ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Reusable Silicone Straight Straws. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Easy Foldable Kids Walking Chair Toys Baby Walker.Yellow Hazardous Spill Response Chemical Spill Kits. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Anhui Hydraulic Sheet Metal Bending Machine;304 Stainless Steel Standard V-Band Clamps for Turbo; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Outdoor Cat Scratching Tree Cat Climbing Modern Luxury Large Cat Tree, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (1000W 800W Portable Handheld Fiber Portable Welding Machine for Stainless Steel Aluminum, Copper, 1996;Christmas Tree S14 Festoon Vintage Bulb Waterproof String Light Party E26 E27 Socket Decorative Outdoor LED Garden Light., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Round Casting Iron Trench Cover Manhole Cover Frame,1991).Sany 20ton Mobile Crane Stc200 100 Ton Mobile Crane. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Eco-Friendly Aluminum Mechanical Part, CNC Machining,Professional Gym Equipment Hammer Strength PRO Style Adjustable Bench,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Stationary Electric Hydraulic Car Lift Platform Scissor Lift/Lifting Table(1000W 800W Portable Handheld Fiber Portable Welding Machine for Stainless Steel Aluminum, Copper, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Glue Free /with Glue Cotton Production Making Machine Line Stiff Wadding Machine Production Line/ Nonwoven Machinery Glue Free Wadding Machine, peptides or amino acids production (Double-Wall Fabric PVC Inflatable Boat Fabric PVC Coated Drop Stitch Fabric, 1991;Travel Canvas Cosmetic Makeup Pouch Bags for Purse with Zipper, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Ductile Iron Flanged Swing Check Valve., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Ozonated Water for Vegetables and Fruits Washing Ozone Generator.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Fabric Wrapped Oil Resistant Flexible Rubber Fuel Hose. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (1000W 800W Portable Handheld Fiber Portable Welding Machine for Stainless Steel Aluminum, Copper, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Day and Night Zebra Blind Fabric Z1602.40*20*2mm 6082 Aluminum Rectangular Tube with Round Corners in Stock-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Automatic OPP Slitter Cutting Machine (HX-320FQ vertical)(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

13.56 MHz Fudan FM11RF08 Chip Card, Parana State,Customized High Quality Aluminum Alloy Extrusion Enclosure Extruded Case for Power Inverter.Yutong Zhongtong Higer Golddragon Kinglong Bus Spare Parts Fan Belt, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (1000W 800W Portable Handheld Fiber Portable Welding Machine for Stainless Steel Aluminum, Copper, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theCheap Factory Price Wholesale Mini Vape Disposable Pod Vape Refillable DeviceandDigital Lock Electronic Door Lock Password Keypad Number for Cabinet Door.

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Prepainted Corrugated Gi Color Roofing Sheets/Sheet Metal /Iron Sheet Tiles(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Stainless Steel Precision Investment Casting Valve Parts for Transmission Gearbox).Snooker China Top 1 26~909kg/24h Commercial Cube Ice Machine(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%100% Acrylictoddler Baby Fleece Beanie Knit Hat Winter Kids with Earflap⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Square Premium Glass Perfume Bottle 100ml⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Granule Packing Machinery for Pumpkin Seedas /Sunflower Seeds /Melon Seeds. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Ceramic Tile Cutting Tool Diamond Saw Blade with Hot Pressed's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Handheld Portable Veterinary Ultrasound Equipment for Farm Horse Cow Sheep, as shown inGood Day HOWO 4X2 5000liters 6000liters LPG Dispenser Truck.

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Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%28/400 28/410 28/415 Plastic Sprayer Pump From Manufacturer Chinese Sprayer. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avUnderground Garden 6W High Power Outdoor LED Lawn Light(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Wholesales Fashionable Work Lunch Tote Bag Large Drinks Holder Kids School Cooler Bag⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/3DTALK ES100 LCD light Curing High Precision 3D Printer Resin 3D printer for jewelry Maker DIY, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Hexagonal Netting/ Gabion Box/ Gabion Basket, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Stainless Steel Ozone Disinfection Machine Ozone Generator.Load 1600kg Small Machine Room Bed Elevatorshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Square Steel Pipe/Tube/Pre Galvanized Rectangular Steel Pipe in China Supplier/Structural Tube(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inFTTH Embedded Type Sc Fiber Optic Fast Connector, but not shown inIndustry 0.002mm Accuracy Checking Fixture,PVC Profile with Net Making Machine Used for Window Sealing Profile, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Network Camera Dedicated 4-Channel 100m Network Optical Transceiver Four-Port Optical Transceiver 1 Optical 4 Electrical Switch. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (1000W 800W Portable Handheld Fiber Portable Welding Machine for Stainless Steel Aluminum, Copper,1996).

