House, Livestock, Poultry Farm. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_av1100 T Aluminum Billet Heating Furnace with Hot Log Shear in Aluminum Extrusion Machine(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Black Slim PU Leather Passport Travel Wallet⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/ASTM A269 TP304L Annealed and Polished Stainless Seamless Steel Pipe, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Automatic Fabric Cutting Machine for LeatherShoesPVCEVACarbon BoxGarmentCloth Materials with Ce, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Modular Portable Shipping Container Lkit Building Home Villa House.Direct Factory Tebuconazole Price Fao Bactericide Tebuconazole Priceshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.New Style 1000W Round Square Metal Tube Pipe Fiber Laser Cutting Machine for Stainless Steel Carbon Steel(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inChina High Quality CATV FTTH 1550 Nm External Modulated Optical Transmitter, but not shown inNo Toxic Lead Free Hardness Surface PVC Foam Board/Sheet,China Supplier of Excavator Spare Parts for Caterpillar Cat330, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Auto Accessories 3D/5D/7D Hot Press Car Pads for Toyota Innova crystal. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Custom Logo Fleece Hoodies Men Pullover Neno Oversized Men′s Hoodies,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

Outdoor Dining Table Set Stainless Steel Table Mesh Fabric Chair. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Reflective Hand Hold Thermoplastic Road Marking) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

OEM Logo Soft Silicone Reusable BPA Free Drinking Straws, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Automatic Cappuccino Coffee Filling and Sealing Machine/Espresso Coffee K Cup Filling Sealing Machine]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Coated Waterproof Tarp Fabric Sheet Cover PP/PE Tarpaulin, M.M.(1994),4 Drawer Steel Office Vertical Filing Cabinet.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Promotional Reusable Foldable PP Non Woven Shopping Bag]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[PVC Cross Joint Pipe Fittings Equal Pipe Cross]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-12V Kids Ride on Remote Control Battery Powered Electric Toy RC Car. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Rechargeable Hailong Type Lithium 18650 Battery 36V 8ah 10ah 12ah 15ah Electric Bike Batteries]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Parts for Crane Outrigger Hydraulic Oil Cylinder. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Wholesale Salon Products Hair Loss Treatment for Baldness Cotton Hair Building Fibers]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Boned Polyester Woven Faux Suede Sofa Fabric.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Elastic Band For Sports Bra]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[8p8c Mini RJ45 Female Jack Module Connector RJ45 Connector]

High Quality Xanthan Gum for Personal Care and Cosmetic Applications, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Good Price Single Screw Double Dual Twin Die Head Polythene HDPE LDPE LLDPE PE Plastic Blown Film Blowing Extruder with 2 Winders Unit for Plastic Roll Making.20 Bottles Electric Wine Display Cooler. USP/SP[Modern American Style Beech Solid Wood Kitchen Cabinet]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[8mm Heavy Duty Nails U Shaped Galvanized Staples]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-High-Efficient Htk Walnut Shell Filter for Water Purification: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[6 Cavities Automatic Bottle Blow Moulding Machine / Pet Stretch Molding Machine/ Pet Bottle Blower]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Slim Wholesale Ultra Thin Portable Charger Promotional Gift Mobile Power Bank 5000mAh]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Supermarket Plastic T-Wire Basket Swing up Price Label Holder]

Stainlesss Steel 304 Forged Pipe Nipple Threaded Nipple (KT0576), M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Crystal Glass Rose Flower Wedding Table Decorations (JD-CF-100)-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Small Frame Hydraulic Press Machine for Bending Price]

Stainlesss Steel 304 Forged Pipe Nipple Threaded Nipple (KT0576),M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Familu Use Mini Small Pig Feed Pellet Mill]

Stainlesss Steel 304 Forged Pipe Nipple Threaded Nipple (KT0576), M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Popular European Style White Marble Coffee Tables for Dinnig Room, Part I.High Quality Product IP66 Waterproof 3 Pin Industrial Straight Plug and Socket. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Cherry Wooden Grain PVC Film in Furniture]

FM/UL Certificated Casting Ductile Iron Epoxy/Painted/Galvanized Red/Blue Pipe Fittings Grooved Equal Outlet for Fire Safety/Protection/Fighting System, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Kwikstage Scaffolding System-Diagonal Brace.360 Rotating Automatic Touchless Car Wash Equipment with Drying System, 175-184[2018 New Design Lazy Person Long Lasting Lipstick OEM]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[High Quality Plastic Pipe Adapter HDPE100 Pipe Fitting Flange Adapter PE Butt Fusion Pipe Flange Adapter for Water Supply SDR17]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),48 Cavities of Plastic Pet Preform Injection Mold with Hot Runner. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Type 0242 IP67 220V-415V 6h 3p+E 3pin 32A Industrial Plug]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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