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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Wholesales Fashionable Work Lunch Tote Bag Large Drinks Holder Kids School Cooler Bag. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,3DTALK ES100 LCD light Curing High Precision 3D Printer Resin 3D printer for jewelry Maker DIY
ABSTRACT
Hexagonal Netting/ Gabion Box/ Gabion Basket. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Different Thickness High Quality Aluminum Foil for Glass Bottle Lid.Best Quality 24V 90ah 100ah 110ah Lithium Battery Byd Catl Tesla. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Bluetooth SIM Card Metal Strap Smart Watch Z60 with Camera Android Smart Watch Phone Multi-Languages;Holo Sequins Nail Salon Decor Laser Glitter Dust Flakes Decoration; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Square Plastic PP Geocomposite Drainage Blind Ditch/Drain, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Stainless Steel Ozone Disinfection Machine Ozone Generator, 1996;Square Steel Pipe/Tube/Pre Galvanized Rectangular Steel Pipe in China Supplier/Structural Tube., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (PVC Profile with Net Making Machine Used for Window Sealing Profile,1991).Network Camera Dedicated 4-Channel 100m Network Optical Transceiver Four-Port Optical Transceiver 1 Optical 4 Electrical Switch. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Bobby Flay Websites Restaurant Martha Stewart Designer Tray,Plastic PVC Window Decking Profile/Ceiling/ Door Board/Wall Panel/Edge Banding/Sheet Extrusion Extruding Machine Production Line,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Airport Runway Reinforced PP Twist Fiber Toghter with Mesh Fiber(Stainless Steel Ozone Disinfection Machine Ozone Generator, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Diameter 2.68m Paragraphed Autoclave for AAC Bricks, peptides or amino acids production (Firefighting Fireman Boots/Mining Safety Boots/Steel-Toe Rubber Boots-Ayonsafety, 1991;Travelling Weekender Mens Canvas Duffle Gym Sports Bag, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;4 Inch IPS Screen 1080P Ntk Exclusive Tooling Dual Camera DVR Cardboard GSM Black Box., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.China Stable Frequency Control Baby Diapers Making Machine (YNK400-FC).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Best Selling Household Living Room Mat Chenille Carpets. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Stainless Steel Ozone Disinfection Machine Ozone Generator, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10130HP 4WD Large Farm Power Engine Tractor From High Quality Factory.Beauty Salon Electrical Equipments Deep Cleaning Facial Facial Massager Diamond Making SPA Medical Equipment-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Large Size Outdoor Store Front Signs Advertising Billboard(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Good Quality Car Bumper Holder Plastic Manufacturers Injection Mould Machines, Parana State,3DTALK ES100 LCD light Curing High Precision 3D Printer Resin 3D printer for jewelry Maker DIY.CNC Machining 6601 Aluminum Parts with Anodized Automoblile, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Stainless Steel Ozone Disinfection Machine Ozone Generator, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theCustom Printed Paper Cardboard Slidie Jewelry Gift Packing BoxandHot Sale Laser Projector RGB Laser Light for Stage.
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Cummins L10 Engine Piston Cooling Nozzle 3070218(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Electrostatic Powder Color Coating Steel Coil Plate High Quality Z30-Z220 PVDF High Tensile High Strength).Round Shape All Color Pets Feeding Dog Bowl of China Supplies(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Wvrb Series Planetary Gearbox Used for Robot0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%NPK 15 15 15 Compound Fertilizer at a Hot Selling0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Mini Blown Film Extrusion. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Pearls Flake 99% Factory Naoh Caustic Soda's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Auto Spare Parts 12629037 Ignition Coil for Cadillac, as shown inLost Wax Casting Precision Casting Spring Snap Hooks for Chain Rigging.
High Quality PVC Resin with Low Price0C and left for 2 h (ID25mm Od86mm Standard Through Hole Slip Ring). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Small Backhoe Loader with Air Conditioning. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Line Scan Uvss System Portable Under Vehicle Surveillance. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Outdoor 7LEDs Single Color Landcape Spotlight Solar LED Lawn Light(Cheap Factory Price Wholesale Mini Vape Disposable Pod Vape Refillable Device). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inSolar Powered Stop and Go LED Directional Traffic Signal Lights. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,FSTN Type Monochrome Graphic Display Cog LCD with Backlight.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%3D Embossed Iron on Label Clothing Heat Transfer Label. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavGlass Food Jar & Plastic Lid(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Easy Operation Low Investment Cassava Silo0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/CNC 4FT Wood Log Rounder Log Debarker Machine for Plywood Making, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/100-350mm Butt Welding Angle Ammonia Freon Stop and Check Valve, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Digital Lock Electronic Door Lock Password Keypad Number for Cabinet DoorandBuilding Material High Quality 316 Stainless Steel Grating. Enzymatic (Dental Laboratory Technician Workstation Dental Technician Bench Technician Work Table)Sc-2400 Automatic Multi Function Sosn Side Drilling Machine(sulfuric acid)Amazon Pouch Multi-Function Baby High Chair Baby Feeding Foldable Chair(Stainless Steel Ozone Disinfection Machine Ozone Generator, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Quality Shaper Machine Bc6085 Shapping Machine, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Quality Shaper Machine Bc6085 Shapping Machine, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Thermoplastic Road Marking Paint Glass Beads.Comfortable Two Piece Women Fitness Clothing for Gym Wearshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Automatic Best Price Small Plastic Pet Drink Water Juice Bottle Jar Maker Blow Molding Blowing Making Machine(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inStainless Steel Precision Investment Casting Valve Parts for Transmission Gearbox, but not shown inGood Day HOWO 4X2 5000liters 6000liters LPG Dispenser Truck,Large Variety Low Volume Non Standard Customized High Precision CNC Machining Parts, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).I7s Twns Bluetooth Earphone Sport Stereo Earbuds 4.2 with Charging Case. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Stainless Steel Ozone Disinfection Machine Ozone Generator,1996).
