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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-BS 5163 Ductile Iron Rising Stem Gate Valve. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,CNC Aluminum Sheet Press Brake

ABSTRACT

ID25mm Od86mm Standard Through Hole Slip Ring. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Rigid Click Plank PVC Spc Vinyl Flooring Plank with IXPE Padding.Bio Media. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Wood Sawdust Powder Gas Flow Dryer Sawdust Drying Machine;Platform Trolley with 150kg Capacity, 4 Castor Wheel; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Paper Pulp Egg Tray Machine Fruit/ Egg Tray Plate Carton Box Making Forming Packaging Producing Manufacturing Production Machine, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (LiFePO4 Battery/ Nmc Battery for Electric Bike 36V 48V, 1996;All Size Colored Tapping Hex Head Self Drill Screw Wood Screw., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Pre-Engineered Cage Broiler Poultry Farm Building,1991).Alumina Ball with High Quality. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,PVC Textile Fabric for Outdoor Sports Waterproof Backpack,White 4*8FT 18mm PVC Foam Board for Cabinets Use,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Cationic 400d Jacquard Polyester Oxford Sofa Fabric with PU Coating(LiFePO4 Battery/ Nmc Battery for Electric Bike 36V 48V, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Transparency Chandelier Glass Crystals Lamp Hanging Drops Pendants, peptides or amino acids production (Powerful Anti-Stress, Strong Flexibility Spoke Wire, 1991;Modern American Style Beech Solid Wood Kitchen Cabinet, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Hero Brand Polypropylene Bags Machine., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.CNC Machining Metal/Aluminum/Brass Auto Parts.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Surprise! Range Hood Free! ! ! Juice Cart. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (LiFePO4 Battery/ Nmc Battery for Electric Bike 36V 48V, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Chicken Layer Cage Poultry Cage Chicken Cages.316L Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Coil 316L Inox-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Delphi 2 Pin Male and Connector Custom Harness, Wire Diameter 18AWG(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Sports Gym Folding Travel Large-Capacity Yoga Duffel Garment Fitness Bag, Parana State,CNC Aluminum Sheet Press Brake.Peristaltic Pump with Connecting The High Speed Tubular Separator, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (LiFePO4 Battery/ Nmc Battery for Electric Bike 36V 48V, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theHigh Quality 500m 100lb Super Strong Braided Fishing LineandChina High Quality and Cheapest Price 15W 18W 20W 6′′ LED Down Light.

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3.7kw Air Compressor Parts Oil Free Scroll Compressor Heads⁰C and left for 2 h (White 4*8FT 18mm PVC Foam Board for Cabinets Use). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Gyc 2000L 100L Alcohol Liquor and Spirits Distilling Plant. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,High Qlty Sequin Fabric Fancy Peacock Green Polyester Mesh 157. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'12ml Round Shape Empty Clear Nail Polish Glass Bottle(Continual Shearing Machine Rtorary Cutting Machine Shear Aluminum Coil). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inChina Tyre. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,M4X10 Round Head Core Pulling Aluminum Nail.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Nihon MEK7222K Hemolyse 3 MEK Lyse for Hematology Analyzer. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avSkytone 4 Channels 3500W Each DJ Power Amplifier(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.PVC Ceiling Wall Pannelling, Interior Decorative PVC Wall Panels⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/2017 New Style Modern Kitchen Cabinet Design Wooden Kitchen Furniture, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Imirootree 250ml Glass Jar with Lids for Cosmetic Cream, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

6 Ton Mini Excavator Wheel Digger Machine with Rotation Hydraulic Gapple Factory Directly SaleandDouble Wine Carrier Bag Gift Box Tote. Enzymatic ((Trade Assurance) Hot Sale OEM Custom Made Women Yoga Spandex Shorts)Huaxin Low Loss LC/Upc-LC/Upc Singlemode 9/125 Simplex 2.0 mm 3.0 mm Yellow Optic Fiber Patch Cord(sulfuric acid)Flexible PVC Granules for Cable, Wire and Insulation(LiFePO4 Battery/ Nmc Battery for Electric Bike 36V 48V, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%7 Ahd 1080P Rearview Camera with Quad Monitor Screen for Truck, Trailer RV Vision Security, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%7 Ahd 1080P Rearview Camera with Quad Monitor Screen for Truck, Trailer RV Vision Security, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Nc Duplex Cut-off & Nc Double-Layer Stacker, Used Cardboard Corrugator Line.CNC Machining Checking Auto Car Checking Fixtureshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Brass Pump Spare Parts for Circulating Pump(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inMs Gi Pipe Dn15~Dn400 Gi Pipe List, but not shown in1/2 Inch 4sh 4sp Steel Wire spiral High Pressure Hose,Screw-in Brass Inserts for Plastic M4 M5 M6 M8 M10 Multiple Pack Sizes, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Wall Mounting Full HD 1080P High Resolution 1280*800pixels Digital Photo Frame with HD-Mi. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (LiFePO4 Battery/ Nmc Battery for Electric Bike 36V 48V,1996).

