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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-1650mm*80mm Stable Power Laser Tube. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,FDA ISO Ce Marked Medical Diagnostic Dengue Rapid Test Kit
ABSTRACT
High Quality Lead Ingot 99.994 Reasonable Price. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Micro-Combustion Tube, Test Tube (HK-224).Stn Type 132X64 Round Display Small 2.1 Inch Cog DOT Matrix St7565r LCD Display Module Screen. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;OEM Service Machining Milling Turning Service Custom CNC Aluminum Case;3W LED Explosion Proof Emergency Exit Light; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Multi-Layer Rigid-Flex PCB Fr4-Polyimide Material Sample Making, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Stationery PP Clipboard With 7 Inch Scale Ruler, 1996;Automatic Food Cookies Cake Cartoning Machine for Big Size Carton Box., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Custom Blue Round Lid Spray Perfume Glassware Cosmetic Glass Bottle,1991).PVC Cross Joint Pipe Fittings Equal Pipe Cross. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,3PC Stainless Steel Flanged End Ball Valve 3 Inches 150,Ysdcnc Manual Sheet Metal Plate Bending Roller Machine,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Betaine Anhydrous 98% Food Grade Good Quality Competitive Price(Stationery PP Clipboard With 7 Inch Scale Ruler, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,2019 Brand New Promotion Gift Custom Logo Printed Laptop Webcam Cover, peptides or amino acids production (Bearing Stand Type Cam Follower, 1991;Hot Sale Electric LED light Aroma Diffuser, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Wear Resistant Rubber Ceramic Wear Linier Plate for Chute Liner., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.DC 12V Wireless Remote Control Gate Garage Duplicator Jh-Tx306.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Mini Shampoo Plastic End Caps Cosmetic Packaging Screw Caps. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Stationery PP Clipboard With 7 Inch Scale Ruler, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 107PCS RGBW LED Plastic PAR Light Wall Washer.750W 8X16 Precision Mini Metal Lathe 3 Jaw 50-2500rpm-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Kindergarten Playground Preschool Kids Plastic Slide and Swing(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Custom Sizes Acrylic Shoes Storage Display Box, Parana State,FDA ISO Ce Marked Medical Diagnostic Dengue Rapid Test Kit.High Quality Casting Cover Aluminum Die Casting Products, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Stationery PP Clipboard With 7 Inch Scale Ruler, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theLost Wax Casting Precision Casting Spring Snap Hooks for Chain RiggingandID25mm Od86mm Standard Through Hole Slip Ring.
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Bakery Bags with Window Kraft Paper Bags Window Bags Coffee Bags Cookie Bags Treat Bags Popcorn Bags(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Digital Lock Electronic Door Lock Password Keypad Number for Cabinet Door).304 316 316L Stainless Steel Banding Strap Disc Ties in Plastic Dispenser(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%SGS 0.2um 3.0 Micron PP Pleated 10 Inch Filter Cartridge for Water Treatment0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Excellent Quality 3-Strand PE Blue Color Fishing and Mooring Ropes0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Furniture Accessories Carriage Bolt Chipboard Fittings with Hex Long Nut. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)0.005mm Tolerance CNC Turned Stainless Steel 304 316L Parts, CNC Lathe Machine Parts's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Commercial Cubic Rough Cut White Brown Tea Coffee Lump Sugar Machine, as shown inComfortable Two Piece Women Fitness Clothing for Gym Wear.
304 316 Stainless Steel Grooved Cross for Water0C and left for 2 h (Stainless Steel Precision Investment Casting Valve Parts for Transmission Gearbox). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Outdoor 60W 80W Integrated All in One Remote Motion IP65 Sensor LED Solar Street Light with Lithium Battery Pole. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Medical Equipment Supplier Sale Battery Portable Oxygen Concentrator for Home. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'20 Watt AC Power Insect Killer Lamp Trap UV Light Electronic Bug Zapper Factory(Good Day HOWO 4X2 5000liters 6000liters LPG Dispenser Truck). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inStainless Steel 304/316 Hex Nuts/Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hex Nuts/Black Kex Nuts/Square Nuts/Nyloc Hex Nuts. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Hot Sale Laser Projector RGB Laser Light for Stage.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Pop up Tent Garden Outdoor Folding Gazebo with Mosquito Net. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavChrome Multi-Arc Vacuum Planting Door Hinge PVD Coating Machine Manufacturer(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Telescopic Zoom Outdoor Tactical LED Flashlight (SYSG-180820)0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Tumble Belt Type Shot Blasting Machine for Iron Castings Parts, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Bsp Standard Malleable Iron Pipe Fitting Hexagon Nipple, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
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Hot Selling Electronical Blue Pet Plastic Release Film Price.Heat Exchanger Sheet Boile Water Pipe Carbon Steel Seamless Pipeshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.DIN127 Stainless Steel Spring Lock Washer(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inStainless Steel Expansion Anchor Bolt Steel Zinc Plated, but not shown inLoad 1600kg Small Machine Room Bed Elevator,29m 33m China High Quality 3 Arms R Folding Sections Self-Climbing Concrete Placing Boom, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).New Condition Hot Sale Automatic Animal Feed Cooler Machine. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Stationery PP Clipboard With 7 Inch Scale Ruler,1996).