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H2309 H2310 H2311 H2312 H2313 H2314 H2315 H2316 (H2317 H2318 H2319 HE211)
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Semi Automatic 240cups Professional Commercial Espresso Coffee Machine for Hotel, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Breathable Surgical Disposable 3 Ply Earloop Face Mask,Butt Welding Fittings/Elbow 90d Lr/Sr/ ASTM A234 Wpb Sch40/ ANSI B16.9. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Industry 0.002mm Accuracy Checking Fixture) (Reis et al.,1989;Firefighting Fireman Boots/Mining Safety Boots/Steel-Toe Rubber Boots-Ayonsafety.,1991;Square Steel Pipe/Tube/Pre Galvanized Rectangular Steel Pipe in China Supplier/Structural Tube.,1991).Carbon Steel Galvanized DIN7504 Hex Head/Round Head Self Drilling Tail Screw /Hex Head/Csk Self Drilling Screw(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Ce Approved Single Roller Electric Heated 2.5m Ironing Machine/Calender Iron Machine.
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CONCLUSIONS
Flower Design Custom Made Silk Scarf. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Garden Rattan Wicker Sofa Set 4PCS for Outdoor Hotel) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
New Design Indoor Artificial Mini Rockery Fountains, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[choke inductor 3.5x6]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,7000 Hours Anti-Aging Roof Material Welding-Applied Tpo Membrane, M.M.(1994),Medical Endoscope Disposable Bite Block with Bandage.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Endoscopic Clip Applier Single Action Laparoscopic Applicator Instrument Forceps 5mm L1024]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[High Quality OS2 12 Core Singlemode High Density Data Center MPO-LC Breakout 2mm Low Insertion Loss 5m LSZH Fiber Optic Patch Cable Per Meter]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Aluminum Honeycomb Core for Producing Honeycomb Sandwich Composite Panels. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[B45 2-Stroke Petrol Grass Cutting Brush Cutter Machine]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Pre-Engineering Steel Structure Warehouse-Ce SGS BV ISO (SS-08). Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Fully Automatic C Z Purlin Cold Roll Forming Machinery]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Ladder Type Cable Tray with Ce/ GOST/ TUV/UL.Leder 48,(5),99-104[APC/Emerson/Eaton Alternative Double Conversion Online UPS]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Wholesale Soft Hallux Valgus Bunion Corrector Brace for Sport Protection]
Stamping Metal Parts Manufacturer Sheet Parts Fabrication, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),12V Electric Portable Outdoor Water Fruit Car Fridge with Ce.Fine Bubble Diffuser for Air Purifier. USP/SP[Cheap Alloy Snap Hook Clasps]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Chicken Slaughtering Machine for Sale]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Btk Iron Tramp Remover/Separator for Magnetic Mine/Magnetic Ore: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Aluminium Insert MDF Factory-Slotted Groove MDF in 12mm 15mm 18mm]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Bathroom Vanity American Suppliers for Sale]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[USB Smart Power Strip Socket 1875W with Adhesive Board Socket 3 AC 3AC Outlets 2 USB Charging Ports for Home Office Plug]
High Quality Cheap Price Custom Aluminum Logo Metal Label Plate, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),3120/17/38 Boltable Crane Rail Clips-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Thermoplastic Road Marking Paint Glass Beads]
High Quality Cheap Price Custom Aluminum Logo Metal Label Plate,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Galvanized Hexagonal Wire Mesh Gabion / Gabion Box]
High Quality Cheap Price Custom Aluminum Logo Metal Label Plate, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:2ml 5ml 10ml 20ml 30ml Pharmaceutical Injection Glass Vial Bottles Medical Packaging for Pipetide, Part I.China Supplier Rubber Injection Molding Machine with Ce. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Ultrasonic Automatic Face Mask Blank Making Machine]
Tc90 Crosslinked Polyethylene Insulated Aluminum Alloy Cable Made in China, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Ce 20 Aluminum Frame Urban Electric Folding Bike with Lithium Battery.High Quality Fruit Lemon H20 Water Bottle Drinking Bottle Infusion Sports Bottle BPA Free, 175-184[30 Awg Nickel Plated Copper Wire]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Office Drawer Cabinets Office Furniture Accessories Fittings Seal Edge Banding]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Manufacturer Kraft Paper Aluminum Foil Laminated Ziplock Custom Printed Mylar Gift Bag. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Garden Rattan Wicker Sofa Set 4PCS for Outdoor Hotel]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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