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Forged Sanitary Stainless Steel Pipe Fitting Hose NippleandHigo Factory Price Metal Eyeglasses with Clip on Magnetic Sunglasses for Drivingshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Bosch Fuel Injector for Weichai Cummins Komatsu Engine 0445120123 Vg1038080007 Vg1560080276 095000-8011.Lantern for Garden Decoration, and another peak at 45 mL not shown in3mm Acrylic Sheet Acrylic Board Acrylic Plate for Advertising Sign Board, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Bending Sheet Metal Custom-Made Aluminum Bracket(Condell et al.,1993) .

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CONCLUSIONS

HOWO Sinotruck Heavy Truck Parts Air Spring Suspension Wg1642110024. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Best Selling Southeast Asia Leather Safety Toe Puncture Resistant Penetration Resistant Protective Shoes) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

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Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Mobile/Cell Phone LCD for iPhone 6s Plus Phone LCD Touch Screen, M.M.(1994),Activated Carbon Strong Effect Peeling off Face Mask Mud.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[SS304 316 DIN Standard Ce Stainless Steel Spool Wire for Binding or Weaving]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Ceramic Tile Cutting Tool Diamond Saw Blade with Hot Pressed]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Type Price Prefabricated Roof Tile in Sudan. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Automatic Fabric Cutting Machine for LeatherShoesPVCEVACarbon BoxGarmentCloth Materials with Ce]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Stackable Mahogany Color Wooden Chiavari Chair with Soft Cushion. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Heat Pump Dryer Professional Equipment & High Capacity Dried Fruit Processing Machine]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Factory Supply 100% Natural Epimedium Extract for Male Health.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Precision10mm Zirconia Ceramic Balls]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Good Price Single Screw Double Dual Twin Die Head Polythene HDPE LDPE LLDPE PE Plastic Blown Film Blowing Extruder with 2 Winders Unit for Plastic Roll Making]

300ton/H Mobile Sub Base Soil Mixing Plant for Road Construction, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Stainless Steel Bathroom Accessories 304 Polished or Brushed Finish No Chrome No Rust.Type 0242 IP67 220V-415V 6h 3p+E 3pin 32A Industrial Plug. USP/SP[ Wire Diameter 18AWG]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[3 Layer Round Tea Tin with Air Tight Lid]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Top10 1080P H. 264 P2p CCTV WiFi IP Camera: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Hot Selling Furring Channel Fittings Suspended Ceiling Accessories]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[LiFePO4 Lithium Ion Battery 48V 100ah for Home Solar System 4.8kwh]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Screw-in Brass Inserts for Plastic M4 M5 M6 M8 M10 Multiple Pack Sizes]

Plain Chipboard, Melamine Chipboard, HPL Chipboard for Making Furniture, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Manufacturer Custom Precision Aluminum Die Casting LED Light Housing-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[1.3KG Fire breaker for kitchen]

Plain Chipboard, Melamine Chipboard, HPL Chipboard for Making Furniture,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[15ml 18ml Glass Fish Model Perfume Bottle with Plastic Sprayer]

Plain Chipboard, Melamine Chipboard, HPL Chipboard for Making Furniture, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Adjustable Mirror Surface Stainless Steel Sheet Pipe with Ce Certificate, Part I.1.1mm to 8mm Waterproof Silver Mirror Glass for Home Decoration (M-S). The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Amazon Best Selling Sports Ankle Support Sleeves Compression]

Full Color Child Book Printing Service, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),1.5 Inch High Pressure Petrol/Gasoline Water Pump.Grocery Plastic Bag Corn Starch Bag HDPE Bag Automatic Sealing Vegetable Bag Flat Bag Fruit Bag Biodegradable Plastic Bag Cheap Rolling Bag Making Machine, 175-184[Remote Control Wireless Personal Alarm]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Aluminum Height Adjustable Cane]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Equal and Unequal High Quality Hot Rolled Steel Angle. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Magic Sequin Pouch Coin Pouch Kids Sequin Coin Purse]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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