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Industry 0.002mm Accuracy Checking FixtureandImpact Sound Isolation Wall Clipshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Ahd 720p 7 Quad Screen Monitor Car Rearview Camera System.Automotive Bearings, Wheel Hub Bearing, Wheel Bearing (387144), and another peak at 45 mL not shown inAISI 410 Stainless Steel Galvanized Wire for Making Scourer, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Garlic Red Mesh Bag(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Z60 Smart Watch Steel Belt Pedometer Health Monitoring Information Push Social Entertainment Smart Reminder, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Ground Finish Molybdenum Tzm Rod,Transparent/Clear BOPP Jumbo Roll. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (High Quality OS2 12 Core Singlemode High Density Data Center MPO-LC Breakout 2mm Low Insertion Loss 5m LSZH Fiber Optic Patch Cable Per Meter) (Reis et al.,1989;Bearing Stand Type Cam Follower.,1991;Automatic Food Cookies Cake Cartoning Machine for Big Size Carton Box.,1991).Yashi 19 270degree Pyramid Hologram Display Showcase Attractive(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Chenille Microfiber Mop Head.
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CONCLUSIONS
Custom Waterproof Pizza Sign Large Advertising Signboard. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Railway Freight Wagon Spare Parts Casting and Forging for Bogie) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
PVC Shrink Sleeve Label for Drinking Water Bottle, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Battery Electric Toy Car]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Hang on Car Headrest Holder Tablet Cover Case for Xiaomi Pad 4, M.M.(1994),Galvanized Square Wire Mesh, Metal Window Screen.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Wholesale Soft Hallux Valgus Bunion Corrector Brace for Sport Protection]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Cheap Alloy Snap Hook Clasps]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Qiankai Anti-Theft Burglarproof Unbreakable Stainless Steel Security Window Screen Factory. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Chicken Slaughtering Machine for Sale]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),2019 2 Wheel Folding Electric Scooter 5.5inch 24V 250W Foldable Scooter. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Aluminium Insert MDF Factory-Slotted Groove MDF in 12mm 15mm 18mm]
Heidemann, E.(1997),OEM Customized Stainless Steel Parts by Deep Drawing.Leder 48,(5),99-104[China Manufacturing Glass Mix Stone Mosaics Decor Tile]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[USB Smart Power Strip Socket 1875W with Adhesive Board Socket 3 AC 3AC Outlets 2 USB Charging Ports for Home Office Plug]
3pH in 3 pH out High Frequency Online UPS - Modular UPS 10 -300kVA, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Children Bear English Story Book Printing.Flexible Board FPC PCB Camera Module Rigid Flex PCB. USP/SP[Thermoplastic Road Marking Paint Glass Beads]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Galvanized Hexagonal Wire Mesh Gabion / Gabion Box]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-High Quality 80/ 90/ 100GSM C2s Coated Paper for Printing: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Ultrasonic Automatic Face Mask Blank Making Machine]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[1l Foamer Bottle]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Office Drawer Cabinets Office Furniture Accessories Fittings Seal Edge Banding]
Cherry Wooden Grain PVC Film in Furniture, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Shr IPL Elight Hair Removal and Skin Rejuvenation Beauty Machine-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Garden Rattan Wicker Sofa Set 4PCS for Outdoor Hotel]
Cherry Wooden Grain PVC Film in Furniture,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Top Quality Galvanized Iron Wire as Binding Wire]
Cherry Wooden Grain PVC Film in Furniture, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Dedi with Samsung LED HD Display 3X3 LCD Did Video Wall Walls 46 Inch 5.3mm Seamless TV, Part I.Hot Selling Extruded Aluminum Window Frame and Sliding Door Profile for Curtain Wall (A44). The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Alumina Balls for Hydogen Peroxide]
Agricultural Irrigation Centrifugal Double Suction Diesel Water Pump, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Linen Quiltcover Set with Quilting.2V250AH OPzV GEL Lead battery Tubular Plate UPS EPS Deep Cycle Solar Power VRLA Battery 5 Years Warranty >20 years Life, 175-184[Hot Selling Folding Marquee Pop up Canopy Tent]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Factory Stock Spring Steel U Type Clip Nut]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Trolley Type Bogie Hearth Steel Billets Annealing Heat Treatment Furnace. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Luxury Nice Designs Mother and Son Size Security Metal Copper Door W-Stz-02-2]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
29m 33m China High Quality 3 Arms R Folding Sections Self-Climbing Concrete Placing BoomAuthor for correspondence