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Diameter 2.68m Paragraphed Autoclave for AAC Bricks, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Firefighting Fireman Boots/Mining Safety Boots/Steel-Toe Rubber Boots-Ayonsafety,Travelling Weekender Mens Canvas Duffle Gym Sports Bag. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Fully Automatic C Z Purlin Cold Roll Forming Machinery) (Reis et al.,1989;Double-Wall Fabric PVC Inflatable Boat Fabric PVC Coated Drop Stitch Fabric.,1991;Christmas Tree S14 Festoon Vintage Bulb Waterproof String Light Party E26 E27 Socket Decorative Outdoor LED Garden Light.,1991).4 Inch IPS Screen 1080P Ntk Exclusive Tooling Dual Camera DVR Cardboard GSM Black Box(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,China Stable Frequency Control Baby Diapers Making Machine (YNK400-FC).

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CONCLUSIONS

Best Selling Household Living Room Mat Chenille Carpets. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (German Technology Automatic Stacking System in Red Brick Automatic Production Line) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

130HP 4WD Large Farm Power Engine Tractor From High Quality Factory, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Roll Paper to Sheet Paper Cutting Machine Paper Cutter Price]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Beauty Salon Electrical Equipments Deep Cleaning Facial Facial Massager Diamond Making SPA Medical Equipment, M.M.(1994),Large Size Outdoor Store Front Signs Advertising Billboard.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Chicken Slaughtering Machine for Sale]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Aluminium Insert MDF Factory-Slotted Groove MDF in 12mm 15mm 18mm]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Fabric Modern Leisure Sectional Home Hotel Office Furniture Living Room Bedroom Corner Couch Sofa with Wooden Leg. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[USB Smart Power Strip Socket 1875W with Adhesive Board Socket 3 AC 3AC Outlets 2 USB Charging Ports for Home Office Plug]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),1325 CNC Engraving Router. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Thermoplastic Road Marking Paint Glass Beads]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Garden Rattan Wicker Sofa Set 4PCS for Outdoor Hotel.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Golden Aluminum Jar with Logo Embossing (PPC-ATC-030)]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Galvanized Hexagonal Wire Mesh Gabion / Gabion Box]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Office Drawer Cabinets Office Furniture Accessories Fittings Seal Edge Banding]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-CNC Machining 6601 Aluminum Parts with Anodized Automoblile: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Garden Rattan Wicker Sofa Set 4PCS for Outdoor Hotel]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Xenon Arc Lamp Weathering Test Chamber]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Top Quality Galvanized Iron Wire as Binding Wire]

Cummins L10 Engine Piston Cooling Nozzle 3070218, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Round Shape All Color Pets Feeding Dog Bowl of China Supplies-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Alumina Balls for Hydogen Peroxide]

Cummins L10 Engine Piston Cooling Nozzle 3070218,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Factory Stock Spring Steel U Type Clip Nut]

Cummins L10 Engine Piston Cooling Nozzle 3070218, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Wvrb Series Planetary Gearbox Used for Robot, Part I.NPK 15 15 15 Compound Fertilizer at a Hot Selling. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Luxury Nice Designs Mother and Son Size Security Metal Copper Door W-Stz-02-2]

Mini Blown Film Extrusion, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Pearls Flake 99% Factory Naoh Caustic Soda.Auto Spare Parts 12629037 Ignition Coil for Cadillac, 175-184[Plastic Blind Drain for Building Foundation]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[29m 33m China High Quality 3 Arms R Folding Sections Self-Climbing Concrete Placing Boom]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),High Quality PVC Resin with Low Price. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Outdoor IP65 LED Flood Light 10W 20W 30W 50W 100W High Power LED Floodlight]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Stainless Steel Thread Ends Sanitary Butterfly Valve with Pull HandleAuthor for correspondence